Toleria aritai Ogane & Kallies 2020

<i>Toleria</i> <i>aritai</i> Ogane & Kallies spec. nov. <p>(Figs 1-4, 9, 11, 15-17).</p> <p> <b>Type material.</b> Holotype: ♀, Vietnam, Ninh Binh Prov., Gia Vien, Cuc Phuong, 18. v. 2018, H. Ogane legit (Figs 1, 2, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, Japan, NSMT). Paratypes: 1 ♀, same data as holotype (collection A. Kallies, Melbourne, CAK); 1 ♀, same locality and date as holotype, A. Yoshida legit (Figs 3, 4; genitalia prep. Naoki Yata No. 053NY, 2018, NSMT); 1 ♀, Laos, Houapan, Phu Pan Xam Neua, 19-21. v. 2005, M. Takakuwa legit (NSMT); 1 ♀, Laos, Vientian, Vang Vieng, 22. v. 2005, S. Nakamura legit (NSMT).</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Female. Alar expanse 33 - 35 mm; forewing 14 - 15 mm, body 18 - 19 mm.</p> <p>Head: antenna simple, not serrate or clavate; proboscis well-developed; labial palpus long, upcurved, reaching beyond the base of the antennae, first segment black, with long and bushy scales, second segment rough, with shorter pale yellow scales, third segment smooth, pale yellow, about ¼ as long as second segment; frons shiny grey, white laterally; vertex black, with some yellow hair-like scales.</p> <p>Thorax: black dorsally, mixed with individual yellow hair-like scales; ventrally black, extensively covered by yellow scales; patagia black; metathorax black, with long yellow hair-like scales laterally.</p> <p>Forewing: transparent; veins and costal margin black, yellow closer to the base; external transparent area with distinct lines of scales projecting from the outer margin into the space between the veins; discal spot well-developed and somewhat pointed; veins R4 and R5 emerging separately from R3 (Figs 9, 11, 13).</p> <p>Hindwing: transparent, veins black, yellow close to the base, discal spot small but distinctly developed; fringe black, yellow in anal area; with a well-developed densely scaled fold along hindwing vein CuP (nomenclature following Eichlin & Duckworth 1988) (Figs 11, 13).</p> <p>Legs: mainly black; foreleg with few yellow scales, fore tarsus dirty yellow; mid and hind femurs with some soft yellow scales along posterior margins; mid and hind tibiae with long hair-like scales, bright pale yellow in basal half; mid tarsus dirty yellow; hind tarsus black to dirty yellow; tibial spurs long and dirty yellow.</p> <p>Abdomen: black; tergite 1 yellow; tergite 2 black, densely mixed with narrow yellow scales; anal tuft not developed.</p> <p>Female genitalia (Figs 15-17). Papillae anales broad, apophyses short, apophyses anteriores shorter than the apophyses posteriors; with a ventral projection along the anterior margin of segment 8 (red arrow), ductus bursae long, straight and narrow, with a sclerotized ring near the ostium; corpus bursae pear-shaped, with distinct signum and some transverse folds in the distal part.</p> <p>Male. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Superficially, this species is similar to species of <i>Dasysphecia</i>, in particular <i>D. bombylina</i> and <i>D. bombyliformis</i>. It also shows similarities with <i>Glossosphecia</i> species. However, the venation of the forewing (veins R4 and R5 emerging separately from R3, Figs 9, 11, 13) place this species in <i>Toleria</i>. Both <i>Dasysphecia</i> and <i>Glossosphecia</i> have forewing veins R4 and 5 stalked (Figs 10, 12, 14). Furthermore, species of <i>Dasysphecia</i> differ by their rudimentary proboscis, the lack of the scaled fold along hindwing vein CuP (Figs 11, 12) and the female genitalia (corpus bursae much smaller, without signum and without transverse folds, ductus bursae shorter and no ventral projections along the anterior margins of segment 8; only known for <i>D. bombylina</i>). <i>Toleria aritai</i> <b>spec. nov.</b> differs from all other species of <i>Toleria</i> immediately by the distinct black body and yellow marking (brown with extensive yellow marks in all other species), the long scales on the mid and hind tibiae (short in all other <i>Toleria</i>), the simple antennae (unipectinate in all other <i>Toleria</i> species), the well-developed labial palps (very small third segment in all other <i>Toleria</i> species) and the well-developed proboscis (rudimentary in all other <i>Toleria</i> species). Furthermore, other species of <i>Toleria</i> differ in their female genitalia (ventral projections along the anterior margins of segment 8 reduced, not linked to the base of the apophyses anteriores).</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from northern Vietnam and Laos.</p> <p> <b>Bionomics.</b> The host plant is unknown. All specimens were collected in the middle of May. The specimens from Cuc Phuong were found while flying slowly at the edge of subtropical rainforest at about 300 m elevation during sunny weather in the morning.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The name of this new species is dedicated to our teacher and friend Prof. Yutaka Arita, who made great contributions to the research of the clearwing moths of Vietnam.</p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on pages 125-130, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

