DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF DIPOLAR INTERACTIONS ON THE SPECIFIC LOSS POWER OF Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4

In this work, isothermal magnetization and initial dc susceptibility of spheroidal, nearly monodisperse Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O4 nanoparticles (typical diameter: 20 nm) prepared by a hydrothermal route have been measured between 10 and 300 K. The high-temperature inverse magnetic susceptibility was always found to follow a linearly temperature dependence. The deviation from the standard superparamagnetic behavior is related to dipolar interaction among nanoparticles. The results are well explained using interacting superparamagnetic model, which is basically a mean field theory. As a consequence, the dipolar interaction affected the specific loss power of Mn0.7Zn0.3Fe2O

A Hybrid of Adaptation and Dynamic Routing based on SDN for Improving QoE in HTTP Adaptive VBR Video Streaming

Recently, HTTP Adaptive Streaming HAS has received significant attention from both industry and academia based on its ability to enhancing media streaming services over the Internet. Recent research solutions that have tried to improve HAS by adaptation at the client side only may not be completely effective without interacting with routing decisions in the upper layers. In this paper, we address the aforementioned issue by proposing a dynamic bandwidth allocation and management architecture for streaming video flows to improve users satisfaction. We also introduce an initial cross layer hybrid method that combines quality adaptation of variable bitrate video streaming over the HTTP protocol at the client side and SDN based dynamical routing. This scheme is enabled by the Software Defined Networking architecture that is now being considered as an emerging paradigm that disassociates the forwarding process from the routing process. SDN brings flexibility and the ability to flexibly change routing solutions, in turn resulting in dynamically improving the services provided in the application layer. Our experimental results show that the proposed solution offers significantly higher overall bitrates as well as smoother viewing experience than existing methods.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures, IJCSNS International Journal of Computer Science and Network Security, http://paper.ijcsns.org/07_book/201907/20190708.pd

Solutions to restructuring the network of teacher training institutions in Vietnam

This paper presents an overview of systematising teacher training institutions in several countries around the world and investigates the limitations of Vietnam’s teacher training system. Based on the practical survey and analyzing the opinion of educational experts, the paper proposes a number of solutions for restructuring the teacher training system in Vietnam to overcome the limitations of planning the teacher training institutions and developing their competencies, thereby review, arrange and form a number of key pedagogical universities and other satellite pedagogical universities/ colleges to meet the current requirements of teacher training education

Determinants Influencing Vietnamese Farmers’ Intention in Applying New Technologies in Agricultural Farming

This paper used survey data from 273 farmers planting fruit trees in 23 provinces to assess the impact of some factors on the intention of applying new technologies to agricultural production of Vietnamese farmers. Research results have identified and measured a number of factors that have a positive impact and some negative factors hinder farmers' intention to apply new technologies. These findings are the basis to recommend policies and solutions to promote Vietnamese farmers to apply new technologies. Keywords: Agricultural farming; Applicability, Belief; Benefit; Market demand; Communication DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-6-06 Publication date: February 29th 2020

PROBABILISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD ASSESSMENT FOR THE TRANH RIVER HYDROPOWER PLANT NO2 SITE, QUANG NAM PROVINCE

