ASSESSMENT, EVALUATION AND ANALYSIS OF THE MEDICATION ERRORS OF THE PATIENTS ADMITTED AT THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF A SOUTH INDIAN CITY

OBJECTIVE: The study was to assess, evaluate and analyze the medication errors of the patients admitted at the Emergency Department of a tertiary care teaching hospital.METHODS: The study was conducted for 6 months. Data was collected from the patients  admitted in the Emergency Department. The collected data was analyzed to identify medication errors and prescription errors in emergency unit in hospital by using drug information tools like Micromedex, Drug interaction checker, Stockley drug interaction text, BNF, Journals with good impact factor etc.RESULTS: A total of 200 patients were enrolled in the study according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria in which 108 were males and 92 were females. 340 medication errors were obtained in 122 patients and 78 patients did not have any error. Medication errors were more commonly in the age group of 61-70 years (49%). In 340 medication errors, DDIs were the most (63.3%), followed by drug duplication (13.53%) and drugs given without indication (8.5%). In DDIs moderate interactions were the mostly seen error. On prescription analysis, drugs prescribed without strength (67.6%), omission error (16.4%), drugs prescribed without frequency (16%) was the most commonly seen. The most common pharmacological classification of drugs associated with medication errors were Antibiotics (25.6%), Anti-hypertensive drugs (13.65%) and Anti-platelet drugs (12.9%).CONCLUSION: Incidence of medication errors was mainly due to the use of Antibiotics. Due to the fast paced nature and overcrowding in ED, more number of prescription errors were obtained.   Â

Comparison of HPV-positive triage strategies combining extended genotyping with cytology or p16/ki67 dual staining in the Italian NTCC2 study

Background Each high-risk HPV genotype has different oncogenic potential, and the risk of CIN3+ varies according to genotype. We evaluated the performance of different strategies of HPV-positivity triage combining cytology, p16/ki67 dual staining (DS), and extended genotyping. Methods Samples from 3180 consecutive women from the NTCC2 study (NCT01837693) positive for HPV DNA at primary screening, were retrospectively analyzed by the BD Onclarity HPV Assay, which allows extended genotyping. Genotypes were divided into three groups based on the risk of CIN3+. HPV DNA-positive women were followed up for 24 months or to clearance. Findings Combining the three groups of genotypes with cytology or DS results we identify a group of women who need immediate colposcopy (PPV for CIN3+ from 7.8 to 20.1%), a group that can be referred to 1-year HPV retesting (PPV in those HPV-positive at retesting from 2.2 to 3.8), and a group with a very low 24-month CIN3+ risk, i.e. 0.4%, composed by women cytology or DS negative and positive for HPV 56/59/66 or 35/39/68 or negative with the Onclarity test, who can be referred to 3-year retesting. Interpretation Among the baseline HPV DNA positive/cytology or DS negative women, the extended genotyping allows to stratify for risk of CIN3+, and to identify a group of women with a risk of CIN3+ so low in the next 24 months that they could be referred to a new screening round after 3 years

PSS with Multiple FACTS Controllers Coordinated Design and Real-time Implementation using Advanced Adaptive PSO

In This article, coordinated tuning of power system stabilizer (PSS) with static var compensator (SVC) and thyristor controlled series capacitor (TCSC) in multi-machine power system is proposed. The design of proposed coordinated damping controller is formulated as an optimization problem and the controller gains are optimized instantaneously using advanced adaptive particle swarm optimization (AAPSO). The objective function is framed with the inter-area speed deviations of the generators and it is minimized using AAPSO to improve the dynamic stability of power system under severe disturbance. The proposed coordinated controller performance is evaluated under a wide range of system operating conditions with three-phase fault disturbance. Using time domain simulations the damping characteristics of proposed controller is compared with individually tuned PSS, SVC and TCSC controllers. Finally, the real-time simulations are carried out in Opal-RT hardware simulator to synchronize the proposed controller performance in the real world

Primary laryngeal malignant fibrous histiocytoma: review of the literature and report of seven cases

none4noneFerlito A.; NICOLAI, Piero; Recher G.; Narne S.Ferlito, A.; Nicolai, Piero; Recher, G.; Narne, S