Air pollution investigation by organic compounds in the city

© 2018 Nasyrov et al. In this paper carry out assessment of level of impurity of atmospheric air in the city is executed by light organic compounds. The nature of change of content of these ingredients in atmospheric air in the direction of their possible source is studied. The composition of the organic substances which are present at atmospheric air is investigated. Sampling of air on these components is made. The analysis on the gas chromatograph and processing of the received results is made. Calculation of quantitative content of light organic compounds in tests of atmospheric air is made. The character of a gradient of concentration of light organic compounds towards the city of Nizhnekamsk is defined. For the purpose of assessment of level of impurity of atmospheric air the complex index of impurity of the atmosphere for 23 trial platforms is determined by five priority volatile organic compounds. Offers on decrease in content of light organic compounds in atmospheric air are developed

The problem of disposal sludge treatment plants

© 2016, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.Consider the features of the formation and disposal of sludge. It is noted that the methods of sludge treatment in digesters or throw them in the sludge beds are not perfect. The presence of high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage sludge would allow its use as a fertilizer, but it is necessary to consider that may contain heavy metals that contaminate the environment. It noted a huge amount of sludge produced per year in Russia. A preferred method of disposal of sewage sludge sludge storage in the fields. This method results in the exclusion of large areas. Sludge fields pose a threat to the environment due to the high content of dangerous viruses, bacteria, harmful gases, hazardous chemicals In this work it was studied the composition of the sludge. It has been determined that the precipitation contained a significant amount of organic material that is fat, protein, carbohydrate, etc. The aqueous phase of the sludge is characterized by a neutral environment. The values obtained for BOD5, reflecting the total content of organic substances in the water, allow to judge that this water is classified as very dirty water. Measurements of pollution sludge with heavy metals. The measurements of the mass of content of heavy metals in the aqueous phase of the sludge (soluble form) and in dry matter (total content) showed that the concentration of heavy metals in the dry sediment is significantly higher than in the aqueous phase of the sludge. The measurement results on the toxicity of the sludge lead to the conclusion that sludge have acute toxic effects and are 4 cash danger The results of research on sludge oil content allow us to speak about the excesses of this indicator

Sorption concentration of ions of copper (II) and lead (II) by magnetic sorbent

By a chemical method, using a method offered by Massart, where as the use of initial solutions of chlorous and chloric iron magnetite is produced, possessing sorbate properties in relation to the ions of lead(II) and copper(II). Influence of different factors (pH, temperature, time) on the degree of sorption is investigated. A specific surface area of magnetite is measured by the method of Bruner-Emmet-Teller on the analyzer of NOVA 1000e. Structural parameters and phase composition of standards are investigationed by X-ray fluores-cence energy-dispersive spectrometer of brand «BRA-18». The best values of acidity of environment are de-termined for flowing of sorption process on magnetite. Conducted measurements of ζ -potential before and after the sorption indicate the change of charge of double electric layer at the surface of magnetic iron metal-lics, that is related to adsorption of the positively charged cations of the solution. Influence of the interfering ions is indicated, influence of phosphates and sulfates is set on the sorption of IST. The isotherms of sorption of IST are got on magnetic iron. The offered method is tested on the standards of the melted water of snow-cover in the affected of casting production zone

Propagation of HF radio waves over northerly paths: measurements,simulation and systems aspects

Large deviations in the direction of arrival of ionospherically propagating radio signals from the Great Circle Path (GCP) have serious implications for the planning and operation of communications and radiolocation systems operating within the HF-band. Very large deviations are particularly prevalent in the polar and sub-auroral regions where signals often arrive at the receiver with bearings displaced from the great circle direction by up to ±100° or more. Measurements made over several paths are presented in this paper, and the principle causes of off-great circle propagation outlined. Significant progress has been made in modelling the propagation effects and work is now in hand to incorporate the results into tools to aid the planning and operation of HF radio systems operating at northerly latitudes

The 630 nm and 557.7 nm Airglow During HF Ionosphere Pumping by the SURA Facility Radiation for Pump Frequencies Near the Fourth Electron Gyroharmonic

© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. We present the results of analysis of the dependence of the ionospheric airglow in the red (630 nm) and green (557.7 nm) lines of atomic oxygen on the pump-wave frequency f0 near the fourth electron gyroharmonic 4fce. The experimental data were obtained in 2012 using the SURA heating facility. Stimulated electromagnetic emission spectra were used to determine the relation between f0 and 4fce. It is found that at f0 > 4fce and δf = f0 − 4fce ≈ 15–20 kHz the red-line airglow intensity is about a factor of 1.5 higher for the magnetic zenith pumping (when the pump beam is inclined 12° south of the magnetic field direction) than for the vertical pumping. In the green line for the same offsets δf, the airglow was recorded with confidence only during magnetic zenith pumping. During vertical pumping, no regular dependence of the red-line airglow intensity on δf in the range −15 < δf < 280 kHz was obtained, while the green-line airglow was observed at 15 < δf < +5 kHz and 230 < δf < 280 kHz. In the red line during vertical pumping, a change from the artificial airglow generation to the ionospheric background suppression was detected when the F-layer cutoff frequency was decreased. During magnetic zenith pumping, a wide (about 30°) background suppression zone was observed around the airglow spot with an about 6° angular width

Farit Gabidinovich Avkhadiev (on his 70th birthday)

This article about mathematical results of F.G. Avkhadiev

Fragmentation and Multifragmentation of 10.6A GeV Gold Nuclei

We present the results of a study performed on the interactions of 10.6A GeV gold nuclei in nuclear emulsions. In a minimum bias sample of 1311 interac- tions, 5260 helium nuclei and 2622 heavy fragments were observed as Au projec- tile fragments. The experimental data are analyzed with particular emphasis of target separation interactions in emulsions and study of criticalexponents. Multiplicity distributions of the fast-moving projectile fragments are inves- tigated. Charged fragment moments, conditional moments as well as two and three -body asymmetries of the fast moving projectile particles are determined in terms of the total charge remaining bound in the multiply charged projectile fragments. Some differences in the average yields of helium nuclei and heavier fragments are observed, which may be attributed to a target effect. However, two and three-body asymmetries and conditional moments indicate that the breakup mechanism of the projectile seems to be independent of target mass. We looked for evidence of critical point observable in finite nuclei by study the resulting charged fragments distributions. We have obtained the values for the critical exponents gamma, beta and tau and compare our results with those at lower energy experiment (1.0A GeV data). The values suggest that a phase transition like behavior, is observed.Comment: latex, revtex, 28 pages, 12 figures, 3tables, submitted to Europysics Journal

Air pollution investigation by organic compounds in the city

© 2018 Nasyrov et al. In this paper carry out assessment of level of impurity of atmospheric air in the city is executed by light organic compounds. The nature of change of content of these ingredients in atmospheric air in the direction of their possible source is studied. The composition of the organic substances which are present at atmospheric air is investigated. Sampling of air on these components is made. The analysis on the gas chromatograph and processing of the received results is made. Calculation of quantitative content of light organic compounds in tests of atmospheric air is made. The character of a gradient of concentration of light organic compounds towards the city of Nizhnekamsk is defined. For the purpose of assessment of level of impurity of atmospheric air the complex index of impurity of the atmosphere for 23 trial platforms is determined by five priority volatile organic compounds. Offers on decrease in content of light organic compounds in atmospheric air are developed