Workshop "Aspectos teóricos del parasitismo: causas y procesos de la relación"

El 19 y 20 de marzo de 2015, en el Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores (CEPAVE, CONICET-FCNyM, UNLP) se desarrolló este Workshop auspiciado por la Asociación Parasitológica Argentina (APA) y con el apoyo económico de CONICET. El objetivo del encuentro fue compartir los resultados de proyectos y de trabajos grupales e individuales sobre especificidad hospedatoria, planteando una actualización de los aspectos epistemológicos en los modelos parásito-hospedador explorados en los últimos años en Argentina y en el mundo.Asociación Parasitológica ArgentinaCentro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Manejo integrado de plagas en el Cinturón Hortícola Platense

El Laboratorio de Ecología de Plagas y Control Biológico del CEPAVE realiza investigación científica para el manejo de plagas en distintos sistemas productivos, entre ellos en el Cinturón Hortícola Platense (Buenos Aires), con énfasis en el control biológico por medio de la acción de enemigos naturales – en este caso agentes de control biológico – nativos o de presencia espontánea. Es decir, se hace hincapié en el aprovechamiento de los recursos naturales propios de la región. Los estudios abordan la ecología de insectos y ácaros plaga, así como de sus enemigos naturales: ciclos de vida, demografía, efectividad de control, desempeño sobre distintas plantas, variaciones poblacionales, interacciones entre agentes. La finalidad de estas investigaciones es conocer más acerca de las principales plagas en los cultivos hortícolas y desarrollar programas de CB mediante depredadores (Figura 2.A) y parasitoides nativos o establecidos. Se pretende mejorar el manejo sanitario de la producción en estos cultivos, contribuyendo con alternativas para reducir el uso de plaguicidas químicos en el contexto del MIP.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Primer registro de Stegophorus diomedeae (Nematoda: Acuariidae) parásito del albatros de ceja negra, en el Mar Argentino

Stegophorus diomedeae (Johnston y Mawson, 1942) fue originalmente descripta a partir de ejemplares obtenidos de los albatros Diomedea exulans Linnaeus, 1758, D. melanophris Temminck, 1828 y D. chrysostoma Forster, 1785 (Procellariformes, Diomedeidae), recolectados en Australia (Johnston y Mawson, 1942, Trans. Roy. Soc. S. A., 61: 66-70). En 1967, de Oliveira-Rodrigues y Machado de MendoÁa (Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, 65: 115-147) registraron y redescribieron esta especie, par·sito de D. melanophris en el estado de RÌo de Janeiro, Brasil. Posteriormente, Foster et al. (1996, J. Helminthol. Soc. Wash., 63: 83-88) registraron la presencia de S. diomedeae en el petrel pardo Puffinus gravis (OíReilly, 1818) (Procellariformes, Procellariidae) en las costas de Florida, Estados Unidos.Fil: Cremonte, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Julia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Navone, Graciela Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentin

Endoparasite community of Rattus norvegicus captured in a shantytown of Buenos Aires City, Argentina

Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a potential reservoir of zoonotic parasites in an urban area of Argentina. A parasitological survey in 40 brown rats trapped in a shantytown of Buenos Aires City was carried out. 97. 5 % of the analyzed rats were parasitized with at least one of the 12 species of helminth or protozoan species recorded. Among the species identified, Hymenolepis nana is recognized as one of the most common human helminthes parasites. The average number of parasite species was higher in males than females rats, and in the last case, a direct relationship between parasite species richness and host's body size was recorded. Variations in endoparasite community throughout the year seasons were recorded, probably related to environmental factors, which limits the performance of the life cycle of different parasite species. The presence of zoonotic endoparasites confirms R. norvegicus as a reservoir for different types of pathologies, which, therefore, represents a risk to the public health in an overcrowded urban area.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

A cross-sectional study of intestinal parasitoses in dogs and children of the periurban area of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina): zoonotic importance and implications in public health

A cross-sectional study was performed between school term dates 2014 and 2015 to diagnose intestinal parasites in dogs and children living with them. The socio-environmental characteristics and hygiene practices of the children were also evaluated in terms of risk factors for parasitic infection of periurban neighbourhoods of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). Serial coproparasitological samples of 78 dogs and 211 children were analysed by means of concentration and flotation techniques. Socio-environmental variables and hygiene practices of children were evaluated through semi-structured questionnaires which were answered by every family. The study showed that 82.1% of dogs were parasitized. The specific richness was of 11 species; Ancylostoma caninum (69.2%), Uncinaria stenocephala (41.0%), Trichuris vulpis (28.2%) and Toxocara canis (21.8%) were the most prevalent. The study also revealed that 67.8% of children were positive. Also, 11 species were identified and the most prevalent were Blastocystis sp. (36.0%), Enterobius vermicularis (27.5%) and Giardia lamblia (21.3%). The risk for parasitosis was higher in 6-year- old children and older (OR = 1.9, 95% IC: 1.0–3.7) and in those who did not wash their hands or did it occasionally after playing with their pets (OR = 2.8, 95% IC: 1.4–5.5). Blastocystis sp. and Entamoeba coli infection risks were greater in children whose parents had a basic level of education (OR = 3.4, 95% IC: 1.3–8.7 and OR = 3.6, 95% IC: 0.8–15.9, respectively). In addition, the risk of infection for E. coli was higher in children who lived in floodable houses (OR = 4.4, 95% IC: 0.9–16.6). Likewise, the risk of infection for E. vermicularis was greater in children with onychophagia (OR = 1.6, 95% IC: 0.7–3.7) and in 6 year olds and older whose parents completed only primary studies (OR = 3.6, 95% IC: 1.4– 9.1). The results obtained show the existence of a worrying epidemiological scenario that stresses the importance of zoonotic parasitosis as a serious problem of public health.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Species of Contracaecum Parasitizing the Magellanic Penguin Spheniscus magellanicus (Spheniscidae) from the Argentinean Coast

