The Rate and Pattern of Disclosing Medical Errors in Iranian Physicians and Healthcare Staff

Background: Ethics is of great significance in the medical community, i.e., because of the importance of this profession. How a physician manages a medical error, regardless of its cause, is among the major issues of medical ethics. Given the nature of the medical profession, medical malpractice may occur at any time during treatment. Medical malpractice is frequent in Iran and other countries. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted using a researcher-made checklist. The study participants attended legal medicine training and refresher courses in Mashhad and Sabzevar Cities, Iran, from June 2012 to June 2017.Results: During five years, 1537 cases were enrolled in the study. Most of the study participants were female (n=832, 52.89%), with a Mean±SD age of 32.3±3.4 years. All study participants, except for 25 (1.58%) subjects answered “I do not disclose the malpractice” to the question “would you disclose your medical malpractice with treatable harm to the patient, while he/she gets hurt by not revealing the malpractice?”; the rest [1463 (92.94%) individuals] answered “I disclose the malpractice, but I do not mention that the harm is due to malpractice, and 85 (5.40%) participants answered, “I disclose the malpractice to the patient and mention that the harm is due to malpractice and it could be cured.” Conclusion: The study findings suggested that the majority of study participants did not tend to disclose their malpractice to patients and their families

Socio-strategical Knowledge: An Essential Necessity for the Iranian Nursing Society

Dear Editor,The realm of nursing has always confronted complex moral and social issues and has been developed by the effects of newly emerging knowledges [1]. One of these areas is the socio- strategical knowledge that is the central authority of professional nursing and prepares nurses to question the status quo and dominant structures in society which affect the health of individuals and communities [2].Nurses are the largest human resources in the field of health care. Thay have many duties and responsibilities.Currently, there are no accurate statistics on the number of nurses in Iran, but according to statistics provided by the nursing organization, there are approximately 200,000 nurses working in hospitals. Now Iranian nursing and heart nursing associations, as well as four newly established Iranian nursing administration, adult nursing care, community health and geriatric and children and infants nursing care along with other available potentials such as deputy of nursing care of the ministry of health, nursing board, nursing organizationcan help to strengthen the socio- strategical aspect of nursing in Iran.Nowadays, the Iranian nursing society is highly in demand of establishing strong foundations in social and strategical contexts. As far as the social dimension is concerned, the society's view of nursing is not appropriate in terms of structure, abilities, dignity and character. Professional nursing relationships with other disciplines are not satisfactory [3], while nursing is a multidisciplinary area which utilizes humanities such as psychology, sociology, philosophy-logic, theology and basic sciences such as mathematics, physics and chemistry, and a small percentage of this great discipline is the health science. Therefore, the role of nursing is low in the successes that are occasionally given to the physical and mental health of the community [4]. On the other hand, moving towards professional autonomy with strategies such as setting up and strengthening patient education units and keeping them active, the presence of nurses in health centers and the emphasis on professional role is helpful in achieving this goal.AS for the strategical aspect, however, the need for the Iranian nursing society is apparently more perceptible because one of the important ways to access resources is to strongly influence on the national levels of the managerial positions and decision making. Nurses must participate in various strategical and social elections and gradually become involved in decision-making positions in order to protect the nursing profession and the general health of the community. It is imperative that nurses delegate individuals to decision-making seats, where this is a universally agreed upon strategy. A large number of nurses in the nursing associations, nursing and community-based organizations are active in elections, and serve as a source of strength and self-esteem in this profession

Organophosphorus Insecticide Poisoning Related Mortality and Neurotoxicity in Sabzevar

Background: This study aimed to assess mortality and neurotoxicity caused by the pesticide organophosphate and its correlation with the type of poison and treatment in patients admitted to Vasei Hospital of Sabzevar City, Iran, in 2018.Methods: Out of 122 cases, 52 patients (43.3%) were male, and 70 patients (56.9%) were female. The Mean±SD age of the men was 32.65±29.15, and women was 30±15.30 years.Results: Mortality in women and men was 10% and 17.3%, respectively. Among treated people, diazinon had the highest frequency of 76.4%, and among dead people from diazinon and malathion had the highest rates of 56.3% and 43.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of mortality in patients was 7.3% (n=9). As most people with organophosphorus poisoning have been exposed to diazinon toxins; therefore, strategies to prevent and reduce exposure to this toxin are essential

Study of the Pattern and Frequency of Road Traffic Injuries in Car Occupants in the Eastern Part of Iran

Background: Since Iran has one of the highest mortality rates of car accidents in the world, the study of the pattern and reasons of trauma in car occupants can provide useful information to determine the underlying causes of injuries and deaths in traffic accidents. Accordingly, this study was conducted to determine the pattern, frequency, and causes of traumatic injuries caused by traffic accidents in car occupants.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted during the first 6 months of 2017 in Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Sabzevar City, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. The data were obtained from the medical records of patients and the checklist designed by our research team. Results: During the period of study, 300 people were involved in car accidents, of whom 58.3% were men with an average age of 35.16 years. In both sexes, 29.3% of the subjects were in the age group of 30-40 years. Twenty-two car occupants were involved in non-injury car accidents. No significant relationship was found between traumatic injuries and variables of sex, seatbelt use, airbag deployment, and the seat occupant in the cars (P>0.05), as well as between death and variables of sex, airbag deployment and seat occupant in cars (P>0.05). But there was a significant relationship between death and fastening seat belts (P=0.003). Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that sex, airbag deployment, and seat occupant had no effect on traumatic injury or mortality rate in the car occupants. However, fastening the seatbelt can reduce the mortality rate in car occupants, but it does not impact the traumatic injuries rate

Mental health status and its influencing factors in Iranian soldiers: Systematic review

Background and Aim: The mental health of soldiers is a vital issue that has posed many challenges today. The aim of this study was to review the mental health of Iranian soldiers and its influencing factors. Methods: In this systematic review study, papers published over a period of 15 years between the years 2004-2019 were reviewed. Electronic search in Persian and English with the keywords; soldiers' health, military mental health, soldiers' mental disorders, army, armed forces and soldiers in Scopus, Pubmed, Google Scholar, SID, iranMagiran, Medlib and Iranmedex was done. In the initial search; 615 papers related to soldiers' mental health were obtained. In the screening stage, 286 papers were retrieved and according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 18 papers were selected. Results: According to the studies, it can be said that the mental health status of Iranian soldiers is dependent on two general categories of external (family environment, economic, cultural and psychological factors) and internal factors (existing facilities, commanders' approach, type of duty). And the manner of training). The results of this study showed that some Iranian soldiers suffer from mental disorders such as depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, drug addiction, personality problems including paranoid, mania, schizophrenia, hysteria and narcissism. Numerous factors including individual, family, social, economic, cultural, managerial and organizational factors affect their mental health status. Conclusion: The increase in mental disorders among young people, especially soldiers, makes it necessary to provide effective strategies to improve their mental health. In this regard, assessing the personality traits of soldiers upon entering military bases and holding confrontation workshops can prevent possible damage as much as possible. © 2020 Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. All rights reserved