In this paper, the results of probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA) for the Tranh river hydropower plant No2 site, Quang Nam province, are presented. A regional earthquake catalog updated until 2014 and most recent data on active faulting in the area with a radial extent of 100 km from the HPP site were used. Applied modern techniques in the PSHA methodology including logic tree and hazard disaggregation allow to adopt different models of seismicity, seismic sources and ground motions for the study area. A set of the probabilistic seismic hazard maps showing distribution of the median peak ground acceleration (PGA) and intensity I (according to the MSK-64 scale) predicted for the periods of approximately 200, 500, 1000 and 10.000 years, respectively was compiled for the region. For the HPP site, the calculated hazard is presented in terms of the hazard curves and the seismic hazard disaggregation graphics at the site. For the 500 year period, maximum shaking in the area with a radial extent of 100 km from the HPP site reaches the level VIII-IX of the MSK-64 scale (in the Tam Ky-Phuoc Son fault zone). At the HPP site, the maximum PGA value ranges between 0.1g and 0.13 g (VII-VIII levels in the MSK-64 scale). The PGA maps present both short - term and long - term forecasts of seismic hazard in Quang Nam province. Calculated shakings at the HPP’s site can be used for seismic safety evaluation and antiseismic design for the HPP’s facilities during its operational time. References Budnitz, R.J., Apostolakis G., Boore D. M., Cluff L. S., Coppersmith K. J., Cornell C. A., Morris P. A., 1997. Recommendation for Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis: Guidance on Uncertainty and Use of Experts. NUREG/CR-6732, 1. Cornell, C.A., 1968. Engineering Seismic Risk Analysis, Bull. Seim. Soc. Am., 58, 1583-1606. Crowley, H., D. Monelli, M. Pagani, V. Silva, G. Weatherill, 2011. OpenQuake Book. The GEM Foundation, Pavia, Italy. Esteva, L., 1968. Bases para la formulacion de decisiones de diseno sismico. PhD thesis, Universidad Autonoma Nacional de Mexico. Gumbel, E. J., 1958. Statistics of Extremes, Columbia University Press. Nguyen Hong Phuong (Editor), 2013. Assessment of earthquake and tsunami hazards in the Ninh Thuan province for site approval of the NPPs”.  Final report of the 2013 National Scentific Research Project, Institute of Geophysics, Hanoi, 2013 (in Vietnamese). Nguyen Hong Phuong , Que Cong Bui, Xuyen Dinh Nguyen, 2012. Investigation of tsunami sources, capable of affecting the Vietnamese coast. Natural Hazards, 64(1), 311-327. DOI: 10.1007/s11069-012-0240-3, Nguyen Hong Phuong, 2004. Seismic Hazard Maps of Vietnam and the East Vietnam Sea. Journal of Earth’s Sciences, 26(2), 97-111, 2004 (in Vietnamese). Nguyen Hong Phuong, Bui Cong Que, Vu Ha Phuong and Pham The Truyen, 2014. Scenario-based Tsunami Hazard Assessment for the coast of Vietnam from the Manila Trench source. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors. DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2014.07.003. Nguyen Hong Phuong, Pham The Truyen, 2015. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Maps of Vietnam and the East Vietnam Sea. Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 15(1), 77-90. DOI: 10.15625/1859-3097/15/1/6083 (in Vietnamese). Nguyen Ngoc Thuy et al., 2003. Assessment of seismic hazard for the Tranh River hydropower plant No2. A pre-feasebility report, Institute of Geophysics, Hanoi, October 2003, 75 p. (in Vietnamese). Nguyen, L. M., et al, 2012. The first peak ground motion attenuation relationships for North of Vietnam, Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.09.012. OYO corporation, 2013. Research, Detailed Review of Geological Condition, Geodynamics and Geological Activities in Song Tranh 2 Hydropower Area (Bac Tra My District, Quang Nam Province). Draft Final Report No.: 01/2013/SACQI-OYO,  101 pp. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, 2008. NGA model for average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), Petersen Mark D., James Dewey, Stephan Hartzell, Charles Mueller, Stephan Harmsen, Arthur D. Frankel, Ken Rukstales, 2004. Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for Sumatra, Indonesia and across the Southern Malaysian Peninsula. Tectonophysics, 390, 141-158. Toro, G. R., 2002. modification of the Toro et al. (1997) attenuation equations for large magnitudes and short distances. Risk Engineering Incl., June. Toro, G. R., Abrahamson, N. A., and Schneider, J. F., 1997. Engineering model of strong ground motions from earthquakes in the central and eastern United States. Seismological Research Letters, 68(1): 41-57. Tran Viet Hung and Kiyomiya, O., 2012. Ground motion attenuation relationship for shallow strike-slip earthquakes in northern Vietnam based on strong motion records from Japan, Vietnam and adjacent regions, Structural Eng./Earthquake Eng., JSCE, 29, 23-39. Vu Van Chinh (Editor), 2015. Study and detailed evaluation of the regional seismotectonic characteristics and their impact to the stability of the Tranh River hydropower plant No2 and Northern Tra My area, Quang Nam province. A Thematic report of the 2013 National Scentific Research Project ” Study of the seismotectonic impact to the stability of the Tranh River hydropower plant No2 in Northern Tra My area, Quang Nam province”, Institute of Geophysics, Hanoi, 2015 (in Vietnamese). Wieland M., 2010. Selecting seismic parameters for large dames - Guidelines. ICOLD Bulletin 72, 2010 Revision

Identification of non plastidic adp-glucose pyrophosphorylase unconventional partners in Arabidopsis thaliana

