845 research outputs found
Mechanical systems subjected to generalized nonholonomic constraints
We study mechanical systems subject to constraint functions that can be
dependent at some points and independent at the rest. Such systems are modelled
by means of generalized codistributions. We discuss how the constraint force
can transmit an impulse to the motion at the points of dependence and derive an
explicit formula to obtain the ``post-impact'' momentum in terms of the
``pre-impact'' momentum.Comment: 24 pages, no figure
Rotating saddle trap as Foucault's pendulum
One of the many surprising results found in the mechanics of rotating systems
is the stabilization of a particle in a rapidly rotating planar saddle
potential. Besides the counterintuitive stabilization, an unexpected
precessional motion is observed. In this note we show that this precession is
due to a Coriolis-like force caused by the rotation of the potential. To our
knowledge this is the first example where such force arises in an inertial
reference frame. We also propose an idea of a simple mechanical demonstration
of this effect.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figure
ΠΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ: Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°
The author traces the evolution of the conceptual foundations of Russiaβs migration policy and the features of its implementation at various stages of social, economic and political development of the country. The analysis focuses on the geopolitical specifics of Russiaβs migration policy: after the collapse of the USSR, tens of millions of the countryβs citizens ended up abroad. Return to the sources of the conceptualization of the Russian migration policy, capture of the underrated factors has a significant practical importance to mainstream and optimize it nowadays. Contradictory tendencies in the development of migration processes, unrealized opportunities, mistakes and miscalculations made in the first post-Soviet years are revealed; all the positive things that have been brought into the migration sphere over three decades are noted. The author identifies several stages that have their peculiarities that characterize the dynamics of changes and the evolution of the conceptual approaches of the state to this very complex and multi-layered problem. And at each stage there is a difficult search for answers to unresolved old and new questions that life poses to Russia with its contradictions, illogisms, and paradoxes. The author concludes that the coronavirus pandemic, which caused global social and economic upheavals in the world, will become a force majeure test for Russiaβs migration policy.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ°Ρ
ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ. Π ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° β Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Π‘Π‘Π‘Π Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π³ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π°Π½ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΎΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΅Π΅ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΈ Π΄Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ, Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ; ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ΅, ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π² ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Ρ
Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ»Π΅ΡΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅. Π Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ β ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ, Π²ΡΠ·Π²Π°Π²ΡΠ°Ρ Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡ-ΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈΡΠΏΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΌΠΈΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ« Β«ΠΠ―ΠΠΠΠΒ» Π Β«ΠΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΒ» Π‘ΠΠΠ«: Π Π£Π ΠΠΠΠ Π£ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘ΠΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠ‘Π
The article reveals the key particularities of the βsoftβ and βhard powerβ in the context of the βsmart leadershipβ strategy in the world politics. This text examines the different aspects of the concept of βsoft powerβ, its practical problems, and particularities of the public diplomacy, the limits and perspectives of βsoft powerβ in the light of the internationalization of the Ukrainian crisis.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Β«ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉΒ» ΠΈ Β«ΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΒ» Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Β«ΡΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π°Β» Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ° Β«ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΒ», Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Ρ Β«ΠΌΡΠ³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΡΒ» Π² ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠ°ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ
ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅: Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Β«Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ» ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ Β«Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ»
In the conditions of turbulent transformations of the world order, life itself, with its contradictions, difficulties and surprises, extremely actualizes the problems associated with unforeseen risks and challenges to world development. The coronavirus pandemic has created a new βnormalityβ or, more precisely, a new βabnormalityβ in which countries find themselves regardless of their geopolitical status and place in the international hierarchy. The global coronavirus crisis has exacerbated the already growing uncertainty in global political processes. Uncertainty and the associated strategic instability is a breeding ground for preserving acutely problematic nodes of global politics and delaying the search for constructive solutions that bring them closer to a mutually acceptable model of the coming world order. The phenomenon of apolarity is becoming more and more complicated and has been linked in recent years with the growing weight and influence of new geopolitical players and centers of power β China, India, Latin America states. The international positions of Russia have significantly strengthened, which has acquired a full-fledged role in global politics. In the context of the current geopolitical confrontations and competitive rivalry, the experience of understanding uncertainty in the scientific and expert communities of Russia acquires special practical and political significance.Π ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Ρ Ρ Π΅Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ, ΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ, ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ·Π΄Π°Π»Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Β«Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ» ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π΅Π΅, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ Β«Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡΒ», Π² ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΌΠΎ ΠΎΡ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° Π² ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ
ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ³ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ» ΠΈ Π±Π΅Π· ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Ρ
. ΠΠ΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ Ρ Π½Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π½Π΅ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ β ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π° Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ² Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΈΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΊ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π³ΡΡΠ΄ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΊΠ°. ΠΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ/Π±Π΅ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ (apolarity), ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π²Π΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΈ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠ»Ρ β ΠΠΈΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ. Π‘ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π² Π³Π»ΠΎΠ±Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Π ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ΅ Π½ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π°Ρ
Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΎ-ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ
Decorated vertices with 3-edged cells in 2D foams: exact solutions and properties
The energy, area and excess energy of a decorated vertex in a 2D foam are
calculated. The general shape of the vertex and its decoration are described
analytically by a reference pattern mapped by a parametric Moebius
transformation. A single parameter of control allows to describe, in a common
framework, different types of decorations, by liquid triangles or 3-sided
bubbles, and other non-conventional cells. A solution is proposed to explain
the stability threshold in the flower problem.Comment: 13 pages, 17 figure
ΠΠ½Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ: ΠΎΡ Β«Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΒ» ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
While studying the changes in the conceptual foundations of Russian foreign policy from its inception to the present day, an important place is occupied by the systematization of factors, circumstances and trends that predetermined the beginning of overcoming mistakes and errors of the 90s and the transition to its doctrinal sovereignty. The collapse of the USSR became the litmus test of the attitude of the West, primarily the USA, to the new Russia. Having no historical precedent, such a swift β overnight β reverse formation leap from Β«real socialismΒ» to real capitalism, and by no means the expected transition from confrontational bipolarity to monopolistic unipolarity, predetermined the hopes of B. Yeltsin and his immediate circle for the elimination of past geopolitical antagonisms, high expectations regarding the readiness of the collective West, led by the United States, for an equal dialogue with Russia. That clearly emerged with the regard to the elaboration of the first conceptual model of the foreign policy of Russia in 1993 that in a number of basic parameters had a pronounced american-centric character. The idea of the βwesternizationβ of the foreign policy activity of Russia was pushed primarily by the liberal circles as a panacea for the elimination of the ideological and political pillars of the Soviet system, overcoming the deepest social and economic crisis with the hope, and even with the conviction that the Β«benevolent hegemonΒ» of the United States and the West as a whole Β«will help usΒ». The author proceeds from the fact that referring to the sources of the formation of the conceptual base of international activity of Russia, taking into account underestimated or, conversely, overestimated factors, is of great practical importance for updating and optimizing the foreign policy strategy of our country, improving the work of Russian diplomacy and increasing its effectiveness in the fight against new international challenges and threats.Π ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΌΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡ
Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π°ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±Π»ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ 90-Ρ
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊ Π΅Π΅ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ. Π Π°ΡΠΏΠ°Π΄ Π‘Π‘Π‘Π ΡΡΠ°Π» Π»Π°ΠΊΠΌΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΆΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π‘Π¨Π, ΠΊ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ β Π² ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ β ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΡ Β«ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ°Β» ΠΊ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΡ, Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Ρ Π. ΠΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π±Π»ΠΈΠΆΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡ
Π³Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΠΊ Π·Π°Π²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π° Π²ΠΎ Π³Π»Π°Π²Π΅ Ρ Π‘Π¨Π ΠΊ ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΡΡ Π² ΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ1993 Π³., ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π»Π° Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅Ρ. ΠΠ΄Π΅Ρ Β«Π²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈΒ» Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅ Π²ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π»ΠΈΠ±Π΅ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΡΡΠ³Π°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡ Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠΏΠΎΡ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ° Ρ Π½Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΉ, Π° ΡΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎ Β«Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π³Π΅Π³Π΅ΠΌΠΎΠ½Β» Π‘Π¨Π ΠΈ ΠΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π΄ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ Β«Π½Π°ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ΡΒ». ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡ ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊ ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π±Π°Π·Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΡΠ΅Ρ Π½Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ, Π½Π°ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠΎΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ², ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΅Ρ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Ρ, ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΏΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΅Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² Π±ΠΎΡΡΠ±Π΅ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ³ΡΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌΠΈ
Chaotic Phenomenon in Nonlinear Gyrotropic Medium
Nonlinear gyrotropic medium is a medium, whose natural optical activity
depends on the intensity of the incident light wave. The Kuhn's model is used
to study nonlinear gyrotropic medium with great success. The Kuhn's model
presents itself a model of nonlinear coupled oscillators. This article is
devoted to the study of the Kuhn's nonlinear model. In the first paragraph of
the paper we study classical dynamics in case of weak as well as strong
nonlinearity. In case of week nonlinearity we have obtained the analytical
solutions, which are in good agreement with the numerical solutions. In case of
strong nonlinearity we have determined the values of those parameters for which
chaos is formed in the system under study. The second paragraph of the paper
refers to the question of the Kuhn's model integrability. It is shown, that at
the certain values of the interaction potential this model is exactly
integrable and under certain conditions it is reduced to so-called universal
Hamiltonian. The third paragraph of the paper is devoted to quantum-mechanical
consideration. It shows the possibility of stochastic absorption of external
field energy by nonlinear gyrotropic medium. The last forth paragraph of the
paper is devoted to generalization of the Kuhn's model for infinite chain of
interacting oscillators
The Possibility of Reconciling Quantum Mechanics with Classical Probability Theory
We describe a scheme for constructing quantum mechanics in which a quantum
system is considered as a collection of open classical subsystems. This allows
using the formal classical logic and classical probability theory in quantum
mechanics. Our approach nevertheless allows completely reproducing the standard
mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics and identifying its applicability
limits. We especially attend to the quantum state reduction problem.Comment: Latex, 14 pages, 1 figur
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