Production of unnatural glucosides of curcumin with drastically enhanced water solubility by cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus

AbstractCatharanthus roseus cell suspension cultures converted exogenously supplied curcumin to a series of glucosides, none of which has been found in nature so far. The efficiency of glucosylation was dependent on culture stage of the cells and medium sucrose concentration. Methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid enhanced the glucoside formation only when they were added to the cultures prior to the addition of curcumin. The glucoside yield was 2.5 μmol/g fresh weight of the cells at an optimal culture condition. The water solubility of curcumin-4′,4″-O-β-D-digentiobioside was 0.65 mmol/ml, which was 20 million-fold higher than that of curcumin

Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Effects of Moltkia Aurea Boiss

The water extract of M. aurea exhibited strong scavenging effect on 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide (SO) radicals. The free radical scavenging effect of the extract was found comparable to that of reference antioxidants, 3-t-butyl-4-hydroxyanizole (BHA) and ascorbic acid (AA, vitamin C). Cytotoxic activity of the extract was also investigated against three different cancer cell lines, Hep-2 (human larynx epidermoid carcinoma), RD (human rhabdomyosarcoma), L-20B (transgenic murine L-cells) and one non-cancerous cell line (VERO-African green monkey kidney epithelial cell) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2,5-diphenytetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. While dose dependent cytotoxic activity was observed against cancer cell lines, no cytotoxic effect on VERO cell line was found in the tested experiments. In addition, phytochemical investigations to identify chemical content of the plant were resulted to the isolation of (+)-syringaresinol-4'-O-b-glucopyranoside (1), p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2), quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (Rutine, 3) and isorhamnetin-3-O-rutinoside (4) on the basis of different spectroscopic techniques (UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, HR ESI-MS).Wo

Sasa veitchii extract protects against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice

Abstract Background The current study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of Sasa veitchii extract (SE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice were intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (1 g/kg) twice per week for 8 weeks. SE (0.1 mL) was administered orally once per day throughout the study, and body weight was measured weekly. Seventy-two hours after the final CCl4 injection, mice were euthanized and plasma samples were collected. The liver and kidneys were collected and weighed. Results CCl4 administration increased liver weight, decreased body weight, elevated plasma alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase and increased liver oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and glutathione). These increases were attenuated by SE treatment. Overexpression of tumor necrosis factor-α was also reversed following SE treatment. Furthermore, CCl4-induced increases in α-smooth muscle actin, a marker for hepatic fibrosis, were attenuated in mice treated with SE. Moreover, SE inhibited CCl4-induced nuclear translocation of hepatic nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Conclusion These results suggested that SE prevented CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways

General acts passed by the General Court of Massachusetts

Imprint varies.Vols. for 1915-19 published in 2 v.: General acts; Special acts.Vols. for some years issued in parts.Separate vols. issued for extra session, 1916, and for extra session, 1933.Vol. 12 (May 1831-Mar. 1833) in Jan. session, 1833; Jan. 1834-Apr. 1836 in vol. for extra session 1835/Jan. session 1836; May 1824-Mar. 1828; June 1828-June 1831, Jan. 1832-Apr. 1834, Jan. 1835-Apr. 1838, each bound with corresponding vol.Resolves issued separately, 1780-1838