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ATP: alpha-glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ADGase) previously has been studied as a key regulatory enzyme in the starch biosynthetic pathway in plant. Surprisingly, ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small subunit APS1 (ADG1) was found not only in chloroplast but also in non plastidic region, especially, small proportion in nucleus. To elucidate the novel mechanisms underlying non plastidic ADG1 actions, yeast two-hybrid screening method was used to identify proteins associated with ADG1. Yeast two hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay were used to confirm the interaction between ADG1 and interacting candidates. Furthermore, localization of interacting proteins was analyzed using Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) fusion proteins under laser scanning microscopy. Two protein RPC4 (RNA polymerase III subunit) and LSU3 (Response to low Sulfur 3) were confirmed as strong candidates which interact with ADG1. Therefore, we hypothesized that non plastidic localized-ADG1 might have additional function which mediate plant cellular metabolism status and intracellular signaling to regulate proper plant growth and development

Influence of Reaction Temperature on Optical Property of Mn-Doped ZnS Nanoparticles

The reaction temperature has essential effect on quality of the product synthesized by hydrothermal method. We report here the variation of the optical characteristics of Mn-doped ZnS nanocrystallites prepared by mean of the stated method from Zn(CH$_{3}$COO)$_{2}$.2H$_{2}$O, Mn(CH$_{3}$COO)$_{2}$.4H$_{2}$O and Na$_{2}$S$_{2}$O$_{3}$.5H$_{2}$O as the precursors. The reaction temperature was set to vary from 120\r{}C to 240\r{}C at a constant reaction time of 15 hours. The XRD patterns showed that, for the reaction temperature range from 120 to 160\r{}C, the obtained products possessed a cubic $T_d^2 - F\overline 4 3m$ and a wurtzite $C_{6v}^4 - P6_3 mc$structure, in which the cubic phase was dominant. At the temperature range from 180 to 240\r{}C, the structures exhibited a cubic phase with the lattice constant increased from 5.41 to 5.43 {\AA}. The photoluminescence spectra showed that with the increase of reaction temperature from 120 to 240\r{}C the intensity of a blue band around 425 - 500 nm (attributed to both Zn, S vacancies) gradually decreased while the intensity of a yellow-orange band at 585 nm (attributed to the $^{4}$T$_{1}(^{4}$G) - $^{6}$A$_{1}(^{6}$S) transition of Mn$^{2 + }$ ions) was enhanced and reached maximum at 220\r{}C. The excitation spectra of the 585 nm band recorded at 160\r{}C showed a band at 335 nm which should be assigned to the near band-edge absorption. With increasing temperature to 200-240\r{}C the new bands appeared at 390, 430, 467, 494 nm. The intensity of these bands increased with temperature and achieved the maxima at 220\r{}C. They should be attributed to the absorption transitions of electrons from ground state $^{6}$A$_{1}(^{6}$S) to excited states$^{ 4}$E($^{4}$D); $^{4}$T$_{2}(^{4}$D); $^{4}$A$_{1}(^{4}$G) - $^{4}$E($^{4}$G); $^{4}$T$_{2}(^{4}$G) of Mn$^{2 + }$(3d$^{5})$ ions, respectively. The bands at 467, 494 nm only exposed clearly in the absorption spectra at 220\r{}C and 240\r{}C

Development of a Web-GIS based Decision Support System for earthquake warning service in Vietnam

