Russian Capability and Usage of Hybrid Tactics During the Intervention in Ukraine and Crimea in 2014

The hybrid war in Crimea and Eastern Ukraine is linked to history, geography, demography, local and national power play, and International level power politics between the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and Russia. Russia has strong fraternal ties with Ukraine dating back to the 9th century and the founding of Kievan Rus, the first eastern Slavic state, whose capital was Kiev/Kyiv. The country has been under partial or total Russian rule for most of those intervening centuries, which is a big part of why one in six Ukrainians is actually an ethnic Russian, one in three speaks Russian as the native language (the other two-thirds speak Ukrainian natively), and much of the country's media is in Russian. It is also why the subject of Russia is such a divisive one in Ukraine: many in the country see Moscow as the source of Ukraine's historical subjugation and something to be resisted, while others tend to look at Russia more fondly, with a sense of shared heritage and history. Nikita Khrushchev and the Supreme Council of the Soviet Union transferred Crimea from under the government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic to the government of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1954. As both republics were a part of the Soviet Union, the move was largely symbolic and of little practical consequence

The Dragon Bares Its Fangs: Modernisation of Plarf to Support an Expansionist Policy

On December 31, 2015, China elevated the status and stature of its nuclear and missile forces by making the People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (PLARF) a fourth military Service alongside the Army, Navy, and Air Force. Since then, the pronouncements and directions of Chinese President Xi Jinping and press releases have bolstered and further enhanced the importance that China attaches to its PLARF. Owing to China's increasing attention to the PLARF, it becomes imperative to understand the Chinese approach to the modernisation of the PLARF and its future role. The pertinent query lies in understanding how this capability will be instrumental in actualising China's role in the future. Keeping this context, the assessments will be drawn from a context and content analysis of the official papers and documents of press releases to determine if there is a genuine commitment to the official word or there is an asymmetry in the theory and practice. In doing so, the paper seeks to examine two key issues: first, application of the proposed thoughts and ideas; and second, evaluation of the consonance between professing and practice

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Not AvailableTen commercial and three exotic/wild cultivars (cvs) grown under Indian conditions were analyzed for variations in lycopene, b-carotene, total phenolics, quercetin, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (AOX). AOX was measured using three in vitro assays namely ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The lycopene content in tomato cvs ranged from 4.31 to 5.97 mg/100 g fw. The wild/exotic cvs had exceptionally high total phenolic content (141.98 mg/100 g fw), quercetin (56 mg/g fw) and total AOX (5.39 mmol TE/g fw). Solanum pimpinellifolium, with nearly six times lycopene content than commercial cvs, may serve as the most desirable gene pool in breeding programmes to develop functional tomatoes. Results suggest that TEAC may be more useful than DPPH assay for detecting total AOX in tomatoes.Not Availabl

Not Available

Not AvailableTen commercial and three exotic/wild cultivars (cvs) grown under Indian conditions were analyzed for variations in lycopene, b-carotene, total phenolics, quercetin, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (AOX). AOX was measured using three in vitro assays namely ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assays. The lycopene content in tomato cvs ranged from 4.31 to 5.97 mg/100 g fw. The wild/exotic cvs had exceptionally high total phenolic content (141.98 mg/100 g fw), quercetin (56 mg/g fw) and total AOX (5.39 mmol TE/g fw). Solanum pimpinellifolium, with nearly six times lycopene content than commercial cvs, may serve as the most desirable gene pool in breeding programmes to develop functional tomatoes. Results suggest that TEAC may be more useful than DPPH assay for detecting total AOX in tomatoes.Not Availabl