The Performance of Cold-Formed Steel Members with Stiffened Perforations

CFS sections are usually supplied with openings to adapt construction services. Nevertheless, the area lowering in the web influences their strengths. If stiffeners are provided near the web openings, the reduction in flexural capacity could be recovered. Therefore, this paper introduces a study on the CFS section with stiffened perforations. A finite element (FE) analysis was accomplished. The numerical model was verified versus experimental and numerical tests from prior research and then utilized in performing parametric studies. The influence of circular openings with various sizes and various stiffener lengths on the flexural capacity was examined in the nonlinear analysis. Depending on the findings of the study, it has been determined that the introduction of stiffened openings into the CFS members will result in the restoration of the original flexural capacity

Effect of Web Opening Location on Fatigue Assessment of H Section Steel Beams

In the last decades, steel beams with web opening were used extensively as useful structural and architectural elements due to their many advantages. In this research, steel beams with web opening subjected to static loading were modelled using the multi-purpose finite element software ANSYS and the finite element results were compared with previous research. Then, steel beams with a single web opening subjected to fatigue loading were investigated numerically. The effect of changing the location of web opening on the fatigue assessment of H section steel beams with web opening was studied taking normal stress into account. It was clear that, normal stress fatigue life of the steel beams was affected significantly by changing web opening location along the beam span when compared to a beam with solid web while the beam span, opening size and steel section were kept constant. The most convenient location of web opening along the beam span was found to be at mid span

Analytical study of lipped cold-formed steel sections with edge-stiffened hole subjected to axial compression load

Cold-formed steel (CFS) have been widely used in different structural systems in residential and non-residential construction, especially roof structures due to many advantages. Firstly, no heat is used to form the sections unlike hot-rolled steel. Secondly, several steel thicknesses are offered to accommodate a wide range of structural and non-structural purposes. Researchers have recently searched in the usage of CFS sections, and their research showed an improvement in stiffness and strength of these sections. Therefore, the purpose of this search is to analyze and conduct the behaviour of lipped single and double channel back-to-back CFS sections with edge-stiffened hole. The built-up section attached with self-taping screws under axial compression load. The main focus of this search is to enhance comprehension of the axial behaviour of the simply supported lipped CFS channel sections by analyzing and conducting the behaviour of pinned end condition CFS columns under the effect of static displacement loading till failure and to conduct the verification of the previous finite element modelling. Additionally, this research, focus on determining how the properties of section affect the behaviour and axial strength of lipped CFS column sections and to develop the fundamental parameters and the numerical criteria needed for the non-linear analysis to model lipped CFS column sections

Trials to improve the response of Orechromis niloticus to Aeromonas hydrophila vaccine using immunostimulants (garlic, Echinacea) and probiotics (Organic GreenTM and Vet-YeastTM)

This work aimed to investigate the role of some immunostimulants and probiotics in improving the response of overwintered tilapia to Aeromonas hydrophila  vaccine. In this study, 15000 Nile tilapia fry (Orechromis niloticus) were collected and divided into five groups. Group 1 was the control, groups 2 to 5 were fed diet supplemented with garlic, Echinacea, Organic GreenTM and Vet-YeastTM respectively for 5 months. Vaccination with A. hydrophila bacteria was done by the end of the feeding experiment. The antibody titer of the vaccinated overwintered tilapia of all groups showed no significant changes during the same sampling time. A significant high value in the antibody titer was recognized in vaccinated overwintered tilapia at the end of 6th-8th week post-vaccination (PV) in the control group and between the 4th – 8th week PV in the immunostimulant supplemented groups (Groups 2-3), and between the 2nd – 10th week PV in probiotic supplemented groups (Groups 4 and 5). The challenge infection of the vaccinated tilapia showed the highest mortality in Group 1 while the lowest mortality was seen in Group 5. However, maximum protection after challenge was seen at 6th week PV in other treated groups. The immunostimulants and probiotics under test proved efficient in improving the immune response to vaccination which will improve the resistance of tilapia fry against infection during the winter. The overall results are promising to implement overwintering fry culture program to economically maximize and efficiently use the available aquaculture facilities throughout the year.Key words: Tilapia, overwintering, immunostimulants, probiotics, vaccines, pathogens

Effect of Quercetin on Diabetic Rat

Background: Quercetin (QR) is one of the major constituents of the methanolic extract of the leaves of Psidium guajava (Guava leaves). Objectives: The work’s aim is to understand the Quercetin’s mechanism in improving insulin resistance, use the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) to determine the influence of quercetin on glycemic control, Look at how quercetin affects diabetes-related lipid metabolism and lipid profile measures. Analyze the impact of QR on oxidative stress in diabetic rats and contrast its antidiabetic effects whether administered as a nutrient or supplement. Materials and methods: Sixty adult male Wister rats that were matched in age and had starting body weights between 150 and 200 g were used in this study. One normoglycemic control group and 3 diabetic control groups (15 rats per group) were used. The diabetic control rats received the vehicle orally as saline daily, the normoglycemic control group received quercetin orally in a dose of 50 mg/kg per day, and the diabetic rats received quercetin orally in a dose of 100 mg/kg per day. Results: After six weeks of therapy, the rats with diabetes receiving isolated quercetin at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg had reduced blood glucose levels, and their triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, and total cholesterol profiles all significantly improved. Also, there was significant decrease homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, serum transaminases, hepatic malondialdehyde, and HMG CoA expression in liver and a substantial rise in levels of insulin, hepatic GSH, and insulin receptor substrate (IRS2) expression & Phosphoinositide 3-kinases in liver as compared to those of control group, but non- significance changes in high-density lipoprotein, AKT expression in liver were observed. Conclusions: Quercetin could be considered as a potential hypoglycmeic medication with possible mechanisms controlling the hyperglycemic state and cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL levels

