Synthesis, molecular docking and anti-inflammatory potential of novel hydrazones of eugenol in tuberculosis treatment

551-558The hydrazone derivatives of eugenol have been designed and synthesized via esterification, hydrazination and treatment with different aldehydes or ketones. All these compounds have been docked with 4COX and 3LN1 (COX-2 enzymes) using Schrodinger v7.4. The compounds have been characterized by IR, 1H NMR and LCMS. The compounds have been evaluated for their anti-inflammatory potential using in vivo carrageenan induced rat hind paw method and in vitro protein denaturation. The study reveals that most compounds have significant anti-inflammatory activity. Tested compounds as per literature prove that they show antitubercular activity. Among tested compounds, compounds 4, 34, 37 and 42 exhibit the highest anti-inflammatory activity. The present study shows that anti-inflammatory activity of the novel hydrazone derivatives of eugenol is strongly connected with the position of the substituent on aromatic aldehyde or ketone. As these compounds possess both the activities, therefore they may be useful in tuberculosis treatment

Long Noncoding RNA UCA1 in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Molecular Regulatory Roles and Patterns, Mechanisms, and Interactions

The rising trend of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become a global burden due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been reported to be overexpressed in different GI cancers and may contribute to cancer progression and chemoresistance. They are featured with more than 200 nucleotides, commonly polyadenylated, and lacking an open reading frame. LncRNAs, particularly urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1), are oncogenes involved in regulating cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance, particularly in GI cancer. This review was aimed to present an updated focus on the molecular regulatory roles and patterns of lncRNA UCA1 in progression and chemoresistance of different GI cancers, as well as deciphering the underlying mechanisms and its interactions with key molecules involved, together with a brief presentation on its diagnostic and prognostic values. The regulatory roles of lncRNA UCA1 are implicated in esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, hepatobiliary cancer, and colorectal cancer, where they shared similar molecular mechanisms in regulating cancer phenotypes and chemoresistance. Comparatively, gastric cancer is the most intensively studied type in GI cancer. LncRNA UCA1 is implicated in biological roles of different GI cancers via interactions with various molecules, particularly microRNAs, and signaling pathways. In conclusion, lncRNA UCA1 is a potential molecular target for GI cancer, which may lead to the development of a novel chemotherapeutic agent. Hence, it also acts as a potential diagnostic and prognostic marker for GI cancer patients