Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on inflammatory, leptin, IgA, and lipid peroxidation responses in obese males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with amoderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males. Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers. Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-g levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-g levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-g/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions. Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-g/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune systemand lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session ofMICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

Association of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and Iron Regulatory Protein 2 (IRP2) with <i>Leishmania</i> Burden in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

<div><p><i>Leishmania infantum</i> infection in humans and dogs can evolve with a wide range of clinical presentations, varying from asymptomatic infections to visceral leishmaniasis. We hypothesized that the immune response elicited by <i>L. infantum</i> infection could modulate whether the host will remain asymptomatic or progress to disease. A total of 44 dogs naturally infected with <i>L. infantum</i> were studied. <i>Leishmania</i> burden was estimated in the blood and spleen by qPCR. The expression of <i>IFN-γ</i>, <i>TNF-α</i>, <i>IL-10</i> and Iron Regulatory Protein 2 (IRP2) were determined in the spleen by quantitative PCR. Sera cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Dogs were grouped in quartiles according parasite burden. Increased expression of <i>IFN-γ</i> and <i>TNF-α</i> was associated with reduced <i>Leishmania</i> burden, whereas increased <i>IL-10</i> and <i>IRP2</i> expressions were associated with higher <i>Leishmania</i> load. Increased plasma albumin and <i>IFN-γ</i> expression explained 22.8% of the decrease in parasite burden in the spleen. These data confirm that lower IFN-γ response and higher <i>IL-10</i> correlated with increased parasite load and severity of the visceral leishmaniasis in dogs. The balance between the branches of immune response and the intracellular iron availability could determine, in part, the course of <i>Leishmania</i> infection. </p> </div

Spleen gene expression of cytokines and IRP2 in accordance to to <i>Leishmania</i> load.

<p><b>A</b>, IFN-γ.B, TNF-α.C, IL-10 and <b>D</b>, IRP2. ACTB was taken as housekeeping gene and the first quartile was used as the calibrator group, since it presented the lowest spleen parasitism estimated by kDNA. Analysis was performed by One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data.</p

Anti-Leishmania antibodies in accordance to <i>Leishmania</i> load in the spleen.

<p>A. Total anti-<i>Leishmania</i> IgG antibodies. B. Anti rK-39 antibodies. The cut-off values of 0.096 and 0.112 for SLA and rK-39, respectively, which corresponded to the mean of the results of five healthy dogs plus three standard deviations. The dashed line represents the cut off value for the test. C and D levels of IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses. Analysis was performed using One-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data.</p

<i>Leishmania</i> load in the blood and the spleen of dogs naturally infected with <i>Leishmania infantum</i>.

<p>A. Dogs were grouped in quartiles according to spleen parasite burden and levels were compared to <i>Leishmania</i> level in the blood. Analysis was performed Mann-Whitney test. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data. B. Dogs were grouped in accordance to <i>Leishmania</i> culture, positive or negative.</p

Sera albumin concentration in accordance to <i>Leishmania</i> load in the spleen.

<p>Analysis was performed by One-way ANOVA and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of the data.</p

Effects of high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous exercise on inflammatory, leptin, IgA, and lipid peroxidation responses in obese males

Purpose: To compare the effects of a single high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE) with amoderate-intensity continuous exercise session (MICE) on the inflammatory profile, IgA levels, and lipid peroxidation in sedentary obese males. Methods: Ten sedentary obese men (age 28.5 ± 2.7 years; BMI 35.9 ± 4.9 kg/m2; body fat 40.6 ± 2.0%) performed three experimental sessions, on separate days with 1 week wash-out period between interventions, according to a randomized order: (1) HIIE: 10 × 60 s at 90% of the HRmax alternated by 60 s of active recovery; (2) MICE: 20min at 70% of the HRmax; (3) Rest—control. Blood and saliva samples were collected before, immediately after and 60min after the end of each session in order to analyse serum levels of cytokines, IgA, and lipoperoxidation markers. Results: Leptin levels decreased immediately after HIIE (P = 0.033) and was different from the MICE (P = 0.025). IFN-g levels were reduced immediately after (P = 0.032) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.003) compared to baseline, and it also increased IL-4 levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.007) compared to resting values. MICE promoted an increase in IFN-g levels immediately after exercise (P = 0.025) and 60min after exercise (P = 0.004) in relation to baseline. Both exercise conditions increased IL-6 levels up to 60min after exercise (P < 0.05). The IFN-g/IL-4 ratio decreased immediately after (P = 0.002) and 60min after HIIE (P = 0.005) in relation to pre-exercise. No changes were found for IgA-S and TBARS for any of the conditions. Conclusion: A single HIIE session is able to decrease IFN-g/IL-4 ratio, indicating an anti-inflammatory response, without alterations in the function of the mucosal immune systemand lipoperoxidation. On the other hand, a brief session ofMICE induced changes in the pattern of cytokines associated with increased cellular immune function

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiva

Resumos concluídos - Saúde Coletiv