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<Note>Mother's Brother Upside Down : An Analysis of Idioms of Witchcraft among the Endenese(Flores)
この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました
Carrier Relaxation Dynamics in the Organic Superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) Under Pressure
Photo-induced carrier relaxation dynamics have been investigated for the organic superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu(NCS)(2) with different probe polarization under 1.3 kbar at low temperatures. We successfully observed the isotropic and anisotropic responses for the probe polarization, which were found to appear at 56 K. By comparing the responses with and without applying pressure, we found that those were slightly changed, indicating that the application of pressure has effect on the carrier relaxation dynamics
Conformation of ultra-long-chain fatty acid in lipid bilayer: Molecular dynamics study
Ultra-long-chain fatty acids (ULCFAs) are biosynthesized in the restricted
tissues such as retina, testis, and skin. The conformation of a single ULCFA,
in which the sn-1 unsaturated chain has 32 carbons, in three types of
tensionless phospholipid bilayers is studied by molecular dynamics simulations.
It is found that the ultra-long tail of the ULCFA flips between two leaflets
and fluctuates among an elongation into the opposite leaflet, lying between two
leaflets, and turning back. As the number ratio of lipids in the opposite
leaflet increases, the ratio of the elongated shape linearly decreases in all
three cases. Thus, ULCFAs can sense the density differences between the two
leaflets and respond to these changes
Redox Imbalance Induced by Contact Sensitizers Triggers the Maturation of Dendritic Cells
Although p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) play a crucial role in the activation of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDC) by contact sensitizers, the upstream signals of p38 MAPK remain undetermined. To examine whether sensitizers induce redox or oxidative stress in dendritic cells (DC), which subsequently stimulate p38 MAPK, we measured the ratio of the oxidized (GSSG) versus reduced (GSH) form of cellular glutathione in MoDC stimulated with five sensitizers including NiCl2 and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and three non-sensitizers including sodium dodecyl sulfate using colorimetric assays. All the sensitizers, but none of the non-sensitizers at sublethal concentration, reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio, which was accompanied by phosphorylation of p38 MAPK. Treatment with the antioxidant, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, which suppressed the reduction of the GSH/GSSG ratio, abrogated both the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and the augmentation of CD86 expression. A similar response pattern was observed in THP-1 macrophage-monocyte cells. Unexpectedly, however, formaldehyde (HCHO) reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio in MoDC, but not in THP-1. This finding, in conjunction with the observation that DNCB and NiCl2 reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio at different kinetics, indicated that the sensitizers reduced the GSH/GSSG ratio by a different mechanism. These data suggest that the GSH/GSSG imbalance plays a crucial role in triggering DC maturation by sensitizers
Pressure-induced quantum critical point in a heavily hydrogen-doped iron-based superconductor LaFeAsO
An iron-based superconductor LaFeAsOH (0 0.6)
undergoes two antiferromagnetic (AF) phases upon H doping. We investigated the
second AF phase (=0.6) using NMR techniques under pressure. At pressures up
to 2 GPa, the ground state is a spin-density-wave state with a large gap;
however, the gap closes at 4.0 GPa, suggesting a pressure-induced quantum
critical point. Interestingly, the gapped excitation coexists with gapless
magnetic fluctuations at pressures between 2 and 4 GPa. This coexistence is
attributable to the lift up of the orbital to the Fermi level, a
Lifshitz transition under pressure
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