This paper describes the development of a Decision support system (DSS) for earthquake warning service in Vietnam using Web GIS technology. The system consists of two main components: (1) an on-line database of earthquakes recorded from the national seismic network of Vietnam, and (2) a set of tools for rapid seismic hazard assessment. Using an online earthquake database, the system allows creating a shake map caused by a newly recorded earthquake. In addition, the Web GIS environment allows any user, including non-professional to get useful information about a just-occurred event and the possible impact caused by the earthquake shortly after its occurrence. A fault-source model developed for Vietnam was used as a part of the hazard calculation and mapping procedure. All information and results obtained from the system are automatically included in the earthquake bulletins, which will be disseminated national wide afterward by the Vietnam earthquake information and tsunami warning Center.The shake maps produced by the DSS in terms of both Peak Ground Acceleration and intensity values are rapidly available via the Web and can be used for emergency response, public information, loss estimation, earthquake planning, and post-earthquake engineering and scientific analyses. Application of the online decision support system in earthquake warning service can mitigate the earthquake risk and reduce the losses and damages due to earthquakes in Vietnam in future.ReferencesBoore D.M., Joyner W.B. and Fumal T.E., 1994. Estimation of Response Spectra and Peak Acceleration from Wester North American earthquakes: an interim report, USGS open file report, 94-127, Menlo Park, California, United States Geological Survey.Boore D.M. and Atkinson G.M., 2008. Ground-Motion Prediction Equations for the Average Horizontal Component of PGA, PGV, and 5%-Damped PSA at Spectral Periods between 0.01 s and 10.0 s. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 1-341.Bui Van Duan, Nguyen Anh Duong, 2017.  The relation between fault movement potential and seismic activity of major faults in Northwestern Vietnam. Vietnam J. Earth Sci., 39, 240-255.Campbell K.W. and Bozorgnia Y., 1994. Near-Source Attenuation of Peak Horizontal Acceleration from Worldwide Accelerograms Recorded from 1957 to 1993, Proceedings, Fifth U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Chicago, Illinois, July 10-14: V(III), 283-292.Campbell K.W. and Bozorgnia Y., 2008. NGA Ground Motion Model for the Geometric Mean Horizontal Component of PGA, PGV, PGD and 5% Damped Linear Elastic Response Spectra for Periods Ranging from 0.01 to 10s. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 1-341.Cauzzi C., Edwards B., Fäh D., Clinton J., Wiemer S., Kastli F., Cua G. and Giardini D., 2014. On the customisation of shakemap for optimised use in Switzerland, 2014. Proceedings of the 2nd European Conference on Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Istanbul, August 25-29, 1-10.Center for International Earth Science Information Network - CIESIN - Columbia University, 2016. Documentation for the Gridded Population of the World, Version 4 (GPWv4). Palisades NY: NASA Socioeconomic Data and Applications Center (SEDAC). http://dx.doi.org/10.7927/H4D50JX4 Accessed April 2018.Chiou B.S.-J. and Youngs R.R., 2008. An NGA Model for the Average Horizontal Component of Peak Ground Motion and Response Spectra. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 1-341.Cornell, C.A., 1968. Engineering seismic risk analysis. Bull. Seis. Soc. Amer., 58(5), 1583-1606.Der Kiureghian and A. S-H. Ang, 1977. A fault rupture model for seismic risk analysis, Bull. Seim. Soc. Am., 67(4), 233-241.Douglas B.M. and Ryall A., 1977. Seismic risk in linear source regions, with application to the San Adreas fault, Bull. Seis. Soc. Amer., 67, 729-754.Marreiros, C. and Carrilho, F., 2012. The ShakeMap at the Instituto de Meteorologia. The proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal September 24-28.Nguyen Le Minh, et al., 2012. The first peak ground motion attenuation relationships for North of Vietnam. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences. Doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.09.012.Nguyen Dinh Xuyen and Tran Thi My Thanh, 1999. To find a formula for computing ground acceleration in strong earthquake in Vietnam, J. Sci. of the Earth, 21, 207-213 (in Vietnamese).Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, 2008. NGA model for average horizontal component of peak ground motion and response spectra. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 1-341.Tran V.H. and Kiyomiya O., 2012. Ground motion attenuation relationship for shallow strike-slip earthquakes in northern Vietnam based on strong motion records from Japan, Vietnam and adjacent regions, Structural Eng./Earthquake Eng., JSCE, 29, 23-39.Toro G.R., Abrahamson N.A. and Schneider J.F., 1997. Engineering Model of Strong Ground Motions from Earthquakes in the Central and Eastern United States, Seismological Research Letters, January/February.Wald D.J., Worden B.C., Quitoriano V. and Pankow K.L., 2006. ShakeMap Manual. Technical manual, users guide, and software guide.Wald D.L., Wald B. Worden and Goltz J., 2003. ShakeMap - a tool for earthquake response. U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet 087-03.Wells D.L. and Coppersmith K.J., 1994. New Empirical Relationships Among Magnitude, Rupture Length, Rupture Width, and Surface Displacement, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 84, 974-1002.

