Gendered Discourse in the Political Behavior of Adolescents

The roots of adult civic and political participation originate in pre-adult experiences (Verba et al. 1995) and high school extracurricular activities offer students opportunities to develop interpersonal and leadership skills. In this research, we ask whether adolescents also learn gendered norms of political discourse through extracurricular activities. This project assessed gender differences in participation at the 1999 Model United Nations of the Southwest (MUNSW) at the University of Oklahoma. Important differences in participation were observed in the number and character of speaking turns taken by male and female delegates. We find that contextual factors, such as the sex of the committee chair, the issue areas addressed by the committee, and the timing of the session in the conference significantly influence who participates in the discourse, but the percentage of female participants surprisingly does not. The character of the political discourse suggests norms dominated by masculinity.Yeshttps://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/manuscript-submission-guideline

President elections : strategies of American electoral politics

xv, 304 p.; 20 cm

L’INSTITUTIONALISATION DE LA CHAMBRE DES DÉPUTÉS AUX ÉTATS-UNIS

This article analyzes the process of institutionalization of the House of Representatives in the UnitedStates, from its beginnings at the end of the 18th century through the middle of the 20th century.The process is analyzed through three fundamental variables: 1) defining its functional limits inrelated to other organizations, particularly those of a political nature; 2) the relative complexity ofthe institution, in other words, to what extent its functions are internally separated on a regular andexplicit basis; 3) the universalism and automatism of the procedures adopted for carrying out itsdiverse internal affairs. Throughout the article, each one of these variables is successively examinedfrom a historical point of view. In the manner of conclusion, several speculative observations oncauses, consequences and possible lessons to be learned from these processes of institutionalizationare presented.O artigo analisa como se deu a institucionalização da Câmara dos Deputados dos Estados Unidos, desdeseu início, no final do século XVIII, até meados do século XX. Esse processo é analisado a partir de trêsvariáveis fundamentais: 1) a delimitação funcional em relação a outras organizações, particularmentepolíticas; 2) a relativa complexidade da instituição, ou seja, até que ponto suas funções são internamenteseparadas em alguma base regular e explícita; 3) o universalismo e o automatismo nos procedimentosadotados para conduzir seus diversos assuntos internos. Cada uma dessas variáveis é sucessivamenteexaminada do ponto de vista histórico ao longo do artigo; a título de conclusão, apresentam-se algumasobservações especulativas sobre causas, conseqüências e possíveis lições que se pode tirar dainstitucionalização da Câmara.L’article analyse comment a eu lieu l’institutionalisation de la Chambre des Députés des États-Unis,depuis son début, à la fin du XVIIIème siècle, jusqu’à la moitié du XXème siècle. Ce processus estanalysé à partir de trois variantes essentielles : 1) la délimitation fonctionnelle concernant les autresorganisations, surtout politiques ; 2) la relative complexité de l’institution, c’est-à-dire jusqu’à quelpoint ses fonctions sont internement séparées sur des bases régulières et explicites ; 3) l’universalismeet l’automatisme dans les procédés adoptés pour conduire ses thèmes internes. Au long de l’article,chaque variante est successivement examinée sous une perspective historique ; en guise de conclusion,on présente quelques observations conjecturales sur les causes, les conséquences et les éventuellesleçons à tirer de l’institutionalisation de la Chambre