45 research outputs found
Sartre's Postcartesian Ontology: On Negation and Existence
This article maintains that Jean-Paul Sartre’s early masterwork, Being and
Nothingness, is primarily concerned with developing an original approach to
the being of consciousness. Sartre’s ontology resituates the Cartesian cogito
in a complete system that provides a new understanding of negation and a
dynamic interpretation of human existence. The article examines the role of
consciousness, temporality and the relationship between self and others in the
light of Sartre’s arguments against “classical” rationalism. The conclusion suggests
that Sartre’s departure from modern foundationalism has “postmodern”
implications that emerge in the areas of ontology, existential analytics and the
ethics of human freedom
Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements
Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements
Diving into the vertical dimension of elasmobranch movement ecology
Knowledge of the three-dimensional movement patterns of elasmobranchs is vital to understand their ecological roles and exposure to anthropogenic pressures. To date, comparative studies among species at global scales have mostly focused on horizontal movements. Our study addresses the knowledge gap of vertical movements by compiling the first global synthesis of vertical habitat use by elasmobranchs from data obtained by deployment of 989 biotelemetry tags on 38 elasmobranch species. Elasmobranchs displayed high intra- and interspecific variability in vertical movement patterns. Substantial vertical overlap was observed for many epipelagic elasmobranchs, indicating an increased likelihood to display spatial overlap, biologically interact, and share similar risk to anthropogenic threats that vary on a vertical gradient. We highlight the critical next steps toward incorporating vertical movement into global management and monitoring strategies for elasmobranchs, emphasizing the need to address geographic and taxonomic biases in deployments and to concurrently consider both horizontal and vertical movements
A CRITIQUE OF JEAN-PAUL SARTRE\u27S ONTOLOGY
CONTENTS
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ............................................................ vi
INTRODUCTION ........................................... 1
PART 1: EXPOSITION
CHAPTER I: THE SEARCH FOR BEING.................... 19
1. What is Being?......................................................................... 21
2. What is the Relation of Consciousness to Being?.......................... 21
3. What is the Relation of Temporality to Being?........................... 23
4. What is the Relation of Nothingness to Being?............................ 26
CHAPTER II: THE OTHER ................................... 31
1. Three Theories of the Other............................. 31
a. Husserl .......................................................................................... 31
b. Hegel ............................................................................................ 32
c. Heidegger .................................................................................... 33
2. The Look .............................................................................................. 34
3. The Body .............................................................................................. 36
4. Attitudes Toward the Other:............................................................ 42
a. Love .............................................................................................. 42
b. Language ................................................................... 43
c. Masochism .................................................................................... 43
d. Indifference .............................................................................. 44
e. Desire ............................................. ........ ......... .............................. 44
f. Sadism....................................... ..................................................... 45
g. Hate ................................................................................................ 46
5. Being-With (Mit-sein) ........................................................................ 4