Development of Classification Method of the Flattened Body Surface Figures for the Mass Customization of Men\u27s Formal Jacket

The purpose of this study is to develop a new body shape classification method using variables measured on the flattened figures of men\u27s body surface. It is designed to reflect the concrete characteristics of the men\u27s formal jacket patterns so that it becomes easy to be utilized for the mass customization of men\u27s formal jacket. 152 men\u27s body scan surfaces were flattened into development figures using automatic flattening software and 17 angles and 2 size differences were measured on the flattened figures. The measured sizes were put into factor analysis and 5 factors are extracted: \u27Width and protrusion of hip\u27, \u27Anteroposterior position of hip\u27, \u27Bending of shoulder\u27, \u27Protrusion of chest\u27 and \u27Sway back\u27. K-means clustering were conducted using extracted factor scores and 152 subjects were classified into 5 flattened figure types of \u27straight\u27, \u27sway back\u27, \u27bend forward\u27, \u27lean back-b\u27 and \u27lea back-I\u27. An estimation model for the flattened body surface figure types was developed using logistic regression analysis. The agreements between logistic regression model and k-means clustering were 90.8% on average. It became possible to anticipate the specific shapes of flattened body surface figures of the random subjects using the results of this study. It could be applied to the mass customization system and will make it easy to offer the jacket patterns tailored to the individual consumer\u27s body shapes

Experimental Verification of Overlimiting Current by Surface Conduction and Electro-Osmotic Flow in Microchannels

Direct evidence is provided for the transition from surface conduction (SC) to electro-osmotic flow (EOF) above a critical channel depth (d) of a nanofluidic device. The dependence of the overlimiting conductance (OLC) on d is consistent with theoretical predictions, scaling as d[superscript −1] for SC and d[superscript 4 over 5] for EOF with a minimum around d=8  μm. The propagation of transient deionization shocks is also visualized, revealing complex patterns of EOF vortices and unstable convection with increasing d. This unified picture of surface-driven OLC can guide further advances in electrokinetic theory, as well as engineering applications of ion concentration polarization in microfluidics and porous media.Basic Science Research Program (Grant 2013R1A1A1008125)Global Frontier Project (Center for Integrated Smart Sensor. Grant CISS-2011-0031870)Future Based Technology Development Program (Nano Fields) (Grant 2012-0001033)Korea. Ministry of Health and Welfare (Grant HI13C1468)Korea. Ministry of Health and Welfare (Grant HI14C0559)Korea (South). Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning (Korean Health Technology RND Project

Enhanced magnetic and thermoelectric properties in epitaxial polycrystalline SrRuO3 thin film

Transition metal oxide thin films show versatile electrical, magnetic, and thermal properties which can be tailored by deliberately introducing macroscopic grain boundaries via polycrystalline solids. In this study, we focus on the modification of the magnetic and thermal transport properties by fabricating single- and polycrystalline epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films using pulsed laser epitaxy. Using epitaxial stabilization technique with atomically flat polycrystalline SrTiO3 substrate, epitaxial polycrystalline SrRuO3 thin film with crystalline quality of each grain comparable to that of single-crystalline counterpart is realized. In particular, alleviated compressive strain near the grain boundaries due to coalescence is evidenced structurally, which induced enhancement of ferromagnetic ordering of the polycrystalline epitaxial thin film. The structural variations associated with the grain boundaries further reduce the thermal conductivity without deteriorating the electronic transport, and lead to enhanced thermoelectric efficiency in the epitaxial polycrystalline thin films, compared with their single-crystalline counterpart.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure

Identification of the antibacterial action mechanism of diterpenoids through transcriptome profiling

Effective antibacterial substances of Aralia continentalis have anti-biofilm and bactericidal activity to the oral pathogen Streptococcus mutans. In this study, three compounds extracted from A. continentalis were identified as acanthoic acid, continentalic acid, and kaurenoic acid by NMR and were further investigated how these diterpenoids affect the physiology of the S. mutans. When S. mutans was exposed to individual or mixed fraction of diterpenoids, severe growth defects and unique morphology were observed. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in the cell membrane was increased compared to that of saturated fatty acids in the presence of diterpenoids. Genome-wide gene expression profiles with RNA-seq were compared to reveal the mode of action of diterpenoids. Streptococcus mutans commonly enhanced the expression of 176 genes in the presence of the individual diterpenoids, whereas the expression of 232 genes was considerably reduced. The diterpenoid treatment modulated the expression of genes or operon(s) involved in cell membrane synthesis, cell division, and carbohydrate metabolism of S. mutans. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the antibacterial effect of diterpenoids to control S. mutans infection, which causes human dental caries

One-ninth magnetization plateau stabilized by spin entanglement in a kagome antiferromagnet

The spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on a Kagome lattice is geometrically frustrated, which is expected to promote the formation of many-body quantum entangled states. The most sought-after among these is the quantum spin liquid phase, but magnetic analogs of liquid, solid, and supersolid phases may also occur, producing fractional plateaus in the magnetization. Here, we investigate the experimental realization of these predicted phases in the Kagome material YCu3(OD)6+xBr3-x (x=0.5). By combining thermodynamic and Raman spectroscopic techniques, we provide evidence for fractionalized spinon excitations and observe the emergence of a 1/9 magnetization plateau. These observations establish YCu3(OD)6+xBr3-x as a model material for exploring the 1/9 plateau phase.Comment: to appear in Nature Physics, 33 pagses, 15 figure

Enhanced magnetic and thermoelectric properties in epitaxial polycrystalline SrRuO3 thin film

Transition metal oxide thin films show versatile electrical, magnetic, and thermal properties which can be tailored by deliberately introducing macroscopic grain boundaries via polycrystalline solids. In this study, we focus on the modification of the magnetic and thermal transport properties by fabricating single- and polycrystalline epitaxial SrRuO3 thin films using pulsed laser epitaxy. Using epitaxial stabilization technique with atomically flat polycrystalline SrTiO3 substrate, epitaxial polycrystalline SrRuO3 thin film with crystalline quality of each grain comparable to that of single-crystalline counterpart is realized. In particular, alleviated compressive strain near the grain boundaries due to coalescence is evidenced structurally, which induced enhancement of ferromagnetic ordering of the polycrystalline epitaxial thin film. The structural variations associated with the grain boundaries further reduce the thermal conductivity without deteriorating the electronic transport, and lead to enhanced thermoelectric efficiency in the epitaxial polycrystalline thin films, compared with their single-crystalline counterpart.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure