ICF International, (ICFI)

National Bureau of Statistics, (NBS)

Tanzania Commission for AIDS, (TACAIDS)

English

Digital Library of the Tanzania Health Community

The 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey 
(THMIS) measured HIV prevalence and assessed HIV/AIDS 
knowledge, attitudes and behaviours.
HIV prevalence ranges from a low of less than 1%  in Pemba 
and 1.2% in Unguja to a high of 14.8% in Njombe region.
HIV prevalence is higher among women (6.2%) than among 
men (3.8%). Tanzanians living in urban areas are more likely 
to be HIV-positive than those living in rural areas (7.2% versus 
4.3%).
HIV prevalence is highest among women and men who are 
widowed and divorced/separated. Women and men who have 
never been married are least likely to be HIV-positive.  
Among both men and women, HIV prevalence generally 
increases with age.  Women have a higher HIV prevalence 
than men at each age group.
Overall, 5.1% of Tanzanians age 15-49 are HIV-positive.  HIV 
prevalence among women and men has decreased from 5.7% 
in the 2007-08 THMIS to 5.1% in the 2011-12 THMIS. 
0
2
4
6
8
10
15-19 20-24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49
Women
Men
HIV Prevalence by Age
P
e
r
c
e
n
t
Age
12
HIV Prevalence by Region
Percent of women and men age 15-49 
who are HIV-positive
Tanzania
5.1%
Unguja
1.2%
Kagera
4.8%
Mara
4.5%
Simiyu
3.6%
Mwanza
4.2% Geita
4.7%Shinyanga
7.4%
Tabora
5.1%
Kigoma
3.4%
Katavi
5.9%
Rukwa
6.2% Mbeya
9.0%
Singida
3.3%Dodoma
2.9%
Manyara
1.5%
Arusha
3.2% Kilimanjaro
3.8%
Tanga
2.4%
Morogoro
3.8% Pwani
5.9%
Iringa
9.1%
Njombe
14.8%
Lindi
2.9%
Ruvuma
7.0% Mtwara
4.1%
Dar es Salaam
6.9%
Pemba
0.3%
Urban
HIV Prevalence by Residence
Percent HIV-positive, women and men age 15-49
Women
15-49 
Men
15-49 
Tanzania total
Total
15-49
Rural
6.2
3.4 3.8
7.2
5.1
8.9
5.2 4.3 5.1
Among couples where both partners were tested for 
HIV, 5% were discordant, which means one partner is 
HIV-positive and the other is not.
HIV Prevalence by Marital Status
3.3 1.2
5.2 5.4
15.2
8.9
Women 15-49 Men 15-49
Never
married
Married/
living together
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Percent HIV-positive
24.7
(27.9)
Figures in parentheses are based on 25-49 unweighted cases.
Total
15-49
Women
15-49
Men
15-49
Trends in HIV Prevalence in Tanzania
(Mainland and Zanzibar Combined)
5.7 5.1 4.6 3.8
6.6 6.2
Percent HIV-positive
2007-08 THMIS 2011-12 THMIS
Results from the 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey
2003-04 THIS
Trends in HIV Prevalence in Mainland Tanzania
(Zanzibar Excluded)
Percent HIV-positive
Women
15-49 
Men
15-49 
2011-12 THMIS
Total
15-49
2007-08 THMIS
6.3
4.7 3.9
7.0 6.8 7.7
6.3 5.8 5.3
In Mainland Tanzania, HIV prevalence among women and men 
age 15-49 has decreased from 7.0% in the 2003-04 THIS to 
5.3% in the 2011-12 THMIS. The decline in total HIV prevalence 
between 2003-04 and 2011-12 is statistically significant (7.0% 
versus 5.3%).  Additionally, the decline is significant among 
men (6.3% versus 3.9%). Response rates and methodology: HIV prevalence data were obtained from 
blood samples voluntarily provided by women and men who were interviewed 
in the 2011-12 THMIS. Of the 20,811 eligible women and men age 15-49, 85% 
provided specimens for HIV testing.
For  more  information  on  the  results  of  the  2011-12  Tanzania           
HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey, please contact: 
The 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey 
(THMIS) was implemented by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) 
in collaboration with the Office of the Chief Government Statistician 
(OCGS-Zanzibar) from December 16, 2011 to May 24, 2012.  The 
Tanzania Commision for AIDS (TACAIDS) and the Zanzibar AIDS 
Commission (ZAC) authorised the survey.  Funding for the survey was 
provided by the United States Agency for International Development 
(USAID), the Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS), and the 
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare (MoHSW).  ICF International 
supported the survey through the MEASURE DHS project, a USAID-
funded programme providing support, technical assistance, and funding 
for population and health surveys in countries worldwide.
In USA:
ICF International 
11785 Beltsville Drive
Calverton, MD 20705 USA 
Telephone: 301-572-0200;  Fax: 301-572-0999 
www.measuredhs.com
www.statcompiler.com
In Tanzania:
Tanzania Commission for AIDS (TACAIDS)
P.O. Box 76987, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
Telephone: 255.22.212.2651; Fax: 255.22.212.2427
www.tacaids.go.tz
National Bureau of Statistics (NBS)
P.O. Box 796, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania 
Telephone:  255.22.212.2722; Fax:  255.22.213.0852 
www.nbs.go.tz
TANZANIANS AND AMERICANS
IN PARTNERSHIP TO FIGHT HIV/AIDS
HIV testing and counselling has increased tremendously; 
currently, 62% of women and 47% of men age 15-49 have ever 
been tested for HIV and received their results, compared with 
just 37% of women and 27% of men in 2007-08.
Male circumcision is common in Tanzania with 72% of 
men age 15-49 report having been circumcised.  HIV 
prevalence is 3.3% among circumcised men and 5.2% 
among uncircumcised men.
HIV Testing and Counselling
37
62
27
47
2011-12 THMIS 2007-08 THMIS
Women
15-49
Percent ever tested and received results
Men
15-49
2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS 
and Malaria Indicator Survey 
(THMIS)
Prevalence of HIV
HIV Prevalence among Youth
Percent  of women and men age 15-24 HIV-positive
15-17 18-19 20-22 23-24
Women Men
1.1 0.6
1.5 1.1
3.0
1.2
6.6
2.8
Age
Overall, 2.0% of young women and men age 15-24 are HIV-
positive. HIV prevalence among young women is higher than 
among young men, particularly for youth age 23-24 where 
women are more than twice as likely to be infected as men 
(6.6% versus 2.8%). 

Results from the 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey

http://ihi.eprints.org/1315/1/THMIS_2011_12_HIV_factsheet_sum._II.pdf

Results from the 2011-12 Tanzania HIV/AIDS and Malaria Indicator Survey

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