8 research outputs found

    دراسة استطلاعية لرأي طلبة الصف الحادي عشر حول بعض جوانب منهاج الفيزياء (دراسة ميدانية في مدينة اللاذقية)

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    تهدف الدراسة إلى معرفة اتجاهات طلبة الصف الحادي عشر نحو بعض جوانب منهاج الفيزياء في مدينة اللاذقية, وشملت العينة (160) طالباً اختيروا بالطريقة العشوائية خلال العام الدراسي 2020-2021, وقد استخدمت الباحثة أداة استبانة تكونت من ثلاثة محاور أساسية هي  شكل الكتاب وإخراجه, و المحتوى, والتقويم. واعتمدت الباحثة على المنهج الوصفي التحليلي.   وبعد الانتهاء حللت الباحثة نتائج البحث باستعمال برنامج (spss) الإحصائي و توصل البحث إلى جملة من النتائج أهمها النظر في تعديل منهاج الفيزياء ليواكب التطور العلمي, والاهتمام بطباعة الكتب لتجنب الأخطاء المطبعية, والإفادة من وسائل التعليم الحديثة, والاهتمام بالإخراج الفني للكتاب, وتشكيل لجان لتدقيق الكتب وتقويمها من قبل الوزارة

    The obstacles of teaching informatics in the new curricula to education ministry in Syrian Arabic Republic from the point of view of the teachers of this article. (A Field Study in Secondary Schools in Lattakia )

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      This study aims to identify the obstacles facing the computer teachers in the course of their teaching of the new curriculum. The researcher depend on descriptive approach , so  designed a questionnaire consisting of 33 questions divided into four areas: The field of the student, teacger area, curriculum area, the field of the classroom environment. Where the sample of the study consisted of 120 teachers of computer science in the city of Lattakia. The results showed that there are many problems facing computer teachers and limit their ability to deliver information to students as required. The results showed that the main obstacles facing the computer teachers from their point of view are the weakness of the ability of students to use the computer. And teachers ' lack of knowledge of computer software. There is also a knowledge gap between the curriculum of the computer and the previous cognitive background of the students on this subject. And the lack of sufficient hardware in the computer lab. This study presented a set of conclusions and suggestions that help to alleviate these constraints

    Role of the transcription factor Slug in the control of the early epithelial differentiation during the murine mammary gland morphogenesis

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    Slug est un membre de la famille des protéines Snail impliquées au cours du développement dans le contrôle de la forme et la différenciation cellulaire. Nous avons localisé Slug au cours du développement des glandes mammaires de souris dans les cellules qui participent aux mécanismes de croissance. Seule une sous-population de cellules épithéliales mammaires située dans le compartiment basal de la glande exprime Slug. Cette expression est maintenue pendant les différentes étapes du développement de la glande mammaire, de la puberté jusqu'au début de la gestation. Nous avons observé une perte d'expression dans lobules se différenciant en alvéoles sécrétoires, ensuite une re-expression au stade d' involution. La population exprimant Slug est positive pour la cytokératine 5, décrit comme un marqueur des cellules basales et myoépithéliales, également considéré comme un marqueur de cellules souches ou progénitrices, et elle est incluse dans la population CD24 positive et surexprimant le CD49, connue pour contenir les cellules souches de l'épithélium mammaire. Nous avons constaté que canaux epithéliaux des glandes mammaires de souris Slug knock-out envahissent moins le coussinet adipeux mammaire. En outre, Ils montrent un phénotype de branchements latéraux, ce qui suggère une différenciation précoce. Ce phénotype ressemble le phénotype des glandes mammaires de souris Knock-out pour la P-cadhérine. Nous avons également constaté une diminution de l'expression de la P-cadhérine in vivo dans les glandes mammaires des souris SlugLaZ, et in vitro, dans les cellules épithéliales mammaires transfectées avec un siARN ciblant Slug. Ces cellules montrent un retard de migration cellulaire. Ces observations valident à notre hypothèse que le facteur de transcription Slug contrôle la différenciation des cellules épithéliales au cours de la croissance physiologique de la glande mammaire murine.Slug is a member of the Snail protein family involved during development in the control of cell shape and differentiation. We located Slug during mammary gland development in mouse in cells participating to the growth mechanisms. Only a distinct sub-population of mammary epithelial cells located in the basal compartment was found to express Slug. This expression is maintained during the various stages of mammary gland development, from puberty until the beginning of gestation. We observed a loss of expression in lobules differentiating into secreting alveoli, followed by re-expression at involution stage. The Slug expressing population was positive for Cytokeratin 5, described as a basal and myoepithelial cell marker, also considered as a stem/progenitor marker, and was included into the (CD24+ CD49++) population, known to contain the mammary epithelial progenitor cells. We found that mammary gland from Slug-deprived mice were slower to invade the mammary fat pad. In addition, they displayed increased lateral branching, suggesting precocious differentiation. This phenotype resembles the phenotype of mammary glands of P-cadherin Knock-out mice. We also found that P-cadherin is down regulated in vivo in SlugLaZ mice mammary gland, and in vitro, in mammary epithelial cells transfected with an siRNA targeting Slug. These cells show a delay in migration. These observations lead to our hypothesis that Slug controls an early epithelial cell differentiation stage during mammary gland physiological growth

