Culturally diverse students’ conflict experiences and management strategies:a mixed-method study of intercultural collaborative learning

Abstract. As educational practice has been shifting more collaborative and intercultural, the need for facilitating culturally diverse learners becomes more evident. This study aims to get a better understanding of conflict situations among culturally diverse learners during collaborative learning. The participants were students in international Master’s degree programs in the Faculty of Education at the University of Oulu (N=55). The data were collected through an online survey including Likert scale questions to examine the relationships between cultural aspects and conflict management styles, and open-ended questions to investigate the participants’ conflict experiences and management strategies. The quantitative results only confirmed the correlation between the individualism index and dominating conflict management style (p=.011) when excluding a certain group (Finland) that showed divergent results. In the qualitative analysis, many participants reported conflict factors associated with a lack of respect for other members, especially a member’s dominating behavior. The results also show that the participants from individualistic cultures valued more active discussion. They frequently used direct approaches such as explaining own point and asking others to express themselves to resolve conflicts. In contrast, the participants from collectivistic cultures, especially Asian participants, valued more organized work and equal participation. They frequently used indirect approaches such as considering others and not expressing own feelings to avoid conflicts. In conclusion, the findings of the study provide some insights into the research field of intercultural collaborative learning, which is required for future education to support culturally diverse learners

Transfection of Capsaspora owczarzaki, a close unicellular relative of animals

How animals emerged from their unicellular ancestor remains a major evolutionary question. New genome data from the closest unicellular relatives of animals have provided important insights into the evolution of animal multicellularity. We know that the unicellular ancestor of animals had an unexpectedly complex genetic repertoire, including many genes that are key to animal development and multicellularity. Thus, assessing the function of these genes among unicellular relatives of animals is key to understanding how they were co-opted at the onset of the Metazoa. However, such analyses have been hampered by the lack of genetic tools. Progress has been made in choanoflagellates and teretosporeans, two of the three lineages closely related to animals, whereas no tools are yet available for functional analysis in the third lineage: the filastereans. Importantly, filastereans have a striking repertoire of genes involved in transcriptional regulation and other developmental processes. Here, we describe a reliable transfection method for the filasterean Capsaspora owczarzaki. We also provide a set of constructs for visualising subcellular structures in live cells. These tools convert Capsaspora into a unique experimentally tractable organism to use to investigate the origin and evolution of animal multicellularity.Fil: Parra Acero, Helena. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; EspañaFil: Ros Rocher, Núria. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; EspañaFil: Perez Posada, Alberto. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; EspañaFil: Kożyczkowska, Aleksandra. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; EspañaFil: Sánchez Pons, Núria. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; EspañaFil: Nakata, Azusa. Prefectural University of Hiroshima; JapónFil: Suga, Hiroshi. Prefectural University of Hiroshima; JapónFil: Najle, Sebastián Rodrigo. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; España. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Ruiz Trillo, Iñaki. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva; España. Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats; España. Universidad de Barcelona; Españ

High- and Low-Energy Photoemission Study of Strongly Correlated Au–Ga–Ce Quasicrystal Approximants: Localized 4f Nature and Disorder Effects

Nozue G., Fujiwara H., Hamamoto S., et al. High- and Low-Energy Photoemission Study of Strongly Correlated Au–Ga–Ce Quasicrystal Approximants: Localized 4f Nature and Disorder Effects. Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 93(7) 074601, 15 July, 2024; https://doi.org/10.7566/JPSJ.93.074703.We have investigated the electronic structures of Ce-based 1/1 quasicrystal approximants Au₅₉.₂Ga₂₅.₇Ce₁₅.₁ and Au₆₀.₃Ga₂₆.₁Ce₁₃.₆ by hard X-ray photoemission (HAXPES) and high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. The localized Ce 4f electronic states are revealed for both Au–Ga–Ce approximants. Moreover, disorders in the compounds notably affect their electronic states, which has been detected by the core-level HAXPES. Valence-band photoemission spectra show the slight spectral difference depending on the composition ratio, which can be explained by a rigid-band-like shift

Localization of Stereovision for Measuring In-Crash Toeboard Deformation

This paper presents a technique to localize a stereo camera for in-crash toeboard deformation measurement. The proposed technique designed a sensor suite to install not only the stereo camera but also initial measurement units (IMUs) and a camera for localizing purpose. The pose of the stereo camera is recursively estimated using the measurement of IMUs and the localization camera through an extended Kalman filter. The performance of the proposed approach was first investigated in a stepwise manner and then tested in controlled environments including an actual vehicle crash test, which had successfully resulted in measuring the toeboard deformation during a crash. With the oscillation motion in the occurrence of the crash captured, the deformation of the toeboard measured by stereo cameras can be described in a fixed coordinate system

Localization of Stereovision for Measuring In-Crash Toeboard Deformation

This paper presents a technique to localize a stereo camera for in-crash toeboard deformation measurement. The proposed technique designed a sensor suite to install not only the stereo camera but also initial measurement units (IMUs) and a camera for localizing purpose. The pose of the stereo camera is recursively estimated using the measurement of IMUs and the localization camera through an extended Kalman filter. The performance of the proposed approach was first investigated in a stepwise manner and then tested in controlled environments including an actual vehicle crash test, which had successfully resulted in measuring the toeboard deformation during a crash. With the oscillation motion in the occurrence of the crash captured, the deformation of the toeboard measured by stereo cameras can be described in a fixed coordinate system