Karyotypic study of some Iranian species and populations of Lotus L.

Akaryotypic study of 13 populations belonging to 7 Iranian Lotus species was performed for the first time. The study showed x = 6 and 7 are available in Iranian Lotus species; all taxa studied except L. corniculatus (4x) were diploid. The species studied varied in their karyotypic formulae and symmetry. They also differed significantly in their total chromatin length as well as size of long arms and short arms, indicating the occurrence of both structural and quantitative changes in their karyotypes during the species diversification. Clustering of the Lotus species based on karyotypic features partly supports their taxonomic treatment

The Morphological, Micromorphological and Palynological Study of the Genus Daphne L. (Thymelaeacea) in Iran

Abstract Daphne L. belongs to Thymelaeaceae family which has about 70 species in the world and 4 species in Iran. The species of this genus have compounds such as flavon, Betulin, Simarin and etc. that have anticancer, anti-flammation, antigout and antimicrobial effects. In this study, the pollen of 11 different accessions of D. mucronata, D. oleoides, D. pontica, D. mezerum were studied using stereo microscope, light microscope and scanning electron microscope for identifying and recognizing useful characteristic of these species. The results were analyzed utilizing NTSYS pc v 2.02 e software and dendrogram constructed using UPGMA method. The results have shown that pollen grains are spheroid to elliptic shape, tricolporat and polyforat in the studied species and there are differences on exine surface that create Crotonoid and Semicrotonoid patters. Characteristics such as shape and pollen grains diagonal, revealing and hiding of reticular muri exine diameter are effective in taxonomic segregation of species. In this study, three types of seed surface ornamentation from cell-like, mosaic, and wavy were observed and characteristics such as leaf shape and the presence and density of trichomes, perianth color, lobe form, presence of trichome in ovule,seed color, seed shape, having billed and seed ornamentation of surface are different (variable) between species. <br /

Study of flora, life form and chorology of plant Species in Zarivar Region of Marivan, Kurdistan

Zarivar region, with about 12,000 km2 area, is located in the west of Iran, neighboaring the Marivan city. This region has a rich floral diversity due to some ecological factors such as: the average annual precipitation (about 997 mm/year), influence of the mediteranean water masses and situation within zagros mountain. The purpose of this study was to introduce floristic list, life forms and chorology of species of zarivar region. plant specimens were collected during years 2014-2016. Totally, 590 plant species belonging to 355 genera and 81 families were determined. Among the studied plants, 472 dicots and 116 monocots and two pteridophytes were recognized. The largest family was Compositae with 46 genera and 72 species, and the largest genus was Trifolium  (Papilionaceae) with 10 species. Hemicryptophytes were the dominant life form and comprised 40% of the flora. From chorological point of view, the largest proportion of the flora belonged to the Iran-Turanian elements (38%). Among the 590 species of flora this region 160 species are medicinal plants, 43 species endangered Plants and 50 species endemic in Iran

Positive Result for SARS-CoV-2 RNA Test after a Long Time for the Patient with COVID-19 even after Discharge from the Hospital

Background: Ruthin's coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis is based on the positive result of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the nasal and oropharyngeal swab. However, chest CT&nbsp;scans&nbsp;can play&nbsp;an&nbsp;important&nbsp;role in&nbsp;diagnosing patients with&nbsp;COVID-19. Cases Report: In this study, we reported a 44 years old female with a mild form of the COVID-19 who showed a positive result for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA for 44 days after symptom onset. The suspected case was detected using real-time PCR. After two weeks of hospitalization, the patient was discharged, but her molecular tests were performed twice after one month and 44 days, and they remained positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. Conclusion: In theory, if the patient becomes re-infected or the virus reacts, these individuals may serve as a transmission source. So far, the only way to screen for possible reinfection has been by using PCR on separate specimens

Evaluation of the Effect of Six Terpenoids and Phenolics from Echinophora Cinerea against Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in PC12 Cell Line

Introduction:Echinophoracinerea is a plant from Apiaceae family and it is used as vegetable, yogurt and cheese seasoning and is used for gasteric ailments in ChaharMahalBakhtiari province. It is a rich source of antioxidant constituents, hence it canpotentially &nbsp;have protective effects. So, its phytochemical investigation seems to be crucial. Methods and Results:Plant material was extracted. The latter extract was fractionated with VLC and further purified using reversed phase HPLC. The structures of pure compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods such as 1HNMR and mass. Cytotoxic effects of cisplatin alone and with other fractions were tested. The effects of isolated compounds against apoptosis induced by CIS were investigated through the measurement of mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax and Bcl2 and caspase-3 activation. We also assessed the oxidative stress by measuring reactive oxygen species. Six compounds (quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, Kaempferol glycoside, osthol, verbenone, isoimperatorin and echinophorin B) were purified and identified. Treatment of cells with QUE and OST before exposure to the CIS increased cell viability. These compounds protected the cells against CIS–induced cytotoxicity. In addition, pretreatment with QUE and OST decreased CIS- induced apoptosis through up-regulation of Bcl2, inhibition of caspase-3 activity and increasing of mitochondrial membrane potential. As well, OST decreased ROS generation. Conclusion:Given that flavonoids are the most important groups of phenolic compounds found in nature, and due to their antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect these could be considered as neuroprotective agent

