2002 Water Quality Inventory Stream Flow Types and Information Used to Determine the Dissolved Oxygen Criteria

This document shows how Waller Creek compares to other Texas water bodies in metrics used to determine dissolved oxygen.Waller Creek Working Grou

Belgian national climate change adaptation strategy

Climate change is a reality. Furthermore, as a result of human activity, the climate will continue to change for the coming decades. Climate change will have a profound impact on the way we live our lives. To keep this impact bearable, we need both to mitigate and adapt.The precise change in climate is difficult to predict, especially on a smaller geographical scale like Belgium. Belgian research in this field will continue. Nevertheless, national and international research reveals several future challenges for Belgium. The most obvious are sea level rise and inundations which will affect the coastal and lower areas and droughts and heat waves which will affect the forests in the southern part of the country.In Belgium a substantial part of the necessary adaptation to the climate change has already been initiated from the bottom up. Both on local level as on sector specific level, the sense of urgency has inspired many people to take action in fields as diverse as health, tourism, agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, ecosystems, water, coastal, marine and tidal areas, production systems and physical infrastructure. To cope with the climatic changes, they started to construct monitoring schemes, to build physical barriers and to induce changes in people’s behaviour. For these areas a quick overview of the effects of climate change and the adaptation measures already taken, have been included. It is interesting to note that the actions in these fields are not only based on the defence against threats, but also on finding new possibilities and capitalising on favourable changes.Belgium now faces the challenge to further extend the scope of adaptation in order to cover all areas influenced by climate change. This holds especially for aspects which fall between the classic policy areas. Extensive linkages between the different policy areas and their adaptation efforts could lead to synergies and could further avoid maladaptation. This will ultimately lead to a more complete and coherent adaptation policy. In order to further facilitate adaptation (from a policy point of view) a set of principles, an outline and a roadmap have been identified that describe a route to a future and comprehensive national adaptation plan

What Makes Some People Think Astrology Is Scientific?

Citizens in both North America and Europe are apt to read horoscope columns in newspapers and magazines. While some people read these casually and purely for entertainment, some believe that astrology has scientific status and can provide real insight into events and personality. Using data from a European survey, this article explores some of the reasons why some people think that astrology is scientific and how astrology is viewed in relation to other knowledge-producing practices. Three hypotheses in particular are tested. The first is that some Europeans lack the necessary scientific literacy to distinguish science from pseudoscience. The second is that people are confused about what astrology actually is. The third is derived from Adorno’s work on authoritarianism and the occult and postulates that those who adhere to authoritarian values are more likely to believe in astrological claims. Support is found for all three hypotheses. </jats:p

Franciscan National Marian Institute 1963: Mary and Church Unity

The conference program of the 1963 Franciscan National Marian Institute held in Boston, Massachusetts, including presentations, discussion, Mass, and music as well as letters from Franciscan leaders and Archbishop Cushing of Boston

The restructuring and privatisation of British Rail: Was it really that bad?

This paper uses a social cost-benefit analysis (SCBA) framework to assess whether rail privatisation in Britain has produced savings in operating costs. The paper shows that major efficiencies have been achieved, consumers have benefited through lower prices, whilst the increased government subsidy has been largely recouped through privatisation proceeds. We also find that output quality is no lower (and is probably better) than under the counterfactual scenario of public ownership (pre-Hatfield). The achievement of further savings is key to delivering improved rail services in the future. This paper finds that a privatised structure, where shareholders demand a return on their investment, has led to significant improvements in operating efficiency - it remains to be seen whether the new regime, with a not-for-profit infrastructure owner, will deliver the same efficiency improvements

Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey\ud 2007-08\ud

HIV/AIDS, Malaria, Tanzania, anti malaria, Treatmen

Reservoirs of Opportunity. Report of the National Recreation Lakes Study Commission

Based on its findings, the Commission draws these conclusions about the status of recreation at federal manmade lakes, and about the difficulties of providing water-related recreation to the public. 1. Federal lake recreation is a significant national resource and public benefit of federal water projects, and it makes important contributions to local, state, and national economies. 2. Recreation at federal lakes has not been treated as a priority, or often even an equal, with other reservoir uses, despite its stature as an authorized purpose. This is manifested in often inflexible water management for recreational purposes, in lack of public communication about changes in water levels for other purposes, and in failure to provide and maintain the facilities and services needed to meet public demand for recreation at federal lakes. 3. Recreation management at federal lakes has suffered from lack of unifying policy direction and leadership, as well as insufficient interagency and intergovernmental planning and coordination. 4. Recreation facilities at most federal lakes are inadequately maintained and insufficient for current levels of public use. Funds are not available to correct an $800 million maintenance backlog, nor to construct and operate new facilities. 5. Federal recreation user fee practices are not particularly successful as a revenue generator. The Fee Demonstration Program appears to provide a model for greater success in producing fee revenue. 6. Meeting current and future demands for lake-related recreation, with or without increased appropriations, will require smart, flexible, visionary management and better ways of doing things. 7. The value of providing recreation services through local partners underscores the need to expand and improve development and operating partnerships with state and local governments and with private businesses. 8. Inconsistent concessionaire policies across lake management agencies do a disservice to the public, which benefits when concessionaires have the conditions to succeed. 9. Agency policies against cost sharing with state and local government partners are unwise. Cost sharing in the operation and maintenance of facilities operated by local jurisdictions would be cheaper for the federal government in the long run and in the best interest of the public. 10. There is ample justification and precedent to integrate reservoir water management, particularly drawdowns and flow levels, to serve recreation and environmental purposes. This can be done while still achieving the intent of Congressional authorizations. 11. Clean water is critical to lake recreation as well as lake health. The Commission endorses the total watershed approach to clean water and the Environmental Protection Agency\u27s expressed commitment to give increased emphasis to clean lakes under the Clean Water Act. 12. The concept of a national recreation lake system has merit, but such a system should not be created before it can be tested through a smaller scale demonstration program. Recommendations Commission recommendations are presented in a framework of five overarching themes: Make recreation a higher priority at federal lakes. Energize and focus federal lake recreation leadership. Advance federal lake recreation through demonstration and reinvention. Create an environment for success in federal lake recreation management. Identify and close the gap between recreation needs and services