A Case Report of Atypical Spindle Cell Lipomatous Tumor of the Tongue

Herein, we report a case of atypical spindle cell lipomatous tumor (ASCLT) on both sides of the tongue in a 74-year-old male patient. The patient was referred to our department for treatment of the masses in the tongue. Several elastic soft indolent masses were detected during the first examination. The masses were well defined, and their consistency was similar to that of adipose tissues. No signs of induration were observed in the surrounding tissues. The patient was not aware of the masses, which were only detected during his visit at the dental clinic that referred him to our institution. Thus, the onset of the masses remains unknown. ASCLT was identified via histopathological examination. Then, tumor excision was performed under general anesthesia. Thirteen months after surgery, the condition of the patient was good, and signs of local recurrence or postoperative metastasis were not observed

Tubular-Trabecular Type Basal Cell Adenoma of the Parotid Gland: A Patient Report

Basal cell adenoma (BCA) is an uncommon benign salivary gland neoplasm that includes isomorphic basaloid cells. We report on a female patient with BCA that developed in the right parotid gland in her 50s. The present patient demonstrated a few tumor nests in the fibrous capsule, and her tumor was larger than usual. These facts made us suspect of malignancy. Histopathologically, the tumor was characterized by multiple duct-like structures and tubular-trabecular masses composed of small isomorphic cells with hyperchromatic, round nuclei and an eosinophilic cytoplasm. It was difficult to determine whether the ductal structures noted in the tumor capsule were invasive. By immunohistochemistry, tumor cells of the tubular nests were positive for cytokeratin 7 and that the outer cells of tubular nests were positive for alpha smooth muscle actin (SMA) and calponin. Tumor cells were immuno-negative for S-100 protein and glial fibrillary acidic protein. The Ki-67 labeling scores of the cells were extremely low (< 1%). We could achieve an accurate diagnosis of BCA by immunohistochemistry with MIB-1 and other markers

Identification of hepta-histidine as a candidate drug for Huntington's disease by in silico-in vitro- in vivo-integrated screens of chemical libraries.

We identified drug seeds for treating Huntington's disease (HD) by combining in vitro single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, in silico molecular docking simulations, and in vivo fly and mouse HD models to screen for inhibitors of abnormal interactions between mutant Htt and physiological Ku70, an essential DNA damage repair protein in neurons whose function is known to be impaired by mutant Htt. From 19,468 and 3,010,321 chemicals in actual and virtual libraries, fifty-six chemicals were selected from combined in vitro-in silico screens; six of these were further confirmed to have an in vivo effect on lifespan in a fly HD model, and two chemicals exerted an in vivo effect on the lifespan, body weight and motor function in a mouse HD model. Two oligopeptides, hepta-histidine (7H) and Angiotensin III, rescued the morphological abnormalities of primary neurons differentiated from iPS cells of human HD patients. For these selected drug seeds, we proposed a possible common structure. Unexpectedly, the selected chemicals enhanced rather than inhibited Htt aggregation, as indicated by dynamic light scattering analysis. Taken together, these integrated screens revealed a new pathway for the molecular targeted therapy of HD

Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarcinoma Arising at the Retromolar Region: A Rare Case of High-Grade Malignancy

Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma (PLGA) is an entity under the subclassification of adenocarcinoma from salivary glands. We report here a rare case of PLGA with suspected metastases to a regional lymph node and the liver, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography. An 88-year-old Japanese woman complaining of pain in the left mandible, specifically in the gingiva upon swallowing, was referred to our clinical department in July 2003. The pain in the left mandibular gingiva had been noted 10 months before the first medical examination. Oral examination revealed a 38 × 30 mm mass forming from the left retromolar region to the glossopalatal arch with ulcer. An incisional biopsy of the mass revealed PLGA. Histopathologically, tumor cells presenting mild atypia showed tubular and cribriform structures. Immunohistochemically, the Ki-67 labeling index showed 31% suggesting a potential high-grade malignancy of tumor cells