All and Nought

"All-and-Nought" is the 2nd Edition of a series of books that study the nature of Reality and Being. The first edition of the book, "The Metaphysics of All-and-None", was published by Edwin Mellen Press in January 2022; since then the book has been under severe investigations and reviews by many scholars and pundits worldwide. The 2nd edition of the book contains the original text plus a foreword by Professor Richard Howells from King’s College London and some reports by Physicists, Biologists, and others. Journal of Mind, one the most important journals in Philosophy, paid attention to the book and in its critical review article October 2022, encourages all philosophers and pundits to study the book. The book's core concept is a Scientific/Mathematical, a-priori/synthetic theory called All'n'None Theory. It studies the Symmetry and Asymmetry in Reality and points to a state that indicates the deep Symmetry between "All Beings" and "Nothingness". It deeply studies the relationships between being and non-being from the perspective of Symmetry and symmetry failure and offers a measurement tool and a new method of studding phenomena. It seems All`n`None Theory is a scientific breakthrough and discovery. The book methodologically applies Physics, Conceptual philosophy, Mathematics, and jurisprudence analysis both inductively and deductively to prove its theory. It is the first and the only Theory for Explaining the nature of Existence (being) and provides a technique to measure the amount of existence in each being. Through understanding Existence, the book explains Creation, Cosmos, Consciousness, Mind, Spirit, and Soul scientifically. It is deep enough to initially encompass and then merge all modern Sciences (Physics, Philosophy, Complexity, System Theory, Information Theory, Psychology, Biology, Humanities, Economy, and Management) with Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam (Theology) and makes the image of Reality clearer for readers. The book proves chaos management in the depth of creation and shows how people can use the only law of creation for their own success and salvation. Therefore the book is an inspirational one too. Readers by reading the book and understanding it not only gain scientific knowledge but also find profound wisdom that heals them. They feel they are enlightened and motivated to construct their meaning of life. Readers can recognize their self/ego structure of being and enjoy the passion to improve. The book tries to explain the mechanism of Thinking with respect to Symmetry and the failure of Symmetry as the foundation of Categorization, Mentalization, and Cognition. By understanding the mechanism of cognition it can study Epistemology and explain the Believing Mechanism and the nature of Beliefs as a kind of being. The theory claims no matter the beliefs originated from Science or Religion the mechanisms that govern both of them are the same. Based on the theory, “Knower or Observer”, “Known or Observed”, and “knowing or observation” are rooted in Symmetry and its failure. The tone, language, and structure of the book are unique to itself. It is not an entertainment or commercial book. The book is written for readers who plan to spend enough time to think about its content

An Observer-Based Key Agreement Scheme for Remotely Controlled Mobile Robots

Remotely controlled mobile robots are important examples of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs). Recently, these robots are being deployed in many safety critical applications. Therefore, ensuring their cyber-security is of paramount importance. Different control schemes that have been proposed to secure such systems against sophisticated cyber-attacks require the exchange of secret messages between their smart actuators and the remote controller. Thus, these schemes require pre-shared secret keys, or an established Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) that allows for key agreement. Such cryptographic approaches might not always be suitable for the deployment environments of such remotely mobile robots. To address this problem, in this paper, we consider a control theoretic approach for establishing a secret key between the remotely controlled robot and the networked controller without resorting to traditional cryptographic techniques. Our key agreement scheme leverages a nonlinear unknown input observer and an error correction code mechanism to allow the robot to securely agree on a secret key with its remote controller. To validate the proposed scheme, we implement it using a Khepera-IV differential drive robot and evaluate its efficiency and the additional control cost acquired by it. Our experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed key establishment scheme.Comment: This preprint has been submitted to the 2023 IFAC World Congres