Dasysphecia Hampson 1919

<i>Dasysphecia</i> Hampson, 1919 <p> (type species <i>Sphecia bombyliformis</i> Rothschild, 1911, original designation)</p> <p> <i>D. bombyliformis</i> (Rothschild, 1911), <i>Sphecia</i></p> <p> <i>D. bombylina</i> Arita & Kallies, 2005</p> <p> <i>D. ursina</i> Kallies & Arita, 2005</p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

Cissuvora Engelhardt 1946

<i>Cissuvora</i> Engelhardt, 1946 <p> (type species <i>Cissuvora ampelopsis</i> Engelhardt, 1946, original designation)</p> <p> <i>C. ampelopsis</i> Engelhardt, 1946</p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

------ A------ new------ species------ of------ the------ genus ------ Toleria------ Walker,------ [1865]------ from------ northern ------ Vietnam------ and Laos------with------establishment------of------ a------ new------generic ------synonymy------in------Cissuvorini------(Lepidoptera Sesiidae)

Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi, Yata, Naoki (2020): ------ A------ new------ species------ of------ the------ genus ------ Toleria------ Walker,------ [1865]------ from------ northern ------ Vietnam------ and Laos------with------establishment------of------ a------ new------generic ------synonymy------in------Cissuvorini------(Lepidoptera Sesiidae). Zootaxa 4728 (1): 123-132, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.

Toleria Walker 1865

<i>Toleria</i> Walker, [1865] <p> (type species <i>Toleria abiaeformis</i> Walker, [1865], by monotypy)</p> <p> <i>=</i> <i>Chimaerosphecia</i> Strand, [1916], <b>syn. rev.</b></p> <p> (type species <i>Chimaerosphecia aegerides</i> Strand, [1916], by monotypy)</p> <p> <i>T. abiaeformis</i> Walker, [1865]</p> <p> <i>=</i> <i>Aegeria sangaica</i> Zukowsky, 1932 <i>T. ilana</i> Arita & Gorbunov, 2001</p> <p> <i>T. aegerides</i> (Strand, [1916]), <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>, <b>comb. nov.</b></p> <p> <i>T. colochelyna</i> (Bryk, 1947), <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>, <b>comb. nov.</b></p> <p> <i>T. sinensis</i> (Walker, [1865]), <i>Sphecia</i>, <b>comb. rev.</b></p> <p> <i>T. aritai</i> Ogane & Kallies <b>spec. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

Glossosphecia Hampson 1919

<i>Glossosphecia</i> Hampson, 1919 <p> (type species <i>Sphecia contaminata</i> Butler, 1878, original designation)</p> <p> <i>G. contaminata</i> (Butler, 1878), <i>Sphecia</i></p> <p> <i>G. romanovi</i> (Leech, 1889), <i>Sphecia</i></p> <p> <i>G. huoshanensis</i> (Xu, 1993), <i>Cissuvora</i></p> <p> <i>G. melli</i> (Zukowsky, 1929), <i>Aegeria</i></p> <p> <i>G. sherpa</i> (Bartsch, 2003), <i>Toleria</i></p> <p> <i>G. sinensis</i> (Wang & Yang, 2002), <i>Cissuvora</i>, <b>comb. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on page 125, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

