«Мыс Бурхан». Конкурс концепций обустройства парка природы и прилегающих территорий

The article tells about the ideas competition for development of the Burkhan Cape territory in Olkhon district, the Irkutsk region. The peculiarity of this competition is that the participants were invited to demonstrate not only their professional skills, but also their ecological point of view: the project should include the solutions for preservation and revitalization of the nature of Burkhan Cape, as well as the arrangement of tourist flows aimed at decreasing anthropogenic load on the territory with due regard to the ethnic and religious peculiarities of the territory.Рассказывается о проведении конкурса проектов обустройства территории мыса Бурхан в Ольхонском районе Иркутской области. Особенность конкурса в том, что его участникам предлагалось не только проявить себя с профессиональной стороны, но и продемонстрировать экологическое видение: проект должен включать в себя решения по сохранению и восстановлению природы мыса Бурхан, распределению туристических потоков с целью снижения антропогенной нагрузки на территорию с учетом этнических и религиозных особенностей территории

Production of biodiesel fuel from vegetable raw materials

One way to reduce the amount of harmful emissions from diesel fuel could be the replacement of part of the fuel with biofuel. Research is related to the production of biodiesel fuel in three ways: transesterification of vegetable oils; esterification of fat acids extracted from vegetable oil; and hydroprocessing of vegetable oils using catalysts in the diesel hydrotreatment process. Food and non-food oils, monatomic and diatomic alcohols were used to produce biodiesel fuel. Optimal parameters of vegetable oil transesterification have been determined: temperature; raw material ratio (oil/alcohol); mixing speed; time; type of process catalyst. The characteristics of the obtained biodiesel fuel samples were studied and compared with each other as well as with the requirements of EN 14214 “Automotive fuels. Fat acid methyl ethers for diesel engines. General technical requirements” and EN 590:2009 “EURO diesel fuel. Technical specifications”. With regard to the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel fuel, the best way to produce it is by transesterification of vegetable oils. However, all fuels can be used as components of a blended environmentally friendly diesel fuel

Approaches to Information Measurement of the Structure State of Technical Systems

Opportunities of application of the approaches of known scientists to the information measurement are analyzed. The structure of a technical system is proposed as the object of measurement. This structure is characterized by the amount of system elements, possible number and probabilities of its states. Classical mathematical expressions of information theory are presented and the possibilities of their application for determining the information amount and information entropy are established. The issues of accumulation, removal of uncertainty and regulations of the variety of information with reference to considering structures of system are touched

СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ДИНАМИКИ И ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ РОЖДАЕМОСТИ В ОРЕНБУРГСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

The revealed structure of the time series analyzed indicator is selected cyclical and trend components. The simulation of one-dimensional timeseries taking into account the selected cyclesand variability. Comparative analysis of trends and variability of total fertility rate for selectedcycles. The identified factors and their estimated impact on the dynamics of the total fertility rateat the beginning of the ascending phase of cycle(2004-2012). Developed factor forecast andforecast univariate time series.В статье изложена методика проведения анализадинамикиипрогнозированияобщего коэффициентарождаемости в Оренбургской области. Спомощьюсовременногостатистического инструментария выявлена структура временного ряда анализируемого показателя - выделена циклическая и трендовая составляющие, проведено моделирование одномерноговременногорядасучетомвыделенных циклов и колеблемости. Дан сравнительныйанализтенденциидинамикииколеблемостиобщегокоэффициентарождаемости по выделенным циклам. Выявлены факторы и оценено их влияние на динамику общего коэффициента рождаемости в начавшейся восходящей фазе цикла (2004-2012 годы).Разработан факторный прогноз и прогноз по одномерному временному ряду