The Effects of Propolis on Discoloration of Teeth

Objective: Propolis is a resinous material produced by honeybees that has recently gained fame as an antimicrobial agent. This study sought to assess the effects of propolis as an intra-canal medicament on tooth discoloration. The effect of its application technique on the degree of discoloration was investigated as well.Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 40 intact anterior human teeth. After access cavity and canal preparation, the teeth were randomly divided into three groups. In group A, propolis was placed inside the canals and pulp chamber. In group B, propolis was used as an intracanal medicament. Group C was considered as the control group and saline solution was injected into the canals. Labial surfaces of all teeth were digitally photographed using a digital camera (Fujifilm at one day, one week, 2 weeks, one month and 2 months time points. Color of teeth was assessed and measured at incisal, middle, and cervical segments using the CIELab system and Photoshop  software. Collected data at different time points were statistically analyzed.Results: The overall color change in the two groups of A and B was significantly different from the control group (P<0.001). Significant changes in color were also noticed in follow up sessions in groups A and B (P<0.001). At 2 months, the difference in overall color change between incisal, middle and cervical thirds of teeth in groups A and B was not statistically significant.Conclusion: Based on the obtained results, application of propolis as an intracanal medicament can lead to clinical color changes in tooth crown. Its application technique has no effect on the degree of discoloration

Comparison of blood gases, hematological and monitorization parameters and determine prognostic importance of selected variables in hypotensive and non-hypotensive calves with sepsis

Aim: The aim of the present study was to comparison of blood gases, hematological and monitorization parameters in hypotensive and non-hypotensive calves with sepsis and also, determine the probably prognostic variables to prediction mortality. Materials and Methods: Twenty-two calves were met the criteria of sepsis were enrolled in the study. Hypotension was defined as presence of systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg and/or mean arterial pressure (MAP) Results: During study 7 (58%) hypotensive and 4 (40%) non-hypotensive calves died. Clinical findings showed that hypotensive calves had a lower body temperature, SBP and MAP than hypotensive calves. Glucose levels were significantly lower, and RBC and HCT levels were higher in hypotensive calves than non-hypotension calves. Venous pO2 and SO2 were lower and lactate was higher in non-survivor calves than survivor calves. The findings of receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed the area under the curve (AUC) of 0.991 (p=0.000, 95% CI=0.962-1.000), sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 99% for prediction of mortality at optimum cut off point of 6.7 mmol/L propound the lactate as best prognostic indicator. Conclusion: Mortality rate in hypotensive calves is higher than nonhypotensive calves. Our findings indicated that tissue hypoxia is the strongest determinant of mortality in septic calves. Blood lactate levels with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of %99 at cut-off point of 6.7 mmol/L is the best prognostic indicator to differentiate between survivor and non-survivor calves with sepsis

NMR-Based Plasma Metabolomics at Set Intervals in Newborn Dairy Calves with Severe Sepsis

The aim of this first study was to reveal the new potential biomarkers by a metabolomics approach in severe septic calves. Sepsis is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in newborn dairy calves. The main challenges with the use of biomarkers of sepsis in domestic animals are their availability, cost, and time required to obtain a result. Metabolomics may offer the potential to identify biomarkers that define calf sepsis in terms of combined clinical, physiological, and pathobiological abnormalities. To our knowledge, this is the first study presenting an NMR- (nuclear magnetic resonance-) based plasma metabolomics at set intervals in neonatal septic calves. Twenty neonatal dairy calves with severe sepsis and ten healthy calves were used. Hematological and biochemical health profiles were gathered in plasma samples at set intervals. Similarly, NMR spectra were acquired. All diseased animals (except one) died after 72 hours. Clinical and laboratory results were in accordance with those of severe septic animals. Multivariate analysis on NMR plasma spectra proved to be an excellent tool for faster identification of calves with severe sepsis from healthy animals. The NMR-based metabolomic profile may contribute to the better understanding of severe sepsis in newborn calves

Preparation and Quality Control of the [153Sm]-Samarium Maltolate Complex as a Lanthanide Mobilization Product in Rats

Development of lanthanide detoxification agents and protocols is of great importance in management of overdoses. Due to safety of maltol as a detoxifying agent in metal overloads, it can be used as a lanthanide detoxifying agent. In order to demonstrate the biodistribution of final complex, [153Sm]-samarium maltolate was prepared using Sm-153 chloride (radiochemical purity >99.9%; ITLC and specific activity). The stability of the labeled compound was determined in the final solution up to 24h as well as the partition coefficient. Biodistribution studies of Sm-153 chloride, [153Sm]-samarium maltolate were carried out in wild-type rats comparing the critical organ uptakes. Comparative study for Sm3+ cation and the labeled compound was conducted up to 48 h, demonstrating a more rapid wash out for the labeled compound. The effective and biological half lives of 2.3 h and 2.46h were calculated for the complex. The data suggest the detoxification property of maltol formulation for lanthanide overdoses