Cissuvorini Duckworth & Eichlin 1977

Cissuvorini <p> The tribe Cissuvorini currently consists of 15 species in 5 genera (Pühringer & Kallies 2017). Species of the genera <i>Toleria</i>, <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>, <i>Glossosphecia</i> and <i>Dasysphecia</i> occur mostly at the boundary between the Palaearctic and the Oriental regions (Spatenka <i>et al.</i> 1999, Kallies & Arita 2005), while <i>Cissuvora</i> Engelhardt, 1946, with one species, <i>Cissuvora ampelopsis</i> Engelhardt 1946, occurs in North America (Eichlin & Duckworth 1988). The biology of Cissuvorini is not well known. At present, the hostplants of only <i>G. romanovi</i> and <i>C. ampelopsis</i> are known; both feed in <i>Vitis</i> (Vitaceae). Most Cissuvorini are poorly represented in collections. They seem to be attracted only rarely to artificial pheromone lures (Kallies & Fukuzumi 1998, Bartsch 2003). <i>Glossosphecia</i> have a well-developed proboscis and were found visiting flowers. In Japan, <i>Glossosphecia contaminata</i> (Butler 1878) is known to visit flowers of <i>Cayratia japonica</i> (Thunberg) Gagn. (Vitaceae), and <i>Glossosphecia romanovi</i> (Leech, 1889) was observed visiting flowers of <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> Aiton (Oleaceae) and <i>Kalopanax septemlobus</i> (Thunb.) Koidz. (Araliaceae) (Sugiura <i>et al</i>. 2019). In China, <i>Glossosphecia sinensis</i> (Wang & Yang, 2002) <b>comb. nov.</b> was found on flowers of <i>Cissus</i> L. (Vitaceae) (Kallies, personal observation). Most species of <i>Toleria</i> have a rudimentary proboscis and thus are unlikely to feed, making them less likely to be detected. The precise relationship between Cissuvorini and other Sesiidae is currently unclear. The tribe clearly shows affinities to both Sesiini and Paranthrenini, but more work, in particular a molecular phylogeny, is required to resolve its precise position in Sesiidae and determine whether it can be maintained a valid tribe (Naumann 1971, Spatenka <i>et al.</i> 1999).</p> <p> The genus <i>Dasysphecia</i> is relatively well known. It was revised by Kallies & Arita (2005), who described two new species from Vietnam, bringing the number of currently known species to three. However, additional species are known to the authors showing that the genus occurs from the foothills of the Himalaya Mts in northern India throughout Nepal, southern China, Myanmar, Thailand and northern Vietnam (manuscript in preparation). Species of <i>Dasysphecia</i> are characterized by their bumblebee-like appearance, their forewing venation (R4, R5 stalked) and their female genitalia (corpus bursae small, simple, without signum).</p> <p> The genus <i>Glossosphecia</i> is represented by two well-known species in Japan, several species in China and one in Nepal. Until recently, it was considered a synonym of <i>Toleria</i> (Spatenka <i>et al.</i> 1999); however, it was treated as a valid genus by Arita & Gorbunov (1998) and subsequent authors (Pühringer & Kallies 2004, 2017, Kallies 2007). It differs from <i>Toleria</i> by the venation (R4, R5 stalked in <i>Glossosphecia</i>, R4, R5 arising separately from R 3 in <i>Toleria</i>), the presence of a well-developed proboscis (reduced in <i>Toleria</i>) and the morphology of the female antennae (simple in <i>Glossosphecia</i>, serrate in <i>Toleria</i>). From <i>Dasysphecia</i> it differs by the well-developed proboscis, the wasp-like appearance and the female genitalia (corpus bursae larger, with a well-developed signum and multiple transverse folds). Our study of the Asian Cissuvorini and examination of the relevant type material showed that <i>Cissuvora sinensis</i> Wang & Yang, 2002 belongs to the genus <i>Glossosphecia</i> (<b>comb. nov.</b>) and is closely related to <i>G. contaminata</i> (manuscript in preparation).</p> <p> The genus <i>Toleria</i> currently consists of only two species, <i>T</i>. <i>abiaeformis</i> Walker, [1865] and <i>T</i>. <i>ilana</i> Arita & Gorbunov, 2001, which occur in eastern mainland China and on Taiwan, respectively. However, our studies revealed that the concept of <i>Toleria</i> required revision and the inclusion of <i>Chimaerosphecia</i> (<b>syn. rev.</b>) as a younger subjective synonym, a view consistent with that of Spatenka <i>et al.</i> (1999). Arita & Gorbunov (1998) considered <i>Chimaerosphecia</i> a valid genus based on the constitution of forewing radial veins. Notably, <i>Chimaerosphecia</i> is only known from female specimens. In contrast, <i>Toleria</i> is well know from male specimens, the genitalia of which were studied by Naumann (1971) and Spatenka <i>et al.</i> (1999). The latter authors also provided figures of the female genitalia of <i>T. abiaeformis</i>, but it was unclear whether they indeed belonged to this species. The collection of a small series of clearly conspecific typical male and female <i>Toleria</i> specimens from mainland China, similar to <i>T. abiaeformis</i> (Figs 7, 8), has now allowed us to reassess the validity <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>. According to Arita & Gorbunov (1998), R3 is separate from R 2 in <i>Toleria</i>, while it branches off R 2 in <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>. Close examination of the forewing venation of our <i>Toleria</i> specimens shows that R3 branches off R 2 in exactly the position shown by Arita & Gorbunov (1998) for <i>C. aegerides</i>, the type species of <i>Chimaerosphecia</i>. The branch point, however, is weakly sclerotized and may thus have been overlooked by these authors. The male genitalia represent the classic <i>Toleria</i> morphology (Naumann 1971, Spatenka <i>et al.</i> 1999), the female genitalia are very similar to that of <i>C. aegerides</i> and <i>C. colochelyna</i> (see Arita & Gorbunov 1998, Gorbunov & Arita 2001). In particular, the shape of the signum, the folded structure of the bursa copulatrix, the ring-shaped antrum, the sclerotized ridge at the base of the ductus seminalis and the reduced sclerotized anterior margin of segment 8 are very similar to <i>C. aegerides.</i> Thus, we conclude that <i>Chimaerosphecia</i> represents a junior synonym of <i>Toleria</i>, which contains five species, all of which are known from mainland China and Taiwan. Our analyses of the newly discovered specimens from Vietnam and Laos revealed that they belong to an undescribed species that should be assigned to <i>Toleria</i>. We here described this species as <i>Toleria aritai</i> Ogane & Kallies <b>spec. nov.</b></p>Published as part of <i>Kallies, Axel, Ogane, Hiromichi & Yata, Naoki, 2020, A new species of the genus Toleria Walker, [1865] from northern Vietnam and Laos with establishment of a new generic synonymy in Cissuvorini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), pp. 123-132 in Zootaxa 4728 (1)</i> on pages 123-124, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.1.6, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/3614587">http://zenodo.org/record/3614587</a&gt

