Burnout and School Performance: A Study among Students in The Region of Beni Mellal (Morocco)

To maintain a good school performance, students must generally make sustained efforts over a long period of time considering frequency of evaluations. Thus, their desire to maintain or achieve good grades can lead them to stressful situations. This study aims at assessing the level of the school burnout and its relationship with the studentsrsquo school performance in the Moroccan region of Beacuteni-Mellal. nbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspnbspTo do this, a total of 400 students (54% girls and 46% boys) at different grade levels and branches were invited to complete questionnaires on a voluntary basis and anonymitynbsp: a Burnout Inventory questionnaire (School Burnout Inventory) adapted to the school environment, a school performance record and a listing of clinical information. As a result, the findings are twofold: First, the prevalence of school burnout is High by taking into account the mean of burnout scores (3,8 for exhaustion at school, 3,2 for Cynism and 3,6 for inadequacy at school) and by taking account the level of exhaution (40% Heavily exhausted). Second, the burnout leads to a reduction in the studentsrsquo school performance, and the later, in its turn, can influence the feeling of school burnout. Third, school burnout varies by gender, so girls are at higher risk than boys. nbspIn this respect, it is hoped that further studies should be conducted so as to explore other factors that may have an impact on school performance, such as the parentsrsquo educational level or the studentsrsquo reduplication

The World Health Organization ACTION-I (Antenatal CorTicosteroids for Improving Outcomes in preterm Newborns) Trial: a multi-country, multi-centre, two-arm, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled, individually randomized trial of antenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of imminent birth in the early preterm period in hospitals in low-resource countries

BACKGROUND: Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) have long been regarded as a cornerstone intervention in mitigating the adverse effects of a preterm birth. However, the safety and efficacy of ACS in hospitals in low-resource countries has not been established in an efficacy trial despite their widespread use. Findings of a large cluster-randomized trial in six low- and middle-income countries showed that efforts to scale up ACS use in low-resource settings can lead to harm. There is equipoise regarding the benefits and harms of ACS use in hospitals in low-resource countries. This randomized controlled trial aims to determine whether ACS are safe and efficacious when given to women at risk of imminent birth in the early preterm period, in hospitals in low-resource countries. METHODS/DESIGN: The trial design is a parallel, two-arm, double-blind, individually randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ACS (dexamethasone) for women at risk of imminent preterm birth. The trial will recruit 6018 women in participating hospitals across five low-resource countries (Bangladesh, India, Kenya, Nigeria and Pakistan). The primary objectives are to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone with placebo on survival of the baby and maternal infectious morbidity. The primary outcomes are: 1) neonatal death (to 28 completed days of life); 2) any baby death (any stillbirth postrandomization or neonatal death); and 3) a composite outcome to assess possible maternal bacterial infections. The trial will recruit eligible, consenting pregnant women from 26 weeks 0 days to 33 weeks 6 days gestation with confirmed live fetuses, in whom birth is planned or expected within 48 h. The intervention comprises a regimen of intramuscular dexamethasone sodium phosphate. The comparison is an identical placebo regimen (normal saline). A total of 6018 women will be recruited to detect a reduction of 15% or more in neonatal deaths in a two-sided 5% significance test with 90% power (including 10% loss to follow-up). DISCUSSION: Findings of this trial will guide clinicians, programme managers and policymakers on the safety and efficacy of ACS in hospitals in low-resource countries. The trial findings will inform updating of the World Health Organization's global recommendations on ACS use. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ACTRN12617000476336 . Registered on 31 March 2017