Endoparasites in pigs raised in smallholder farms in Hung Yen province of Vietnam

As being part of an ongoing project, assessing animal health and food safety risks in smallholder pig value chains in Hung Yen province of Vietnam, the presence of endoparasites was investigated in a repeated study. Three communes, with a total of 545 smallhoder pig farms, from three districts were selected. In each commune, ten farms were randomly chosen. On farm data including farm management and biosecurity measures were recorded by using a checklist and observations. From each farm, one pooled fecal sample was collected from a randomly chosen barn monthly and followed from June to December 2014 for seven months. Fecal samples were analyzed for intestinal parasites by floatation and sedimentation methods. The intensity of most commonly seen parasites was determined by the McMaster counting technique. In 198 collected fecal samples, six types of parasites were detected, namely Eimeria 89 (44.95%), Ascaris suum 43 (21.72%), Strongyloides sp. 41 (20.71%), Trichocephalus suis 19 (9.60%), Fasciolopsis buski 10 (5.05%), and Fasciola 2 (1.01%). Highest intensities were observed for Eimeria (maximum 80900 oocyst/g), followed by Ascaris suum (2400 egg/g), Strongyloides sp. (1900 egg/g), and Trichocephalus suis (1300 egg/g); the others were reported at much lower intensities. Infection levels and intensities of the parasites tended to be higher during the hot months, June to September. No significant difference between communes was found. At least one type of parasites was present in 137 samples (69.19%). Most of farms (96.67%) were positive for at least one type of parasites in at least one sample. There was a significant difference in infection level of endoparasites between biogas and non-biogas farms. The general high parasite burden reported in this study will be addressed in future interventions which will include parasite control apart from other measures

Assessment of earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard in urban areas of Hanoi city using LPI-based method