    واقع استخدام الوسائل التعليمية في تدريس مادة الفيزياء لطلاب الصف السابع الأساسي من وجهة نظر مدرسيّ هذه المادة (دراسة ميدانية في مدينة اللاذقية )

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      تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى تعرّف واقع استخدام الوسائل التعليمية لتدريس مادة الفيزياء من وجهة نظر مدرسيّ هذه المادة. واعتمدت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي, إذ صممت الباحثة استبانة مكونة من 32 بنداً, و تكونت عينة الدراسة من  ( 100) مدرساً ومدرسة من مدرسي مادة الفيزياء في مدينة اللاذقية. أثبتت النتائج أنه لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية بين متوسط درجات إجابات الذكور ومتوسط درجات إجابات الإناث على الاستبانة التي تدرس واقع استخدام الوسائل التعليمية , بالإضافة إلى وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية في آراء أفراد العينة تبعاً لمتغير المؤهل العلمي والخبرة على الاستبانة التي تدرس واقع استخدام الوسائل التعليمية .  وفي ضوء هذه النتائج تقترح الباحثة ضرورة توفير الوسائل التعليمية بكافة أنواعها في المدارس, وإتاحة الفرصة أمام المدرس لاستخدامها. وعقد دورات تدريبية للمدرسين لتدريبهم على استخدام الوسائل التعليمية والأجهزة والتقنيات الحديثة

    Snail family regulation and epithelial mesenchymal transitions in breast cancer progression.

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    We thank Rosa Viñas for her help in the correction of this manuscript.International audienceSince its initial description, the interconversion between epithelial and mesenchymal cells (designed as epithelial-mesenchymal or mesenchymal-epithelial transition, EMT or MET, respectively) has received special attention since it provides epithelial cells with migratory features. Different studies using cell lines have identified cytokines, intercellular signaling elements and transcriptional factors capable of regulating this process. Particularly, the identification of Snail family members as key effectors of EMT has opened new ways for the study of this cellular process. In this article we discuss the molecular pathways that control EMT, showing a very tight and interdependent regulation. We also analyze the contribution of EMT and Snail genes in the process of tumorigenesis using the mammary gland as cellular model

    Erk5 controls Slug expression and keratinocyte activation during wound healing.

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    International audienceReepithelialization during cutaneous wound healing involves numerous signals that result in basal keratinocyte activation, spreading, and migration, all linked to a loosening of cell-cell adhesion structures. The transcription factor Slug is required for this process, and EGF treatment of human keratinocytes induced activating phosphorylation of Erk5 that coincides with slug transcription. Accordingly, ectopic activation of Erk5 led to increased Slug mRNA levels and faster wound healing, whereas keratinocyte migration was totally blocked by Erk5 pathway inhibition. Expression of a shRNA specific for Erk5 strongly diminished Erk5 levels in keratinocytes and significantly decreased their motility response to EGF, along with induction of Slug expression. These Erk5-deprived keratinocytes showed an altered, more compact morphology, along with disruption of desmosome organization. Accordingly, they displayed an altered ability to form cell aggregates. These results implicate a novel EGFR/Erk5/Slug pathway in the control of cytoskeleton organization and cell motility in keratinocytes treated with EGF
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