Herbarium specimen image of Cyanotis ciliata (Blume) Bakh.f., part of the collection of Naturalis Biodiversity Center

Part of a training dataset of scanned herbarium specimens. The data paper and a summary landing page will be published on Zenodo as it gets published.Content of this deposition:- A JSON-LD datafile listing the label data associated with this herbarium specimen. The Darwin and Dublin Core data standards are used for most values.- A JPEG image file of the scanned herbarium sheet

Herbarium specimen image of Disporum cantoniense Merr., part of the collection of Naturalis Biodiversity Center

Part of a training dataset of scanned herbarium specimens. The data paper and a summary landing page will be published on Zenodo as it gets published.Content of this deposition:- A JSON-LD datafile listing the label data associated with this herbarium specimen. The Darwin and Dublin Core data standards are used for most values.- A JPEG image file of the scanned herbarium sheet

Herbarium specimen image of Pericampylus glaucus Merr., part of the collection of Naturalis Biodiversity Center

Part of a training dataset of scanned herbarium specimens. The data paper and a summary landing page will be published on Zenodo as it gets published.Content of this deposition:- A JSON-LD datafile listing the label data associated with this herbarium specimen. The Darwin and Dublin Core data standards are used for most values.- A JPEG image file of the scanned herbarium sheet.- Two PNG files containing segmented image overlays of the scanned herbarium sheet. The _all extension indicates that all labels, color charts and pieces of text have received a different color against a black background color. The _sel extension indicates that these elements are white if they're barcode labels, yellow if they're color charts and red if they're anything else

Morphological diversity in the foraminiferal genus Marginopora

Benthic foraminifera, and certainly symbiont-bearing (large) benthic foraminifera are generally considered to have large geographic ranges in combination with significant ecomorphological variation. With the advance of molecular phylogenetic approaches, supported or preceded by detailed morphological studies, it was demonstrated that this view needs to be reevaluated. Following a publication interpreting the morphological and molecular diversity of Marginopora from the Great Barrier Reef as a single species, I here describe the morphology of five Marginopora populations from around the Coral Sea. I argue that ecomorphological and ontogenetic variation is smaller than geographic variation in morphology. This forms the basis for the description of three new species, M. charlottensis, M. orpheusensis, and M. santoensis. I argue that the diversity of this genus is underestimated, and that there are at least five species in the Coral Sea area alone. This dataset contains the CT-scans of the five species and eight populations of Marginopora included in this study. **ATTENTION: The data presented in this page is a representative collection of CT-scans available for direct download. The rest of the CT-scans are available open-access but will be sent through an external file sender server. To obtain this images please contact [email protected]*

Annotated catalogue of the types of Triphoridae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin, with lectotype designations

Triphoridae is a family of marine caenogastropods with worldwide distribution. Its maximum diversity is in the Indo-Pacific province, where it is among the five most species-rich families. Taxonomic knowledge is scant and complicated by the high diversity and intra-specific variability. Knowledge of type specimens of described taxa is the fundamental first step for a taxonomic revision of the family. The Museum für Naturkunde hosts one of the most significant triphorid collections, which includes material described by W. Dunker, L. Pfeiffer, J. Thiele and E. von Martens. Type material of 29 species is described and illustrated; where appropriate, lectotypes have been designated to stabilize nomenclature. The specimens of one species, Triforis delicatula Thiele, do not fully match the original description and we refrain from selecting a lectotype, although we profusely illustrate them. Although not type material, specimens of Triforis tricincta Dunker have been included in this work to contribute to the knowledge on Dunker’s species. For all species, the original descriptions in German or Latin are reported, with a full translation into English, and remarks have been added where appropriate.© 2016 Paolo Albano, Piet A.J. Bakke

The true Boerhaave herbarium an Analysis of the Specimens of Herman Boerhaave contained in the Van Royen Collection at Naturalis Leiden

Verification of specimens attributed to Herman Boerhaav

Data for: Can we ignore trait-dependent colonization and diversification in island biogeography?