Liquefaction Potential Index (LPI) is used as an assessing tool of liquefaction potential. In this study, the LPI-based method was applied to evaluate the earthquake-induced liquefaction potential for the urban area of Hanoi city. The data used includes 120 boreholes logs, containing necessary geomechanical information such as fine contents, specific gravity, dry density, porosity, N (SPT) values and the groundwater depth Z(w) of subsoil layers in every borehole. The “simplified procedure” proposed by Seed and Idriss was applied to evaluate the liquefaction of all subsoil layers in each borehole point. Then, the Liquefaction Potential Index was calculated for the whole soil column at al boreholes points using the method proposed by Iwasaki. Finally, the obtained LPI values were used to assess the liquefaction probability for an urban area of Hanoi city, using the empirical formula proposed by Papathanassiou and two earthquake scenarios originated on the Chay river fault with magnitudes of 5.3 and 6.5, respectively.For entire study area, the first scenario earthquake (Mw=5.3) is not capable of causing liquefaction (PG0.1). This means that the downtown area of Hanoi city is non-liquefiable to the medium magnitude events. Results of the second scenario (Mw=6.5) show in worst cases, an earthquake with magnitude, maximum expected for Hanoi region can produce liquefaction throughout the downtown area of Hanoi city. The highest liquefaction probability of 0.7PG≤0.9 is distributed in two large areas, where the first one is observed in Thanh Tri district, eastern part of Ha Dong, a smaller areas of the Thanh Xuan, Tu Liem and Cau Giay districts, while the second area covers Hoan Kiem district, a northern part of Hai Ba Trung district and northwestern part of Long Bien district.This is the first time the LPI based method was applied for evaluation of earthquake-induced liquefaction for Hanoi city. The most advantage of the method is that it can be easy to use, although the reliability of the results depends very much on number and distribution of the borehole data. Nevertheless, the combination of this method with other available methods can help effectively solving the problem of urban seismic risk assessment for the mega-cities in Vietnam.References Bui Cong Que, 1983. The new results in study of the crustal Structure for the territory of Vietnam. J. Sci. of the Earth, 5(1), 17-24 (in Vietnamese).Bui Van Duan, Nguyen Cong Thang, Nguyen Van Vuong, Phạm Dinh Nguyen, 2013. The magnitude of the largest possible earthquake in the Muong La- Bac Yen fault zone. J. Sci. of the Earth, 35, 49-53 (in Vietnamese).Day R.W., 2002. Geotechnical Earthquake engineering Handbook. McGRaw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronro. Printed and bound by R.R. Donnelley Sons Company.Dixit J., Dewaikar D.M.and Jangid R.S., 2012. Assesment of liquefaction potential index for Mumbai city. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 12, 2759-2768.Federal Emergency Management Agency, 1999. NEHRP recommended Provisions for Seismic Regulations for New Buildings, Washington, D. C., Developed by the Building Seismic Safety Council (BSSC) for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA).Gillins D.T., 2016. Probabilistic Liquefaction Potential and Lateral Spread Hazard Maps for Utah County, Utah: Collaborative Research with Brigham Young University and Oregon State University. USGS Award Numbers: G14AP00118 G14AP00119.Term of Award: 08/01/2014 - 01/31/2016.Tran Dinh Hoa and Bui Manh Duy, 2013. Earthquake-induced liquefaction foudation and the methods of assessment for liquefaction foundation for Kinh Lo barrier Ho Chi Minh City. Journal of Water Resources Science and Technology, 15(4), 21-29.Ishihara K., 1985. Stability of natural deposits during earthquakes. Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, The Nertherlands, 321-376.Iwasaki T., Tatsuoka F., Tokida K. and Yasuda S., 1978. A practicalmethod for assessing soil liquefaction potential based oncase studies at various sites in Japan, In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Microzonation for Safer Construction-Research and Application, San Francisco, Calif., 26 November-1 December. American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, 2, 885-896.Iwasaki T., Arakawa T. and Tokida K., 1982. Simplified proceduresfor assessing soil liquefaction during earthquakes. InProceedingsof the Conference on Soil Dynamics and EarthquakeEngineering, Southampton, UK, 13-15 July 1982. Balkema,Rotterdam, the Netherlands, 925-939.Kircher C.A., Whitman R.V., Holmes W.T., 2006. HAZUS earthquake loss estimation methods. Nat Hazards Rev, 7(2), 45-59.Kongar I., Rossetto T., Giovinazzi S., 2016. Evaluating Simplified Methods for Liquefaction Assessment for Loss Estimation. Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss. Doi:10.5194/nhess-2016-281.Li D.K., Juang C.H. and Andrus R.D., 2006. Liquefaction potentialindex: a critical assessment, Journal of GeoEngineering,Taiwan Geotechnical Society, 1(1), 11-24.Liu F., Li Z., Jiang M., Frattini P. and Crosta G., 2016. Quantitative - induced lateral spead hazard mapping. Engineering Geology, 207, 36-47. Doi: 10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.04.001.Mustafa Erdik, K. S˘es˘etyan, M.B. Demirciog˘lu, C. Zu¨lfikar, U. Hancılar, C. Tu¨zu¨n, and E. Harmandar., 2014. Rapid Earthquake Loss Assessment After Damaging Earthquakes. Perspectives on European Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, 1, 53-95.Nguyen Hong Phuong, 2000. An algorithm for seismic risk assessment in Vietnam using a GIS. J. Sci. of the Earth, 22(3), 210-222 (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Hong Phuong (Project Manager), 2002. Study of seismic risk of Hanoi city. Project code 01C-04/09-2001-2. Institute for Marine Geology and Geophysics, VAST.Nguyen Hong Phuong, 2003. Development of a DSS for seismic risk assessment and Loss reduction using GIS technology. Contributions of the Marine Geophysics and Geology, VII, 62-78 (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Hong Phuong (Project Manager), 2003. Study of seismic risk of Hanoi city. Final report of the National scientific research Project 01C-04/09-2001-2, Hanoi (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Hong Phuong (Project Manager), 2007.  