リュッツォウ・ホルムワン トウガン ノ ガンセキ ニ カンスル コチジキガクテキ ケンキュウ

さきに永田,清水によるオングル島片麻岩による古地磁気学的研究の結果を報告した(南極資料第10号).第3次隊越冬期間に,ルュッツオホルム湾東岸及び南岸の露岩中から多数の試料が採集された.この試料を全部調べた結果,この地域の岩石の生成されたカムブリア紀(4.7×10^8年前)の磁極は赤道上西経約100°附近にあったという前報告の結果が再確認された.又付図は,我々の結果をもふくめて東南極大陸に関する古地磁気学的研究の成果を集めたものである

Recombinant Sendai viruses with L1618V mutation in their L polymerase protein establish persistent infection, but not temperature sensitivity

AbstractThe Sendai virus pi strain (SeVpi) isolated from cells persistently infected with SeV shows mainly two phenotypes: (1) temperature sensitivity and (2) an ability of establishing persistent infection (steady state). Three amino acid substitutions are found in the Lpi protein and are located at aa 1088, 1618, and 1664. Recombinant SeV(Lpi) (rSeV(Lpi)) having all these substitutions is temperature sensitive and is capable of establishing persistent infection (steady state). rSeVs carrying the fragment containing L1618V show both phenotypes. rSeV(L1618V), in which leucine at aa 1618 is replaced with valine, has the ability of establishing persistent infection, but is not a temperature-sensitive mutant, indicating that the ability of a virus to establish persistent infection can be separated from temperature sensitivity. The amino acid change at 1618(L→V) coexisting with aa 1169 threonine is required for acquirement of a temperature-sensitive phenotype. Three amino acid substitutions are also found in the Ppi protein, but rSeV(Ppi) does not show these phenotypes

Importance of far-infrared mapping in a spiral galaxy: AKARI observation of M81

The importance of the far-infrared (FIR) mapping is demonstrated for a face-on spiral galaxy, M81, by analyzing its imaging data at 65, 90, and 140 {\mu}m taken by AKARI. Basic products are the dust temperature map, the dust optical depth map, and the colour-colour diagram. The main features are as follows. (i) The dust temperature derived from the total fluxes at 90 {\mu}m and 140 {\mu}m reflects the relatively low temperatures seen in the interarm and spiral arms excluding the warm spots, rather than the high temperatures in warm spots and the centre. This indicates that the total FIR luminosity is dominated by the dust heated by the general interstellar radiation field. (ii) The galaxy is more extended at 140 {\mu}m than at the other shorter wavelengths, which reflects the radial dust temperature gradient. (iii) The dust optical depth derived from the FIR mapping is broadly consistent with that estimated from the FIR-to-ultraviolet luminosity ratio. (iv) The FIR colour-colour diagramis useful to identify a 'contamination' of warm dust. The existence of small-scale warm star-forming regions is supported in the bright spots along the spiral arms. This contamination also leads to an underestimate of dust optical depth (or dust column density).Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Discovery and partial characterization of a novel virus, tentatively named Grapevine virgalike virus.

The families Bromoviridae and Virgaviridae are composed of viruses with a single-stranded positive sense RNA genome possessing an alpha-like replication complex and a 3'-t-RNA-like structure

Early intervention to promote oral feeding in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective cohort study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Stroke is a major cause of dysphagia, but little is known about when and how dysphagic patients should be fed and treated after an acute stroke. The purpose of this study is to establish the feasibility, risks and clinical outcomes of early intensive oral care and a new speech and language therapist/nurse led structured policy for oral feeding in patients with an acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A total of 219 patients with spontaneous ICH who were admitted to our institution from 2004 to 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. An early intervention program for oral feeding, which consisted of intensive oral care and early behavioral interventions, was introduced from April 2005 and fully operational by January 2006. Outcomes were compared between an early intervention group of 129 patients recruited after January 2006 and a historical control group of 90 patients recruited between January 2004 and March 2005. A logistic regression technique was used to adjust for baseline differences between the groups. To analyze time to attain oral feeding, the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model were used.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The proportion of patients who could tolerate oral feeding was significantly higher in the early intervention group compared with the control group (112/129 (86.8%) vs. 61/90 (67.8%); odds ratio 3.13, 95% CI, 1.59-6.15; P < 0.001). After adjusting for baseline imbalances, the odds ratio was 4.42 (95% CI, 1.81-10.8; P = 0.001). The incidence of chest infection was lower in the early intervention group compared with the control group (27/129 (20.9%) vs. 32/90 (35.6%); odds ratio 0.48, 95% CI, 0.26-0.88; P = 0.016). A log-rank test found a significant difference in nutritional supplementation-free survival between the two groups (hazard ratio 1.94, 95% CI, 1.46-2.71; P < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Our data suggest that the techniques can be used safely and possibly with enough benefit to justify a randomized controlled trial. Further investigation is needed to solve the eating problems that are associated with patients recovering from a severe stroke.</p

Report of the Commission to Investigate and Report the Most Humane and Practical Method of Carrying into Effect the Sentence of Death in Capital Cases: Transmitted to the Legislature of New York, January 17, 1888

本報告書は、Elbridge T. Gerry, Alfred P. Southwich, Matthew Hale により構成されたニューヨーク州死刑委員会 (New York Commission on Capital Punishment) によって1888年にニューヨーク州議会に提出されたものである。本報告書は、委員長の名をとって，「ゲリー報告書」又は「ゲリー委員会報告書」と呼ばれることがある。本報告書の正式名称は，『死刑事件における死刑判決の最も人道的で実用的な執行方法の調査及び報告のための委員会報告書 1888年1月17日ニューヨーク州議会へ提出(Report of the Commission to Investigate and Report the Most Humane and Practical Method of Carrying into Effect the Sentence of Death in Capital Cases : Transmitted to the Legislature of the New York, January 17, 1888)』である。本報告書は，ニューヨーク州議会に提出された後，トロイプレス(The Troy Press)より刊行された。本報告書は，正式名称の通り，死刑の執行方法について検討するものである。19世紀末葉，アメリカでは，死刑の執行方法として，絞首刑が全盛であった（図1参照）。こうした状況の下、ニューヨーク州死刑委員会は，「死刑事件における死刑判決の執行の現代科学によって知られている最も人道的で実用的な方法を早期に調査し報告する」ことを求められて1886年に立ち上げられた

TRPA1 Contributes to the Acute Inflammatory Response and Mediates Carrageenan-Induced Paw Edema in the Mouse

Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) is an ion channel involved in thermosensation and nociception. TRPA1 is activated by exogenous irritants and also by oxidants formed in inflammatory reactions. However, our understanding of its role in inflammation is limited. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TRPA1 is involved in acute inflammatory edema. The TRPA1 agonist allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) induced inflammatory edema when injected intraplantarly to mice, mimicking the classical response to carrageenan. Interestingly, the TRPA1 antagonist HC-030031 and the cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor ibuprofen inhibited not only AITC but also carrageenan-induced edema. TRPA1-deficient mice displayed attenuated responses to carrageenan and AITC. Furthermore, AITC enhanced COX-2 expression in HEK293 cells transfected with human TRPA1, a response that was reversed by HC-030031. This study demonstrates a hitherto unknown role of TRPA1 in carrageenan-induced inflammatory edema. The results also strongly suggest that TRPA1 contributes, in a COX-dependent manner, to the development of acute inflammation