Medicinal plants of Kermanshah province

In order to collect and determine medicinal plants of Kermanshah province, at first a list of medicinal plants and their localities was prepared based on the floristic list of the Kermanshah province mentioned as medicinal plants in the related references. Then, stands of the mentioned medicinal plants were referred according to the topographic maps and the extracted localities and after collecting medicinal plant specimens, herbarium specimens were prepared based on the traditional taxonomic methods. For each collected plant specimen, habitat characteristics including locality, altitude (elevation above sea level) and the other ecological characteristics of each location were recorded. Furthermore, local names and usable parts were recorded for each species including their local usage. To reassure accordance of the collected specimens with the prepared list of the medicinal plants, their identification and determination were carried out by the present related references. Collected information about each medicinal plant species was recorded in the form attached to the related herbarium specimen. The life forms of the determined medicinal plants were determined based on the Raunkiaer method. Altogether 208 medicinal species belonging to 198 genera and 72 families were determined

Karyotype analysis of some species of Vicia L. section Vicia (Fabaceae Lindl.) in Iran

The somatic chromosome numbers and karyotypic analysis of six taxa belonging to Vicia sect. Vicia (Fabaceae) were performed. We found three basic chromosome numbers (x=5, 6 and 7) in this section. All of the taxa were diploid. The chromosome number of V. lathyroides, V. grandiflora, V. sativa var. cordata and V. sativa var. amphicarpa were presented for the first time in Iran. Karyotype formula was different in the taxa, so that in the taxa V. lathyroides (2n=12), V. sativa var. sativa (2n=12), V. sativa var. angustifolia (2n=12), V. sativa var. cordata (2n=10), V. sativa var. amphicarpa (2n=14), V. grandiflora (2n=14) karyotype the formula were 6st, 2m+4st, 1m+1sm+4st, 5st, 3sm+4st and 5sm+2st respectively. The taxa studied were placed in 3A (V. sativa var. angustifolia and V. grandiflora), 3B (V. sativa var. amphicarpa) and 4A (V. lathyroides, V. sativa var. sativa and V. sativa var. cordata) classes of Stebbines. Based on A1 and A2 parameters, V. grandiflora and V. sativa var. cordata had symmetrical and asymmetrical karyotypes respectively

Floristic study in Nova (Noor) Mountain, Kermanshah province

The aim of this research was to identify the plant species, introducing the flora, determination of life forms, and plant geographical distribution of Nova Mountain, Kermanshah province. This area is locate in south west of Kermanshah province with 7000 hectares, where the amount of annual precipitation is 348.1 mm and means annual temperature is 13.7°C. The altitude of this mountain is 2500 m (above sea level). The method of plant collection in this region was classical method of regional plant taxonomic studies. 800 plant samples were collected from different parts of the area between 1600-2500 m during two growing seasons 2010-2011 and are deposited in herbarium of Islamic Azad University, Boroujerd Branch and herbarium of Kermanshah Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center. The life form of plant species was determined by using of Raunkiaer’s method. The position of this area within Iran’s phytogeography classification was studied based on geographical distribution data and references. From 177 identified species in Nova Mountain, 136 dicotyledons and 41 monocotyledons are present. These species belong to 37 families and 129 genera. The important families are Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Poaceae with 16.69%, 16.69% and 11.86%, respectively. Therophytes with 69 species (38.98%) were the most frequent life form. 97 species (54.8%) belong to Irano-Turanian region; 8 species of them were endemics of Iran

A floristic study in Bahar-ab Kuh area in Zagros mountains (in the border of Kermanshah and Ilam provinces, Iran)

This research is based on a floristic study in Bahar-ab Kuh area (Zagros mountains) in the border of Kermanshah and Ilam provinces, 128 plant species from 106 genera belonging to 38 families were identified. The richest families were Asteraceae with 17 species (13.28%), Fabaceae with 16 species (12.5%) and Poaceae with 15 species (11.70%), respectively. Euphorbia and Trifolium constituted the largest genera with 4 species. According to the life form spectrum, the highest proportion of life forms belonged to therophytes (46.93%), hemicryptophytes (25.76%), geophytes (11.71%), chamaephytes (8.59%) and phanerophytes (7.03%), respectively. Likewise, the highest proportion of chorotypes belonged to Irano-Turanian elements (53.90%), followed by Irano-Turanian/ Mediterranean (17.18%), Irano-Turanian/ Euro-Siberian (9.37%), Irano-Turanian/ Mediterranean/ Euro-Siberian (6.25%), Irano-Turanian/ Sahara-Sindian (5.46%), Irano-Turanian/ Euro- Siberian/ Sahara-Sindian (4.68%) and cosmopolitan elements (3.12%). Moreover, 5.46% of these plants were endemic for Iran