Classification of totally real elliptic Lefschetz fibrations via necklace diagrams

We show that totally real elliptic Lefschetz fibrations that admit a real section are classified by their "real loci" which is nothing but an $S^1$-valued Morse function on the real part of the total space. We assign to each such real locus a certain combinatorial object that we call a \emph{necklace diagram}. On the one hand, each necklace diagram corresponds to an isomorphism class of a totally real elliptic Lefschetz fibration that admits a real section, and on the other hand, it refers to a decomposition of the identity into a product of certain matrices in $PSL(2,\Z)$. Using an algorithm to find such decompositions, we obtain an explicit list of necklace diagrams associated with certain classes of totally real elliptic Lefschetz fibrations. Moreover, we introduce refinements of necklace diagrams and show that refined necklace diagrams determine uniquely the isomorphism classes of the totally real elliptic Lefschetz fibrations which may not have a real section. By means of necklace diagrams we observe some interesting phenomena underlying special feature of real fibrations.Comment: 25 pages, 30 figure

Self-Selection in Conflict-Induced Migration: Micro Evidence from Bosnia

This paper aims at contributing to the analysis of brain drain by focusing on countries in conflict. Here, experiences of migrants from Bosnia have been collected in order to identify specific determinants and patterns of migration in the conflict settings. Then, these observations were used to develop a theoretical model of conflict-induced migration, which identify possible mechanism of self-selection of migrants. Finally, a micro-level analysis of determinants of conflict-induced migration from Bosnia has been conducted, in order to provide empirical evidence for the theoretical model. The analysis was based on the World Bank’s BiH LSMS 2001 household survey data. The main aim of this study was to identify possible self-selection mechanism of conflict-induced migration and its impact on the migration rates of highly skilled individuals. The empirical evidence supports the theoretical prediction of a mechanism of self-election present in the conflict-induced migration setting.migration, conflict, brain drain, self-selection, relative deprivation, multinomial logit

Do Social Transfers “Crowd-Out” Remittances: Evidence from Bosnia

This paper presents the results of estimation of the model of interaction between social transfers and remittances. Compared to previous studies, this paper estimates non-monotonic “crowding out” effect by an innovative empirical model specification. The model is then estimated by the two-stage Heckman’s selection method, where the receipt of remittances is the first stage, and amount of remittances received second stage dependent variable. The findings suggest that social transfers crowd-in remittances and that the predominant motive for sending remittances to Bosnia is exchange. In addition, the results do not support the Cox (1997) hypothesis about non-monotonic transfer motives.

Negotiation and management

Negotiations are a means of how to solve conflicts and differences through direct communication. It is a structured process through which parties overcome their differences and conflicts trying to reach an agreement about which solution will be acceptable to all. The basic meaning of negotiations is to obtain what you want from others. In this work the principal aspects of negotiations are being discussed, as one of the key business processes and an essential source of competitive advantage. The work attempts to show how one should behave in negotiations, the manner of acting of both opposing parties, in order to achieve the negotiation objectives. In addition, we shall see to get more closely acquainted with the negotiation skills, how to mutually negotiate and to help understand what happens when it comes to more complex situations than those with which every one of us is faced. In the beginning we shall demonstrate the very concept of negotiations and we shall point to how one ought to prepare oneself for them and how to set the objectives. The assessment of the expression of standpoints, their presentation as well as reconciling the divergent positions are the principal segments on which this work rests.negotiation; objectives; assessment; presentation

Real elements in the mapping class group of T2T^2

We present a complete classification of elements in the mapping class group of the torus which have a representative that can be written as a product of two orientation reversing involutions. Our interest in such decompositions is motivated by features of the monodromy maps of real fibrations. We employ the property that the mapping class group of the torus is identifiable with $SL(2,\Z)$ as well as that the quotient group $PSL(2,\Z)$ is the symmetry group of the {\em Farey tessellation} of the Poincar\'e disk.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figure