Possibility of Seed Priming for good Germination of Cotton Seed under Salinity Stress

To check the effects of hydro-priming and priming with potassium nitrate on cotton seed germination and seedling emergence. Laboratory and green house experiment was set in University of agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Different priming treatments used as hydro, KN03 and NaCl. Results showed that under salinity stress, hydro and potassium nitrate priming increased properties such as: germination of seed, emergence of seedling, radicle length, dry weight and plant leaf area. Priming with KN03 had the most positive effects on given traits under salinity stress. Keywords: Priming. KN03, Cotton, salinity Stres

Changing the HRM Vision into Reality the Role of Manager’s Skills for Implementing Change Within the Organization: A Chinese Study

The global corporate competitive survival behavior has changed dramatically over the past few years, the change process which has forced organization’s to engage in frequent changes large and small. The palpable truth, that changes are the additional burden on the manager’s shoulders. The assumption is that not all managers have the capability to carry the burden successfully to attain the targets. The Coffee Chain is one of the identifiable hospitality industry has high sensitivity to the external environmental changes. To survive in the competitive environment, coffee chains must have a vision to react quickly to the changing business models. To be successful in the industry, there are winning techniques proposed in the competency of people management. This study investigated the skill set of the managers to the competency in people management while implementing change in the organization. The questionnaire was constructed, tested and managed to a total of 447 individuals in the coffee chain organizations in China. Total 447 usable surveys were analyzed using Microsoft excel and Chi-Square analysis to test the study hypotheses. The result showed that managers motivating, communication, trust, empowerment and delegating skills for implementing change have a positive and significant impact on the employee's in the coffee organizations in China. This study suggests the value of interpersonal skills in successfully implementing change, specifically the abilities to motivate, communicate, and create supportive environments for teams. Managers who possess and demonstrate these skills are perceived as more effective in driving change.

FINANCIAL REWARDS CLIMATE AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE ATTITUDES TOWARDS JOB SATISFACTION IN THE RETAIL ORGANIZATIONS

Job satisfaction is an attitudinal variable that reflects how people feel about their jobs overall. All aspects of the particular job, good or bad, Positive or negative, are likely to contribute to the development of feelings of satisfaction or dissatisfaction. The endeavor of this research was to find out whether financial rewards have an influence on the attitudes and feeling of employees. A questionnaire was constructed, analyzed and managed a total of 172 employees in the retail organization. Thus 172 usable surveys were analyzed the attitudes of employees on different aspects of their job. Findings showed that financial rewards caused positive job satisfaction of employees and boosted their commitment and increase the output of the organization. However, a high level of employee dissatisfaction was recorded in employee compensation and the amount of work they perform and the amount of responsibilities they accept. The result of this study highlights the role of job satisfaction of employees' and responsibilities of organizations in the promotion of good quality practices of HRM in retail business, and offers a substitute alleyway for employees' satisfaction and performance

IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE ANTECEDENTS ON JOB SATISFACTION: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF PERCEIVED FULFILLMENT OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CONTRACT

The relationship between employee and employer has faced revolutionary shifts in the past decades, causing radical changes in psychological contracts. This study explores the impact of organizational change antecedents as cause (type of change, personal impact of change, frequency of change and successfulness of past changes) on the perceived fulfillment of organizational obligations as content/mediating variable (job content, career development, social atmosphere, organizational policies, work life balance, and rewards) and job satisfaction as consequence. Furthermore, this review offers propositions based on current literature for further in-depth empirical investigations to find out the combined effects of organizational change antecedents, perceived fulfillment of organizational obligations and behavioral outcomes with academic and practical relevance

Effect of Salinity on Cotton Seed Germination and Seedling Survival

Salinity is a major threat in Pakistan due to use of low quality water. Present study was conducted   to evaluate MNH-886 at different salinity levels by using 3 different experiment. In first experiment seed of MNH-886 was grown in Petri dishes and data of germination was taken by applying 23 NaCl treatments from 0-1300 mM. Results showed that germination is get hampered by high salt concentration. Even at the concentration of 100 mM it lowered to 80% and become zero at 700 mM NaCl solution. In second and third experiment seedling survival was tested  in MS media and hydroponic. From both of these experiment it was found that survival rate decrease greatly with increase in salt concentration. On the basis of hydroponic results it is assumed that MNH-886 is not good performer under salinity stress Keywords: MNH-886, Germination, survival, hydroponic medi

Linking Rewards To Employee Motivation At Work: A Chinese Study

The purpose of this paper is to promote the understanding of the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and motivation at work in the banking sector of China.  It also examines whether demographic factors such as age and gender differences impact employees’ attitudes in relation to intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards, and motivation at work. A unique questionnaire based survey was carried out in the banking sector. Total 200 questionnaires were distributed randomly to the employees, 157 were returned and 110 were ultimately selected for the analysis. Using descriptive statistics providing intrinsic rewards, extrinsic rewards and motivation in the banking sector was identified. The results indicate that the banking sector in China is more likely to provide intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic rewards. In addition, extrinsic rewards can be emphasized to add the value of intrinsic rewards, as it can prevent workers from being dissatisfied with their jobs. Both individual ability and demographic characteristics are the key determinants of employee’s motivational preferences. From the findings for women, satisfaction is positively related to intrinsic rewards, but also for men, satisfaction tends to be positively related to extrinsic rewards.