Anisakid nematodes have a worldwide distribution and are associated with fishes, birds, and marine mammals from freshwater, brackish, and marine systems. The aims of this work are to report for the first time Contracaecum mirounga parasitizing the Magellanic penguin Spheniscus magellanicus, to report another Contracaecum species in the same host species, and to discuss the validity of Contracaeceum spheniscus. Several dead chicks, juveniles, and adults of S. magellanicus were collected along the Argentinean coast from 2002 to 2009. Nematodes were removed from digestive tracts and studied using both light and scanning electron microscopy. Nematode prevalences were 2.38% for C. mirounga and 12.5% for Contracaecum sp. Contracaecum mirounga was found in 1 penguin from Península Valdés, Chubut. This species is known as a specific parasite of marine mammals such as Pinnipedia, thereby suggesting that this nematode is not as specific as believed. Another species of Contracaecum sp. was found parasitizing 1 penguin from the Río de la Plata coast. It possessed an unusual interlabial morphology and arrangement of male caudal papillae. Despite the low prevalence, the distinct morphological features are convincing and support the presence of a new Contracaecum species. However, a formal description is not presented because sufficient male specimens are lacking. Finally, C. spheniscus is considered a junior synonym of Contracaecum pelagicum. Future molecular studies might be helpful to determine the real diversity of Contracaecum species parasitizing S. magellanicus considering the number of sibling species recognized among the anisakids.Fil: Garbin, Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Zoología de Vertebrados. Sección Ornitología; ArgentinaFil: Diaz, Julia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; ArgentinaFil: Navone, Graciela Teresa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectores; Argentin

The Genus Guerrerostrongylus (Nematoda: Heligmonellidae) in Cricetid Rodents from the Atlantic Rain Forest of Misiones, Argentina: Emended Description of Guerrerostrongylus zetta (Travassos, 1937) and Description of a New Species

Fil: Digiani, María Celina. División Zoología Invertebrados. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Notarnicola, Juliana. Centro de Estudios en Parasitología y Vectores (CEPAVE). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Navone, Graciela Teresa. Centro de Estudios en Parasitología y Vectores (CEPAVE). Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata; Argentin

Enteromonas hominis (parásito intestinal no patógeno)

Enteromonas hominis es un flagelado no patógeno, parásito del intestino grueso. La prevalencia en Argentina es baja, sin embargo, su presencia no debe subestimarse debido a que se trata de una especie indicadora de contaminación fecal del ambiente.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Endoparasite community of Rattus norvegicus captured in a shantytown of Buenos Aires City, Argentina

Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of the brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a potential reservoir of zoonotic parasites in an urban area of Argentina. A parasitological survey in 40 brown rats trapped in a shantytown of Buenos Aires City was carried out. 97. 5 % of the analyzed rats were parasitized with at least one of the 12 species of helminth or protozoan species recorded. Among the species identified, Hymenolepis nana is recognized as one of the most common human helminthes parasites. The average number of parasite species was higher in males than females rats, and in the last case, a direct relationship between parasite species richness and host's body size was recorded. Variations in endoparasite community throughout the year seasons were recorded, probably related to environmental factors, which limits the performance of the life cycle of different parasite species. The presence of zoonotic endoparasites confirms R. norvegicus as a reservoir for different types of pathologies, which, therefore, represents a risk to the public health in an overcrowded urban area.Centro de Estudios Parasitológicos y de Vectore

Entamoeba coli (parásito intestinal no patógeno)

Entamoeba coli es una ameba no patógena, parásito comensal del intestino grueso. Su diagnóstico sirve como indicador de contaminación fecal del ambiente. Durante el diagnóstico parasitológico es posible observar quistes inmaduros que pueden asemejarse a los quistes de E. histolytica (especie parásita patógena). Como se trata de especies de diferente patogenicidad, se debe tener en cuenta un conjunto de características morfológicas y técnicas a emplear para una correcta diferenciación.Facultad de Ciencias VeterinariasFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse