Effect of waste plaster of Paris on physical and mechanical properties of ceramic pottery body

Over the years, millions tonnes of waste plaster of Paris (POP) were generated and disposed in landfills or most of the time was dumped directly into the environment without any treatments, makes it as one of the environmental issues. Therefore, a new alternative is required to convert the wastes POP into useful materials and marketable to minimize the environmental impact. In the early stage, this study focused on the characterization of the raw material used through particle size analysis, thermal analysis, and identification of its purity. Then, the slip casting technique and standard American Society for Test and Materials (ASTM) was respectively used to fabricate and characterize all of the pottery samples. In the second stage, the ceramic pottery body was fabricated using different composition of waste POP, started from 0 wt.% until 12 wt.%. The samples obtained were analysed through viscosity test and its green body was observed. The results showed that the samples with compositions of 0 to 10 wt.% of waste POP were the only samples that can be used in this study. The analysis on the effects of particle sizes ranging from 25 to 73 μm and sintering temperatures ranging from 950 to 1050 °C on the physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated ceramic pottery body, respectively, were then determined in the third and fourth stage of this study. The physical properties were reported in terms of shrinkage, porosity, and density values; whereas, the mechanical properties were reported in terms of the value of modulus of rupture (MOR). The result showed that a dense and a high strength of ceramic pottery can be produced by using a finer size of particle of 25 μm and at a high sintering temperature of 1050 °C, based on the low porosity value, the high density value, MOR and also the controllable value of shrinkage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the waste POP can be successfully used as a filler to enhance the properties of ceramic pottery body

Effect of waste plaster of Paris on physical and mechanical properties of ceramic pottery body

Over the years, millions tonnes of waste plaster of Paris (POP) were generated and disposed in landfills or most of the time was dumped directly into the environment without any treatments, makes it as one of the environmental issues. Therefore, a new alternative is required to convert the wastes POP into useful materials and marketable to minimize the environmental impact. In the early stage, this study focused on the characterization of the raw material used through particle size analysis, thermal analysis, and identification of its purity. Then, the slip casting technique and standard American Society for Test and Materials (ASTM) was respectively used to fabricate and characterize all of the pottery samples. In the second stage, the ceramic pottery body was fabricated using different composition of waste POP, started from 0 wt.% until 12 wt.%. The samples obtained were analysed through viscosity test and its green body was observed. The results showed that the samples with compositions of 0 to 10 wt.% of waste POP were the only samples that can be used in this study. The analysis on the effects of particle sizes ranging from 25 to 73 μm and sintering temperatures ranging from 950 to 1050 °C on the physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated ceramic pottery body, respectively, were then determined in the third and fourth stage of this study. The physical properties were reported in terms of shrinkage, porosity, and density values; whereas, the mechanical properties were reported in terms of the value of modulus of rupture (MOR). The result showed that a dense and a high strength of ceramic pottery can be produced by using a finer size of particle of 25 μm and at a high sintering temperature of 1050 °C, based on the low porosity value, the high density value, MOR and also the controllable value of shrinkage. Therefore, it can be concluded that the waste POP can be successfully used as a filler to enhance the properties of ceramic pottery body

Aerodynamics of a swirling fluidized bed

Swirling Fluidized Bed (SFB) is one of the fluidized bed systems that have potential to be widely used in the mineral processing, power generation and chemical industries. By using an annular bed and inclined injection of gas through the distributor in SFB it will archive a high performance in fluidization. A numerical simulation Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and experimental work with Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been used to investigate physical parameters that influence the type of plenum chamber, the distributor pressure drop and the uniformity of tangential velocity distribution. The study focused on the 60 blades distributor whereby the effect of two horizontal inclinations (12° and 15°) and tangential entry plenum chamber (single, double and triple). Three velocities component were analyzed; tangential velocity, radial velocity and axial velocity. In actual industrial applications, the axial velocity will create fluidization while the tangential velocity provides swirling effect. The presence of radial velocity can be explained as a consequence of centrifugal force generated by the swirling gas. The tangential velocity is the major velocity component in this study and it represents the velocity of the swirling air in the annular region of the bed. The uniformity of tangential velocity distribution and pressure drop is set as performance criteria and has been analyzed with statistical method; mean value, standard deviation & root mean square of difference (RMSD). The most significant finding in simulation configuration is the pressure drop of the distributor blade increased when a triple tangential entry plenum chamber along with horizontal inclination 15° has been applied which then create high tangential velocity. Only parameter for double tangential entry plenum chamber consists with horizontal inclination, 12° has been selected to validate with the PIV result. Comparison of the simulation result (CFD) and experimental data (PIV) are presented, and it is confirmed that good agreement is obtained

Factors influencing project delay: a case study of the vale malaysia minerals project (VMMP)

Delays are one of the biggest problems faced by the construction industry. Delays in construction projects have significant financial and social impact to parties involved in the projects. The main objective of this study is to explore the causes of delay in the Vale Malaysia Minerals Project (VMMP) in Lumut, Perak. This study was conducted by using a qualitative approach. A series of face to face interviews were conducted with an expert from the construction organization and VMMP staff. Responses were analysed qualitatively using content analysis. The results revealed that several factors contribute to the delay in VMMP completion, i.e. poor communication, delays in material delivery, and poor management on site, etc. Time and cost overrun were the effect of delays in the construction project. The findings of this study will help project managers and/ or the client to take necessary actions and to use of supply chain management techniques to avoid further delays in future project completion on construction project

Development of PID voltage control for DC motor using arduino

This project focuses on the design and implementation of PID voltage control for DC motor. DC motor is a machine that widely used due to excellence speed control for acceleration and deceleration with effective and simple torque control. The PID controller is employed to control the output voltage of three phase controlled rectifier to run a DC motor as a load. The function of this PID controller is to correct the error in order to achieve the target value of desired voltage. The modelling, control and simulation of this project has been implemented using MATLAB/Simulink Software version 2013a. The Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signals generated from MATLAB/Simulink model will be downloaded into Arduino microcontroller. Arduino microcontroller board is an interfacing device between MATLAB/Simulink model and actual hardware. The PWM signals from Arduino will step up using gate driver and then will be sent to power MOSFET gates for triggering rectifier. The output produced from this controlled rectifier is in DC form. The open loop and closed loop simulations analyses for PID control voltage were successfully conducted. Results show that the error of voltage for closed loop is lower compared than open loop. Furthermore, hardware has been setup to verify the MATLAB/Simulink model. From here, the speed of DC motor is increased as the controlled output voltage is increased. This project contributes to the efficiency and robustness of controlling output voltage for DC motor being used in industry based on PID controller rather than using conventional method like rheostat armature control and direct on line (DOL) starter

Managerial Performance-Based Education and Training in South Sulawesi

The purpose of this study to analysis the effect of training service toward performance of managerial, to analysis the effect of training service toward organization governance, and analysis indirect effect the training service through performance of managerial toward organization governance on BPSDM South Sulawesi Province. The research applied on BPSDM South Sulawesi Province with population as amount 583 employees and samples as amount 237 respondent through Slovin formulation. Data from questioner to analysis with path analysis. The result of research with path analysis obtained: the first, implementation of training service have effected toward organization governance in BPSDM. The second, the practice performance of managerial not yet to support the implementation of training service in effect toward organization governance in BPSDM. The result of test showed that the training service have positive and significant toward organization governance. That meaning the implementation of training service, so can to increase the organization governance. better of implementation the training service so the organization governance in BPSDM South Sulawesi Province more increase it