Research on the making of Japanese language class to build <Authentic Learning>: "Zhuangzi" as a teaching material

This paper summarizes the results of research conducted to clarify the inner facts and methods of creating a Japanese language class that builds "authentic learning". In this research, first of all, we focused on the use of "language perspectives and ideas", which are considered to be unique to Japanese language studies, and searched for the specifics of them using "Zhuangzi" as a teaching material. By focusing on words that are different from previous learning ("人皆" and "此獨") , learning for modern social and cultural problems and individual problems that live in society and groups, it became clear that people can deepen their thoughts

Research on the making of Japanese language class to build <Authentic Learning>: " Zhuangzi " as a teaching material

本稿は、「深い学び」を構築する国語科授業づくりの内実や方法を明らかにするために行った研究の成果をまとめたものである。本研究では，まず国語科特有のものとされている「言葉による見方・考え方」を働かせることに注目し、その具体を、『荘子』「応帝王第七」「渾沌」を教材として探っていった。これまでの学習とは異なった言葉（「人皆」 と「此獨」）に着目することで，近現代の社会的，文化的な問題や社会や集団の中で生きる個の問題に対する，学習者の「思いや考え」を深めることができることが明らかとなった

A pilot study of patch Holter electrocardiograph recordings in healthy cats

Background: A patch Holter electrocardiograph (P-Holter) is cordless, making it lightweight, unlike the conventional Holter electrocardiograph (C-Holter). A P-Holter can also take continuous measurements for up to 14 days without replacing the battery or SD card.Aim: To compare the performance of the P-Holter and the C-Holter in healthy cats. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether multiday recordings with the P-Holter decrease sympathetic nerve activity or improve the accuracy of arrhythmia detection.Methods: Five healthy domestic short-haired cats were used for this study. Both a P-Holter and C-Holter were used on the first day, but only the P-Holter was used on days 2–6. The evaluated variables were the analyzable time of both Holter types, heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV), and the number of arrhythmia occurrences.Results: For two out of the five cats, measurement of P-Holter was interrupted. Eventually, continuous recordings using the P-Holters were able to be collected from all individuals for 6 days. The 24 hours analyzable time from the P-Holter and C-Holter was almost identical (p = 0.94). The 24 hours mean HR did not differ across Holter types (p = 0.67). In addition, the timing of the occurrences of arrhythmias was almost identical to the P-Holter and C-Holter. Results of HRV suggested that sympathetic nerve activity was likely to decrease and vagal nerve activity was likely to increase after 4–5 days of measurement, compared to the second day of measurement (p &lt; 0.05). When only the P-Holter was installed, the number of arrhythmia occurrences was similar on days 2–6.Conclusion: In this study, the P-Holter may be as useful as the C-Holter in cats with suspected intermittent arrhythmias, although the P-Holters were placed on cats without a clinical indication. However, cats may have individual differences in their adaptation to the device. P-Holter recordings taken for more than 4–5 days may allow the cat to acclimate to the device and reduce sympathetic nerve activity. The accuracy of arrhythmia detection across multiday P-Holter recordings requires further investigation using clinical cases