The application of state-dependent speciation and extinction (SSE) models to phylogenetic trees has shown an important role for traits in diversification. However, this role remains comparatively unexplored on islands, which can include multiple independent clades resulting from different colonization events. To explore whether assuming no dependence on traits leads to bias in inference on island dynamics, we extend an island biodiversity model, DAISIE (Dynamic Assembly of Islands through Speciation, Immigration and Extinction) to include trait-dependent diversification simulations, and evaluate the robustness of the inference model which ignores this trait-dependence. Our results indicate that when the differences between colonization, extinction and speciation rates between trait states are moderate, the model shows negligible error for a variety of island diversity metrics, suggesting that island diversity dynamics can be accurately estimated without the need to explicitly model trait dependence. We conclude that for many biologically realistic scenarios with trait-dependent diversification and colonization, this simple trait-less inference model is informative and robust to trait effects on colonization, speciation and extinction. Nonetheless, our new simulation model may provide a useful tool for studying patterns of trait variation

Supplementary data: Conchological and molecular analysis of the "non-scaly" Bornean Georissa with descriptions of three new species (Gastropoda, Neritimorpha, Hydrocenidae)

The Bornean representatives of the genus Georissa (Hydrocenidae) have small, dextral, conical, calcareous shells consisting of ca. three teleoconch whorls. Our recent study on the Georissa of Malaysian Borneo has revealed high intra- and inter-specific variation in the “scaly” group (a group of species with striking scale-like surface sculpture). The present study on the “non-scaly” Georissa is the continuation of the species revision for the genus. The “non-scaly” species are also diverse in shell sculptures. This informal group comprises Georissa with subtle spiral and/or radial sculpture. The combination of detailed conchological assessment and molecular analyses provides clear distinctions for each of the species. Conchological, molecular, and biogeographic details are presented for 16 species of “non-scaly” Georissa. Three of these are new to science, namely Georissa corrugata sp. n., Georissa insulae sp. n., and Georissa trusmadi sp. n

The origin and diversity of Drilus Olivier, 1790 (Elateridae: Agrypninae: Drilini) in Crete based on mitochondrial phylogeny

We investigated the phylogeography and speciation of Drilus in the Mediterranean, with focus on the Aegean and especially Crete. Altogether 12 species were sequenced for two fragments of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (cox1–3′ and cox1–5′ mtDNA) and provided 1381 nucleotides. Both fragments were analysed under the maximum likelihood criterion and Bayesian inference separately and concatenated as a single dataset. The Drilus species from the Peloponnese, the Ionian islands and Crete did not form a monophylum. Drilus sp. E from the Peloponnese and Zakynthos was sister to D. mauritanicus Lucas from Spain in most cases. The remaining Greek Drilus species formed a robustly supported clade in all analyses; however, the species from Crete do not seem to be monophyletic. Estimating species divergences using BEAST, we found out that the key dates in the west Aegean Drilus phylogeography appeared to be the Tortonian Crete–Peloponnese separation (12–9 Mya), the desiccation of the Mediterranean basin during the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.96–5.33 Mya), and the repeated fragmentation of Crete during the Pliocene and Pleistocene. Within the Drilus lineages, we obtained a substitution rate estimate of 2.75% divergence per million years, which is in excellent agreement with previous studies. A Generalized Mixed Yule Coalescent (GMYC) analysis suggested the presence of six Drilus species in Crete (seven species in total, since the DNA sequences were not available for D. creticus Pic); however, we formally identified and (re)described only four which can be morphologically defined: D. creticus, D. longulus Kiesenwetter, D. horasfakionus sp. nov. and D. baenai sp. nov. These species are endemic to Crete and surrounding islets. Their diagnostic characters are illustrated and an identification key to males of these species is provided. The intraspecific variability, distribution and ecology of all species are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8DDBCC1-C2D1-48F7-BE99-55D9ED4C223