Impact of Expression Levels of Platinum-uptake Transporters Copper Transporter 1 and Organic Cation Transporter 2 on Resistance to Anthracycline/Taxane-based Chemotherapy in Triple-negative Breast Cancer

Adding platinum drugs to anthracycline/taxane (ANC-Tax)-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) improves pathological complete response (pCR) rates in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Copper transporter 1 (CTR1) and organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) critically affect the uptake and cytotoxicity of platinum drugs. We immunohistochemically determined CTR1 and OCT2 levels in pre-chemotherapy biopsies from 105 patients with HER2-negative breast cancer treated with ANC-Tax-based NAC. In the TNBC group, Ki-67 high [pathological good response (pGR), P = 0.04] was associated with response, whereas CTR1 high (non-pGR, P = 0.03), OCT2 high (non-pGR, P = 0.01; non-pCR, P = 0.03), and combined CTR1 high and/or OCT2 high (non-pGR, P = 0.005; non-pCR, P = 0.003) were associated with non-response. In multivariate analysis, Ki-67 high was an independent factor for pGR and CTR1 for non-pGR. Combined CTR1/OCT2 was a strong independent factor for non-pGR. However, no variables were associated with response in luminal BC. These results indicate that platinum uptake transporters are predominantly expressed in ANC-Tax-resistant TNBCs, which implies that advantage associated with adding platinum drugs may depend on high drug uptake