Application of GIS technology to Development of a model for seismic risk analysis for Hanoi city. Final Report of Research Project, Institute for Marine Geology and Geophysics, VAST.Nguyen Hong Phuong, 2008. Assessment of earthquake risk for Ho Chi Minh city using GIS and mathematical models. Final Report of Research Project, Institute of Geophysics, VAST (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Hong Phuong, 2009. Integrated Spatial decision support Systems for Urban Emergencies (ISSUE), Final Report of Vietnam-French Research Project, Hanoi.Nguyen Huy Phuong (Project Manager), 2010.  Study on the phenomenon of coherent action and changes reliability of   Hanoi bottom land under the impact of dynamic load in order to improve the geotechnical information system for sustainable development and disaster prevention. Hanoi University of Mining and Geology.Nguyen Hong Phuong (Project Manager), 2014.  Estimation of Site Effects and Assessment of Urban Seismic Risk for Hanoi city. National Scientific Research Project Final report. Institute of Geophysics, VAST.Papathanassiou G., 2008. LPI-based approach for calibrating theseverity of liquefaction-induced failures and for assessing theprobability of liquefaction surface evidence. Engineering Geology, 96(1-2), 94-104. Doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.10.005.Phan Trong Trinh, Hoang Quang Vinh, Leloup Philippe Hervé, Giuliani G., Vincent Garnier., Tapponnier P., 2004. Cenozoic deformation, thermodynamic evolution, slip mechanism of Red River shear zone and ruby formation. Science and Technics Publishing House, Hanoi, 5-72 (In Vietnamese with English abstract).Phan Trong Trinh, Ngo Van Liem, Nguyen Van Huong, Hoang Quang Vinh, Bui Van Thom, Bui Thi Thao, Mai Thanh Tan, Nguyen Hoang, 2012. Late Quaternary tectonics and seismotectonics along the Red River fault zone, North Vietnam. Earth-Science Reviews, 114, 224-235.Phan Trong Trinh, Hoang Quang Vinh, Nguyen Van Huong, Ngo Van Liem, 2013. Active fault segmentation and seismic hazard in Hoa Binh reservoir, Vietnam. Cent. Eur. J. Geosci., 5(2), 223-235.Jaimes M.A, Niño M., Reinoso E., 2015. Regional map of earthquake-induced liquefaction hazard using the lateral spreading displacement index DLL, 77, 1595-1618.Juang C.H., et al., 2002. Assessing Probability-based Methodsfor Liquefaction Potential Evaluation. Journal of geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 128(7), 580-589.Juang C.H., Yang S.H., Yuan H., Fang S.Y., 2005. Liquefaction inthe Chi-Chi earthquake: effect of fines and capping non-liquefiablelayers. Soils and Foundations, 45(6), 89-101.Juang C.H., Li D.K., 2007. Assessment of liquefaction hazards in Charleston quadrangle South Carolina. Engineering Geology, 92, 59-72. Doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2007.03.003.Juang C.H., Chang Y.O., Lu C.C., Luo Z., 2010. Probabilistic framework for assessing liquefactionhazard at a given site in a specified exposure timeusing standard penetration testing. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 47(6), 674-687. https://doi.org/10.1139/T09-127.Seed H.B., and  Idriss I.M., 1971. Simplified procedure for evaluatingsoil liquefaction potential. Journal of the Soil Mechanics andFoundations Division, ASCE, 97(9), 1249-1273.Vu Thanh Tam (Project Manager), 2014. Study and propose a reasonable threshold for preventing the subsidence caused by ground water exploitation, pilot application for downtown area of the Hanoi city. Final report of the Scientific research and technology development Project, National Center for water resource planning and investigation. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment.Nguyen Ngoc Thuy (Project manager), 2004. “Study, supplement and enhancement of the 1:25,000 scale seismic microzonning map of the expanded Hanoi city, development of the ground motion characteristics database in Hanoi in accordance with the map”. Final report of the scientific research project, The Hanoi Institute of Building Technology. Hanoi Construction Department.Whitman R.V., Anagnos T., Kircher C.A., Lagorio H.J., Lawson R.S., Schneider P., 1997. Development of a national earthquake loss estimation methodology. Earthquake Spectra, 13(4), 643-661.Nguyen Dinh Xuyen, 1987. Manifestation of strong earthquake activity in the territory of Vietnam, J. Sci. of the Earth, 9(2), 14-20 (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Dinh Xuyen, Nguyen Ngoc Thuy et al., 1996. Completion of the seismic microzoning map of 1:25 000 scale for Hanoi region. Final report of the City’s level project. Institute of Geophysics, Hanoi (in Vietnamese).Nguyen Dinh Xuyen (Project Manager) 2004. Final report of the National scientific research project on “Study of earthquake prediction and ground motion in Vietnam”, Institute of Geophysics, Hanoi (in Vietnamese).Youd T.L., Idriss I.M., Andrus R.D., Arango I., Castro G., Christian J.T., Dobry R., Finn W.D.L., Harder L.F., Hynes M.E., Ishihara K., Koester J.P., Liao S.S.C., Marcurson III W.F., Marti G.R.,Mitchell J.K., Moriwaki Y., Power M.S., Robertson P.K., Seed R.B., Stokoe II K.H., 2001. Liquefaction resistance of soils: summary report from the 1996 NCEER and 1998 NCEER/NSFworkshops on evaluation of liquefaction resistance of soils. Journalof Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, 127(10), 817-833.Yuan H., Yang S.H., Andrus R.D., Juang C.H., 2004. Liquefaction-inducedground failure: A study of the Chi-Chi earthquake cases. Engineering Geology, 71(1-2), 141-155