THE PRINCIPLE OF FEBRILE AND INFLAMMATORY DISEASES 温热病原理

Wang, Nai-Yi (2020). The principle of febrile and infllammatory diseases. In: "Evolutionary Progress in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM)", Wang, Lawrence K. and Tsao, Hung-ping (editors). Volume 2, Number 8, August 2020; 206 pages. Lenox Institute Press, PO Box 405, Newtonville, NY, 12128-0405, USA. No. STEAM-VOL1-NUM8-AUG2020; ISBN 978-0-9890870-3-2. ........ABSTRACT:This groundbreaking book systematically characterizes Western drugs, as well as chemicals in the human body, for the first time as having “hot” and “cold” properties. This development, discovered over a 20-year period through chemistry and the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine, may help medicinal chemists and drug manufacturers identify new drug leads and predict their potential side effects. One drug lead that this book identifies, for example, is a common feature of compounds that improve memory. Nai-Yi Wang is a Ph.D. organic chemist with a 35-year career in teaching and research at universities and in the pharmaceutical industry. He holds more than 20 patents in synthetic organic chemistry, natural product synthesis, and biotechnology. His research has focused on cardiovascular drugs discovery, anticancer compounds syntheses, and the development of immunoassays. As an organic chemist specializing in natural products synthesis, Wang accomplished the first total synthesis of compactin (an analog of the Merck cholesterol-lowering drug Zocor). He is also an expert in the chemistry of Traditional Chinese Medicine. This is the third edition of the book, "The Principle of Febrile and Inflammatory Diseases.” Among the highlight of this edition is a review of the pharmacology of herbal medicine and the application of the "Hot and Cold Theory" in Traditional Chinese Medicine to diseases in which there are currently no effective treatment in Western medicine

THE DYNAMIC NATURE OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND A STRATEGIC TREATMENT PLAN BASED ON TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE (TCM)

Wang, Nai-Yi (2022). The Dynamic Nature of Alzheimer’s Disease and a Strategic Treatment Plan Based On Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In: "Evolutionary Progress in Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STEAM)", Wang, Lawrence K. and Tsao, Hung-ping (editors). Volume 4, Number 1, January 2022; 16 pages. Lenox Institute Press, Auburndale, MA, 02466, USA. No. STEAM-VOL4-NUM1-JAN2022; ISBN 978-0-9890870-3-2. ............ABSTRACT: Current treatment of Alzheimer’s disease with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors or NMDA receptor antagonists is unsatisfactory. The reason for this may lie in the changing nature of the disease, which has received little attention. This paper examines scientific studies of the disease from a yin-yang perspective, and presents an entirely new mechanism in which the disease changes from a “hot” or “yin-deficient” state to a “cold” or “yang-deficient” state, or vice versa. Therefore, treatment of the disease needs to be adjusted accordingly. Furthermore, this paper identifies a drug lead based on the “hot” and “cold” properties of some well-known memory-enhancing herbs.............KEYWORDS: Alzheimer's disease; Yin-deficient; Yang-deficient; Medical mechanism; Treatment; Memory-enhancing herbs; Traditional Chinese medicine, Glossary

Two halosesquiterpenes from Laurencia composita

Two new chamigrane sesquiterpenes, yicterpenes A (1) and B (2) each with an unprecedented halogenation at C-9 and a hemiketal unit at C-10, were isolated from the marine red algaLaurencia composita. The structures and absolute configurations of them were identified by NMR, ECD, and mass spectrometric methods as well as quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 with a chlorination at C-9 was more active against some tested marine-derived organisms than 2 with a bromination at C-9.  Two new chamigrane sesquiterpenes, yicterpenes A (1) and B (2) each with an unprecedented halogenation at C-9 and a hemiketal unit at C-10, were isolated from the marine red alga Laurencia composita. The structures and absolute configurations of them were identified by NMR, ECD, and mass spectrometric methods as well as quantum chemical calculations. Compound 1 with a chlorination at C-9 was more active against some tested marine-derived organisms than 2 with a bromination at C-9