The relationship between hemogram parameters and mortality in neonatal calves with diarrhea

Aim: The objective of the present study was to reveal the relationship between hemogram parameters and mortality in neonatal calves with diarrhea from different etiological origins. Materials and Methods: Fifty calves with diarrhea were enrolled in the study. The calves were divided into 2 groups as surviving and non-surviving calves. In addition, on the basis of the stool quick test and etiological agent, it was divided into 3 subgroups: bacterial (E. coli), viral (rotavirus and coronavirus), and parasitic (Cryptosporidium parvum). Total leukocyte (WBC), lymphocyte (Lym), monocyte (Mon), granulocyte (Gra), erythrocyte (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), hemoglobin (Hb), and thrombocyte (PLT) were measured. Results: Regardless of etiology, MCHC levels of non-surviving calves were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 32.15 g/dL, 68% sensitivity, 62% specificity, p = 0.041). Also, MCHC levels of non-surviving calves with viral etiology were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 31.75 g/ dL, 85% sensitivity, 75% specificity, p = 0.029). RBC levels of non-surviving calves with E. coli etiology were lower than those of surviving calves (cut-off: 9.27 ×103 cells/mL, 83% sensitivity, 84% specificity, p = 0.024). There was no statistically significant difference in hemogram parameters of calves infected with C. parvum. Conclusion: MCHC and RBC levels were statistically significant in the estimation of mortality in neonatal calf diarrhea. The evaluation of hemogram parameters together with other blood parameters (blood gas, etc.) may be more useful in estimating mortality

13 yaşlı bir köpekte “old dog ensefalit” olgusu: Köpek distemper’ının ender formu

13 year-old male dog with complaints of fever, loss of appetite, stagnation as well as respiratory signs such as purulent nasal and eye discharge, cough and neurologic signs including apathy, ataxia, quadriplegia, muscular atrophy and myoclonus which admitted to the Animal Hospital of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Selcuk University. “Old dog encephalitis” was determined by clinical, laboratory examinations and rapid distemper test. Clinical findings revealed hyperthermia, tachypnea and tachycardia. Intravenous 0.9% NaCl and 5% dextrose solution, vitamin and amino acids, ceftriaxone, n-acetylcysteine for improving clinical appearance and for controlling myoclonus pregabalin were used. In conclusion canine distemper virus may affect mature dogs over six years old as “old dog encephalitis” and this condition may provide a valuable model for further study of demyelinating diseases including measles in humans.13 yaşlı erkek bir köpek ateş, iştahsızlık, durgunluk gibi genel; purulent burun ve gözyaşı akıntısı, öksürük gibi respiratorik; apati, ataksi, kuadripleji, kas atrofisi ve miyoklonus gibi nörolojik bulgular ile Selçuk Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Hayvan Hastanesine getirilmiştir. Klinik muayene, laboratuvar analizleri ve yapılan distemper hızlı kiti ile “old dog ensefalit” tespit edilmiştir. Klinik muayenede vücut ısısı, solunum sayısı ve kalp ritminde artış belirlenmiştir. Tedavi olarak intravenöz 0.9% NaCl ve 5% dekstroz solüsyonları, vitamin ve aminoasitler, seftriakson, N-asetil sistein, miyoklonusu kontrol altına almak için pregabalin uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak köpeklerin distemper virüsünün 6 yaşından büyük erişkin köpekleri “old dog ensefalit” olarak etkileyebileceği ve bu durumun insanlarda kızamık dahil demiyelinizasyon hastalıklarının daha ileri çalışmaları için değerli bir model olabileceği kanısına varılmıştır

Sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia in a calf

Sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia is a type of ventricular dysrhythmias which originated from more than one focus in ventricle and may lead to fatal arrhythmias like as ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. A seven days old female Holstein calve was referred to the Large Animals Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Selcuk University with a history of sudden collapse. Electrocardiography examination showed sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. Cardiac damage suspicion confirmed by elevation in serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) concentrations as cardiac damage enzymes