Comparison of Slow versus Rapid Feeding Regimen in Preterm Neonates in the reduction of hospital stay

Introduction: In preterm babies delay in the achievement of full feeds causes prolonged hospital stay. This study will help in the nutritional management of preterm babies which will shorten the hospital stay and reduce the economic burdens on parents. Objective: To compare the mean duration of hospital stay of preterm neonates with two different feeding protocols(slow feeding regimen versus rapid feeding regimen). Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the neonatal unit at Izzat Ali Shah Hospital from October 2019 to March 2020 through a randomized controlled trial. A total of 102 (51 in each group) were randomized to slow feeding (Group A) and Rapid feeding(Group B). Depending on the birth weight and gestational age, a certain amount of breast milk was initiated, with increments of 15-20 mL/kg/day in the slow feeding group & 25-30 ml/kg/day in the rapid feeding group. Feeding was stopped temporarily in case of any sign of feeding intolerance, suspected necrotizing enterocolitis, recurrent apnoeic episodes, and neonatal seizures. The total target feed was 180 ml/kg per day. Infants were continued in the study until discharged from the hospital.   Results: Our study shows that the mean gestational agein Group A (Slow feeding) was 34 weeks with SD ± 2.68 while the mean gestational agein Group B (Rapid feeding) was 35 weeks with SD ± 1.98. In Group A (Slow feeding) 55% neonates were male while 45% neonates were female. Whereas in Group B (Rapid feeding) 57% neonates were male while 43% neonates were female. In Group A (Slow feeding) mean hospital stay was 22 days with SD ± 7.02. In Group B (Rapid feeding) mean hospital stay was 13 days with SD ± 3.72.  Conclusion: Our study concludes that mean hospital stay in the rapid advancement of feeds was shorter as compared to the slow feeding of preterm neonates

Intra-abdominal Hypertension and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy

Objective: The objectives of the Prospective observational study were to identify the frequency of abdominal compartment syndrome and intraabdominal hypertension in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy for trauma and peritonitis and to determine the impact of raised intraabdominal pressure on the overall morbidity and mortality. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the department of surgery Benazir Bhutto Hospital Rawalpindi. From June 2013 to May 2014 a total of 50 patients undergoing emergency laparotomy were included. IAP was measured preoperatively then postoperatively at 0, 6, 24 hours, and the findings were recorded on a specially designed preform. The patients having higher IAP were further evaluated up to 72 hours. All vitals, urine output, oxygen saturation, serum urea, creatinine were noted. The main outcomes were duration of hospital stay, the occurrence of burst abdomen, and mortality. Results: At the preoperative level the incidence of IAH was 86%. The mortality association with IAH at 6 hours postoperatively was quite significant (P<0.029). The incidence of postoperative ACS was 5% among the total patients and it was 15.6% in trauma patients. No significant association was found between IAP and occurrence of burst abdomen at any level (P values 0.4, 0.26, 0.53, 0.58 at intervals preoperatively, 0, 6, 24 hours postoperative respectively.  Conclusion: Intraabdominal pressure is an important factor that predicts the mortality of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy. It should be carefully monitored and managed accordingly to avoid the detrimental effects on virtually all organ systems. Abdominal decompression in significantly elevated intraabdominal pressure reverts the physiological derangement of Intrabdominal hypertension

Quality of Life in Children with Epilepsy in Wah Cantt, Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Study

Objective: To assess the Quality Of Life (QOL) in children with epilepsy using modified QOLCE-55 questionnaire. Material and Methods: We consecutively enrolled children aged 4 to 16 years who were under treatment for childhood epilepsy. Basic demographic and clinical details including type of epilepsy, developmental history, family history of epilepsy and any co-morbidity were recorded in a predesigned Performa. QOL was evaluated by using modified QOLCE-55 (39 items) from parents. Results: A total of 54 children were enrolled in the study, 42 (78%) were males and 12(22%) were female children with epilepsy.  Eight children got good QOLCE score, while 24 children had average and 22 children got a poor score. The good score was mostly seen in 4-8 years (40%) of age while the poor score was seen in 12-16 years (70%) age group. Age of the patients (p=<0.001), gender (p=<0.001), associated co-morbidities (p=0.003) and family history of epilepsy (p=0.011) showed a significant effect on the QOLCE score. Type of epilepsy (p= 0.825) and development of a child (p=0.109) did not affect the QOLCE score significantly. Conclusion: The study showed that Children with co-morbidities, family history of epilepsy and female children of older age group (12-16 years) had poor QOL. Types of seizures and development of the child did not significantly alter the QOLCE score