Determination of Nucleopolyhedrovirus’ Taxonomic Position

To date , over 78 genomes of nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) have been sequenced and deposited in NCBI. How to define a new virus from the infected larvae in the field is usually the first question. Two NPV strains, which were isolated from casuarina moth (L. xylina) and golden birdwing larvae (Troides aeacus), respectively, displayed the same question. Due to the identity of polyhedrin (polh) sequences of these two isolates to that of Lymantria dispar MNPV and Bombyx mori NPV, they are named LdMNPV-like virus and TraeNPV, provisionally. To further clarify the relationships of LdMNPV-like virus and TraeNPV to closely related NPVs, Kimura 2-parameter (K-2-P) analysis was performed. Apparently, the results of K-2-P analysis that showed LdMNPV-like virus is an LdMNPV isolate, while TraeNPV had an ambiguous relationship to BmNPV. Otherwise, MaviNPV, which is a mini-AcMNPV, also exhibited a different story by K-2-P analysis. Since K-2-P analysis could not cover all species determination issues, therefore, TraeNPV needs to be sequenced for defining its taxonomic position. For this purpose, different genomic sequencing technologies and bioinformatic analysis approaches will be discussed. We anticipated that these applications will help to exam nucleotide information of unknown species and give an insight and facilitate to this issue

Three new xanthone derivatives from an algicolous isolate of Aspergillus wentii

Three new xanthone derivatives, yicathin A (1), yicathin B (2), and yicathin C (3), and three known anthraquinone derivatives, alatinone (4), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-methylanthraquinone (5), and 5-hydroxy-1,3-dimethoxy-7-methylanthraquinone (6), were isolated from the cultures of Aspergillus wentii pt-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from the marine red alga Gymnogongrus flabelliformis. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by NMR and mass spectroscopic methods as well as quantum chemical calculations. Compound 2 was active against Escherichia coli, and 3 could inhibit E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Colletotrichum lagenarium.Three new xanthone derivatives, yicathin A (1), yicathin B (2), and yicathin C (3), and three known anthraquinone derivatives, alatinone (4), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-methylanthraquinone (5), and 5-hydroxy-1,3-dimethoxy-7-methylanthraquinone (6), were isolated from the cultures of Aspergillus wentii pt-1, an endophytic fungus isolated from the marine red alga Gymnogongrus flabelliformis. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by NMR and mass spectroscopic methods as well as quantum chemical calculations. Compound 2 was active against Escherichia coli, and 3 could inhibit E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Colletotrichum lagenarium. Copyright (C) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd

Similarity Evaluation of Different Origins and Species of Dendrobiums by GC-MS and FTIR Analysis of Polysaccharides

GC-MS method combined with FTIR techniques by the analysis of polysaccharide was applied to evaluate the similarity between wild (W) and tissue-cultured (TC) Dendrobium huoshanense (DHS), Dendrobium officinale (DO), and Dendrobium moniliforme (DM) as well as 3 wild Dendrobium spp.: Dendrobium henanense (DHN), Dendrobium loddigesii (DL), and Dendrobium crepidatum (DC). Eight monosaccharides involving xylose, arabinose, rhamnose, glucose, mannose, fructose, galactose, and galacturonic acid were identified in the polysaccharide from each Dendrobium sample while the contents of the monosugars varied remarkably across origins and species. Further similarity evaluation based on GC-MS data showed that the rcor values of different origins of DHS, DO, and DM were 0.831, 0.865, and 0.884, respectively, while the rcor values ranged from 0.475 to 0.837 across species. FTIR files of the polysaccharides revealed that the similarity coefficients between W and TC-DHS, DO, and DM were 88.7%, 86.8%, and 88.5%, respectively, in contrast to the similarity coefficients varying from 57.4% to 82.6% across species. These results suggested that the structures of polysaccharides between different origins of the investigated Dendrobiums might be higher than what we had supposed