Microbial contamination of meat at a low temperature storage: A review

Beef, mutton, lamb, and camel are all high-quality protein sources in Egypt and around the world. Red meat with a protein content of about 20%, a high moisture content (75%), fat (5.2%), carbohydrate (1.5%), vitamins such as vitamin B complex, and minerals such as iron, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus are important in human nutrition because they can meet a portion of man's daily needs for these nutrients. Low temperature storage of meat either at chilling or freezing conditions is very popular worldwide for the purposes of meat security, meat transportation, and overseas trade. However, the microbial quality of the meat at low temperature storage represents a challenging task for both the food safety and public health sectors.  This review threw the light on the microbial status of chilled and frozen meat with a particular focus on the contamination of meat with Pseudomonas spp

Microbial contamination of meat at a low temperature storage: A review

Beef, mutton, lamb, and camel are all high-quality protein sources in Egypt and around the world. Red meat with a protein content of about 20%, a high moisture content (75%), fat (5.2%), carbohydrate (1.5%), vitamins such as vitamin B complex, and minerals such as iron, zinc, calcium, and phosphorus are important in human nutrition because they can meet a portion of man's daily needs for these nutrients. Low temperature storage of meat either at chilling or freezing conditions is very popular worldwide for the purposes of meat security, meat transportation, and overseas trade. However, the microbial quality of the meat at low temperature storage represents a challenging task for both the food safety and public health sectors.  This review threw the light on the microbial status of chilled and frozen meat with a particular focus on the contamination of meat with Pseudomonas spp

Analytical study of lipped cold-formed steel sections with edge-stiffened hole subjected to axial compression load

Cold-formed steel (CFS) have been widely used in different structural systems in residential and non-residential construction, especially roof structures due to many advantages. Firstly, no heat is used to form the sections unlike hot-rolled steel. Secondly, several steel thicknesses are offered to accommodate a wide range of structural and non-structural purposes. Researchers have recently searched in the usage of CFS sections, and their research showed an improvement in stiffness and strength of these sections. Therefore, the purpose of this search is to analyze and conduct the behaviour of lipped single and double channel back-to-back CFS sections with edge-stiffened hole. The built-up section attached with self-taping screws under axial compression load. The main focus of this search is to enhance comprehension of the axial behaviour of the simply supported lipped CFS channel sections by analyzing and conducting the behaviour of pinned end condition CFS columns under the effect of static displacement loading till failure and to conduct the verification of the previous finite element modelling. Additionally, this research, focus on determining how the properties of section affect the behaviour and axial strength of lipped CFS column sections and to develop the fundamental parameters and the numerical criteria needed for the non-linear analysis to model lipped CFS column sections

In Silico Screening of Potent Bioactive Compounds from Honey Bee Products Against COVID-19 Target Enzymes

From the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, side by side to immense investigates to design specific drugs or to develop a potential vaccine for the novel coronavirus. Myriads of FDA approved drugs are massively repurposed for COVID-19 treatment based on molecular docking of selected protein targets that play vital for the replication cycle of the virus. Honey bee products are well known of their nutritional values and medicinal effects. Antimicrobial activity of bee products and natural honey have been documented in several clinical studies and was considered a good alternative for antiviral medications to treat some viral infections. Bee products contain bioactive compounds in the form of a collection of phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenes of natural origin. We revealed by molecular docking the profound binding affinity of 14 selected phenolics and terpenes present in honey and propolis (bees glue) against the main protease (Mpro) and RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) enzymes of the novel 2019-nCoV coronavirus. Of these compounds, p-coumaric acid, ellagic acid, kaemferol and quercetin has the strongest interaction with the 2019-nCoV target enzymes, and they may be considered as an effective 2019-nCoV inhibitors

Modified Screen-Printed Potentiometric Sensors based on Man-Tailored Biomimetics for Diquat Herbicide Determination

Screen-printed platforms integrated with molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) were fabricated and characterized as potentiometric sensors for diquat (DQ). The synthesized MIP beads were studied as sensory carriers in plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) membranes. The sensors were constructed by using poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) as solid-contact material to diminish charge-transfer resistance and water layer potential. Conventional ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) with internal filling solution were used for comparison. The designed electrodes showed near Nernstian slopes of 28.2 ± 0.7 (r² = 0.999) over the concentration range of 1.0 × 10−6–1.0 × 10−2 M with the limit of detection 0.026 µg/mL over the pH range 4.2–9.0. The electrode exhibited good selectivity for diquat cations over a large number of organic and inorganic cations. The sensor was successfully introduced for direct measurement of diquat content in commercial pesticide preparations and different spiked potato samples. The results showed that the proposed electrode has a fast and stable response, good reproducibility, and applicability for direct assessment of diquat content. The proposed potentiometric method is simple and accurate in comparison with the reported HPLC methods. Besides, it is applicable to turbid and colored sample solutions