Nanoparticles of metals and their compounds in films and coatings: A review

Nanotechnology is important in food packaging because it increases shelf life, enhances food safety, and improves sensory characteristics and nutrient availability. We aimed to review scientific publications on the synthesis of nanoparticles, as well as their properties and applications in the food industry. Research and review articles published from 2020 to 2022 were obtained from the database using the keywords “nanoparticles”, “film”, and “food”. They were on the synthesis of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles and their uses in food films and coatings. We reviewed methods for synthesizing inorganic nanoparticles from metals and their compounds (silver, zinc, iron, etc.), as well as described their antimicrobial action against foodborne pathogens. By incorporating nanoparticles into films, we can create new materials with strong antimicrobial properties in vitro. Nanoparticles can be used to develop both polymer and biopolymer films, as well as their mixtures. Composite coatings can work synergistically with metal nanoparticles to create multifunctional food packaging systems that can act as compatibilizers. Particular attention was paid to metal nanoparticles in food coatings. We found that nanoparticles reduce the rate of microbial spoilage and inhibit lipid oxidation, thereby increasing the shelf life of raw materials and ready-to-eat foods. The safety of using nanoparticles in food coatings is an important concern. Therefore, we also considered the migration of nanoparticles from the coating into the food product. Incorporating nanoparticles into polymer and biopolymer films can create new materials with antimicrobial properties against foodborne pathogens. Such composite films can effectively extend the shelf life of food products. However, the undesirable migration of metal ions into the food product may limit the use of such films

Decarbonization of Ukrainian Economy: Economic and Legal Issues

The research hypothesis is determined by its focus on forming practical proposals for creating a compelling economic and legal mechanism for the decarbonization of the economy. Based on an integrated approach to the regulation of relevant relations. This approach allows us to identify priority areas for the transformation of legal regulation in the context of decarbonization of the economy, which in turn will help lay the legal foundations for the transition to a carbon-free economy. The practical implementation of the study’s scientific results will contribute to implementing the tasks of the Renewed Nationally Defined Contribution of Ukraine to the Paris Agreement. It is planned to pay special attention to the legal aspects of modernization of the coal industry in the context of stimulating the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Additional attention was paid to the development of theoretical provisions and practical proposals for the harmonization of state policy in the field of bioenergy, its legal framework with the goals of decarbonization of the energy sector, and ensuring climate neutrality

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS AND FORECASTING FERTILITY IN THE ORENBURG REGION

The revealed structure of the time series analyzed indicator is selected cyclical and trend components. The simulation of one-dimensional timeseries taking into account the selected cyclesand variability. Comparative analysis of trends and variability of total fertility rate for selectedcycles. The identified factors and their estimated impact on the dynamics of the total fertility rateat the beginning of the ascending phase of cycle(2004-2012). Developed factor forecast andforecast univariate time series

Indicators Of Sustainable Development In Framework Of Environmental Policy Experience Of Eastern Neighbors

The sustainable development indicators perform an essential function of incorporating knowledge about the development of human society into decision making at all stages from planning and implementation to evaluation of the policy impacts. This paper provides an overview of evolution and application experience of sustainability measuring practice. Researchers analyze the directions of measurement approach progress. Modern trends of indicators’ using are explored. From assessment of current status of sustainable development indicators authors reveal the main challenges in defining an appropriate set of them. The ways of overcoming the lack of harmonization in variety of conceptual and organizational frameworks used by the different countries are reviewed. Authors consider the direction of modernization of SDI system. The importance of measuring sustainable development at different scale levels: local, regional, enterprise and household levels is stressed. Researchers reveal the main task in division of responsibilities of national authorities; managing data quality and data accessibility. An additional challenge of providing better analysis of cross linkages between indicators is pointed out

Environmental assessment for results of the local territories positioning

The purpose of the research is to construct positioning maps of local areas to assess the results of their positioning in terms of the environmental component of sustainable development. The article uses methods of analysis and synthesis, statistical and graphic, mapping method, comparative analysis and modelling, which made it possible to research the parameters and components of the local territories` (regions, cities and districts) positioning and to determine indicators for assessing their positions regarding economic, social and environmental components. Based on the rating estimates for the sustainable development of local areas, positioning maps have been constructed using the Ukrainian regions, districts and regional significance cities in the Luhansk region as the example. The article results proposed to expand the environmental indicators list for the positioning implementation based on the environmental assessment in the local level, which will allow the scientific and practical approach to assess the territorial units’ positions from the sustainable development point of view