976 research outputs found
Understanding and misunderstanding of neuroimaging: some data from first year undergraduates
• In recent years, neuroimaging research has become a popular and exciting source of news in the press and media but claims are often exaggerated and people’s understanding of the techniques appears poor.
• In this study, 207 first year undergraduates in psychology completed a True/False questionnaire in which 28 statements about neuroimaging were presented
• Respondents showed a very skeptical attitude to some of the claims made for neuroimaging but showed poor understanding of the methods
• 82% correctly judged that neuroimaging could not be used to read minds; 88% correctly thought neuroimaging could detect brain abnormalities; and 77% thought that newspapers and media did not report neuroimaging studies accurately
• However, 76% incorrectly thought that neuroimaging allowed us to see behaviour in the brain as and when it happens; 80% incorrectly thought that babies, children and adults could be studied with all types of imaging; 84% incorrectly thought neuroimaging could identify a person suffering from mental illnes
Prediction the effects of ZnO2 nanoparticles on splitting tensile strength and water absorption of high strength concrete
Importance of source structure on complex organics emission III. Effect of disks around massive protostars
Complex organic molecules are only detected toward a fraction of high-mass
protostars. The goal of this work is to investigate whether high-mass disks can
explain the lack of methanol emission from some massive protostellar systems.
We consider an envelope-only and an envelope-plus-disk model and use RADMC-3D
to calculate the methanol emission. High and low millimeter (mm) opacity dust
are considered for both models separately and the methanol abundance is
parameterized. Viscous heating is included due to the high accretion rates of
these objects in the disk. In contrast with low-mass protostars, the presence
of a disk does not significantly affect the temperature structure and methanol
emission. The shadowing effect of the disk is not as important for high-mass
objects and the disk mid-plane is hot because of viscous heating, which is
effective due to the high accretion rates. Consistent with observations of
infrared absorption lines toward high-mass protostars, we find a vertical
temperature inversion, i.e. higher temperatures in the disk mid-plane than the
disk surface, at radii < 50au for the models with L and
large mm opacity dust as long as the envelope mass is >550 M. The
large observed scatter in methanol emission from massive protostars can be
mostly explained toward lower luminosity objects with the envelope-plus-disk
models including low and high mm opacity dust. The methanol emission variation
toward sources with high luminosities cannot be explained by models with or
without a disk. However, the of these objects suggest that they could be
associated with hypercompact/ultracompact HII regions. Therefore, the low
methanol emission toward the high-luminosity sources can be explained by them
hosting an HII region where methanol is absent.Comment: 25 pages, 24 figures, Accepted for publication in A&
Cross-cultural adaptions and measurement properties of the WORC (Western Ontario rotator cuff index): a systematic review
Background To evaluate the translations, cross-cultural adaptation procedures and measurement properties of the Western Ontario Rotator Cuff Index (WORC), when it is adapted for different cultures. Methods A systematic review was performed, considering different cultural adaptions of the WORC accessible through MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and/or Google Scholar. Included were prospective cohort studies that used an adapted version of the WORC to measure QoL in patients with rotator cuff disorders. All studies were evaluated according to the current guidelines for cross-cultural adaptations and measurement properties. Results The search retrieved 14 studies that met the inclusion criteria. According to the recommended guidelines for cross-cultural adaptations, 8 studies performed 100% of the steps, 2 studies performed 80% of the steps and 4 studies used previously translated measures. When evaluating the studies\u27 psychometric properties based on the quality criteria, none of the studies reported all recommended measurement properties. All of the studies reported the measurement property of reliability, but none of the studies reported agreement. Internal consistency was fully reported by 15% of studies. Construct validity was reported by 43% of studies. Only one study reported 100% of the cross-cultural adaption guidelines and 83% of the quality criteria. Conclusions Although the majority of studies demonstrated proper adaptation procedures, testing of the measurement properties were inadequate. It is recommended that the current adapted versions of the WORC undergo further testing before use in clinical practise, and researchers continue to adapt the WORC for different cultures as it proves to be an appropriate instrument for assessing rotator cuff pathology
The effectiveness of surgical vs conservative interventions on pain and function in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome. A systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To assess the effectiveness of surgical vs conservative interventions on pain and function in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Setting Clinical setting. Participants Patients 18 years and older with subacromial impingement syndrome. Intervention/Comparison Surgical intervention plus postoperative physiotherapy / placebo surgery plus physiotherapy or physiotherapy only. Main outcome measures Pain and function. Results 11 RCTs (n = 919) were included. The pooled results displayed no statistically or clinically different between surgery plus physiotherapy vs physiotherapy alone on pain levels at 3-, 6-months, 5- and 10 years follow up (moderate quality, 3 RCTs, 300 patients, WMD -0.39, 95% CI: -1.02 to 0.23, p = 0.22; moderate quality, 3 RCTs, 310 patients, WMD -0.36, 95% CI: -1.02 to 0.29, p = 0.27; low quality, 1 RCT, 109 patients, WMD -0.30, 95% CI: -1.54 to 0.94, p = 0.64; low quality, 1 RCT, 90 patients, WMD -1.00, 95% CI: -0.24 to 2.24, p = 0.11) respectively. Similarly, the pooled results were not statistically or clinically different between groups for function at 3-, 6-month and 1-year follow ups (very low quality, 2 RCTs, 184 patients, SMD 0.11, 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.79, p = 0.75; moderate quality, 3 RCTs, 310 patients, SMD 0.15, 95% CI: -0.14 to 0.43, p = 0.31; very low quality, 2 RCTs, 197 patients, SMD 0.11, 95% CI: -0.46 to 0.69, p = 0.70) respectively. Conclusion The effects of surgery plus physiotherapy compared to physiotherapy alone on improving pain and function are too small to be clinically important at 3-, 6-months, 1-, 2-, 5- and \u3e= 10-years follow up
Compressive strength of tungsten mine waste- and metakaolinbased geopolymers
Neuro-fuzzy approach has been successfully applied to a wide range of civil engineering problems so far. However, this is limited for
geopolymeric specimens. In the present study, compressive strength of different types of geopolymers has been modeled by adaptive neuro-fuzzy
interfacial systems (ANFIS). The model was constructed by 395 experimental data collected from the literature and divided into 80% and 20% for
training and testing phases, respectively. Curing time, Ca(OH)2 content, NaOH concentration, mold type, aluminosilicate source and H2O/Na2O
molar ratio were independent input parameters in the proposed model. Absolute fraction of variance, absolute percentage error and root mean
square error of 0.94, 11.52 and 14.48, respectively in training phase and 0.92, 15.89 and 23.69, respectively in testing phase of the model were
achieved showing the relatively high accuracy of the proposed ANFIS model. By the obtained results, a comparative study was performed to
show the interaction of some selected factors on the compressive strength of the considered geopolymers. The discussions findings were in
accordance to the experimental studies and those results presented in the literature
Pathogenicity of viral nervous necrosis virus for Guppy fish, Poecilia reticulata
The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) with mean weight 0.47±0.09 g, at temperature 25ºC. The infectious dosage (50 ml) with TCID50/ml= 10^4.25 for 2 hours in group 1 and 4 hours in group 2 developed the disease with immersion method. Clear clinical signs associated with significant mortality were observed since 15 dpi. Cumulative mortalities rose to 100% at 30 dpi. While in the control group no mortality was recorded. Virus was re-isolated on SSN-1 cell line that showing typical CPE developed after inoculation with tissues filtrate from dead fish. Histopathological examination of exposed fish, showed clear vacuolization in the granular layer of the retina and cerebellum. TEM micrographs revealed intracytoplasmic vacuoles in the retina of infected Guppy. IHC revealed the presence of viral antigens in the brain and retina. These results confirmed the pathogenicity of the NNV isolate obtained from Golden grey mullet suffering high mortality with regard to suggest that the same agent isolated from golden grey mullet is very likely the cause of the mortality observed in the same species
Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Organik pada Lubang Resapan Biopori Modifikasi terhadap Kontribusi Ketersediaan Unsur Hara Bagi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit
The productivity of palm oil plantations are generally still low compared to the potential productivity of the land. Fertilization is an important factor in acheving high productivity, mainly to meet the requirement of nutrient avaibility. The research objective was to determine the avaibility of nutrient in oil palm leaves from the application of organic matter in modified biopore infiltration pit. This research was conducted in palm oil plantation PTPN 13 Pelaihari Tanah Laut,in 2013 and 2014. Sample collection were done by taking a leaf on the 17th oil palm midrib, which was taken using a purposively sampling spread system. The results showed a low level of nutrient content of nitrogen, potassium, and magnisium in plant leaf tissue in the palm oil plantation. Content of Phosfat in optimum level, and Calcium elements found in a state of excess
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