Measurement the Concentration of Alpha Emitters in the Urine In Vitro, Natural Exposure

- This research describes the results that have been obtained from the alpha particles after carrying out the present study. The study was conducted on 60 urine samples taken from women, who were either infertile, had weak fertility. The age of those women ranged between (21-43) years. They further belonged to different locations in Iraqi Kurdistan region. The the main of track densety and concentration result obtained was 20.884 track mm?2 and 0.330 ppm in Sulaimania, and The the main of track density and concentration result obtained was 23.457 track mm?2 and 0.0.371ppm in Erbil which is near The higher concentration and the annual effective dose values were calculated for all women. Such a step was done by examining 20 ml of the women's urine samples.. The range of alpha particles in the surface of urine samples and CR-39NTDs was calculated using SRIM program. The average absorption of doses was 0.4754 mSvy-1, which is lower than the normal level, 3-10 mSvy-1l,  reported by the ICRP. This denotes that there is no evidence of health problems. Key words: infertility in women, Urine, Iraqi Kurdistan region , Alpha particle

Measuring radon concentration and toxic elements in the irrigation water of the agricultural areas in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia

Radon and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Zn and Ni) were measured in different water samples in Cameron Highlands, Pahang. RAD7 and rad H20 were used to estimate the radon concentration. The average values for radon concentration were found to vary from a minimum of 0.21 Bq/L to a maximum of 0.297 Bq/L. Heavy metals concentration were measured using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentrations of Pb, Cd, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cr were 0.07, 0.009, 0.009, 0.043, 0.076, 0.079 mg/L and ND, respectively. Comparing the results with the literature, shows that the concentrations obtained were within the allowed limits of the agricultural and domestic use

Nanocomposites à base d’oxyde de graphène réduit : synthèse, caractérisation et application

Nous avons synthétisé avec succès ces nano-composés (rGO/Arg-Ag NPs, rGO-Ni NPs and rGO-Co3O4NPs) et les avons caractérisés par de nombreuses techniques, XPS, SEM, TEM, FTIR, Raman, UV-Vis et TGA. Les analyses montrent que ces nano-composés à base de graphène ont des propriétés excellentes et une grande stabilité. Utilisés comme catalyseurs dans des applications environnementales, ils réduisent efficacement le 4-nitrophenol en 4-aminophenol ainsi que les colorants à forte adsorption et le chrome (VI) présents dans les eaux usées.We successfully obtained these nanocomposites (rGO/Arg-Ag NPs, rGO-Ni NPs and rGO-Co3O4NPs).The resulting rGO-based nanocomposites were characterized by a variety of different techniques, including XPS, SEM, TEM, FTIR, Raman, UV-Vis and TGA. These analysis shows that these graphene-based nanocomposites have excellent properties and stability. The rGO-based nanocomposites, applied as a catalyst in environmental applications and shows good catalytic performance for reduction of 4nitrophenol to 4aminophenol and high adsorption dyes and Cr (VI) from wastewater

Study the Exposure of Low-Level Laser on rGO/Ag NPs to Improve the Antibacterial Activity of Different Types of Bacteria

The rGO-Ag NPs nanocomposite was synthesized by an easy, low-cost, one-step chemical method. The nanocomposite was analyzed by UV-Vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscope (AFM) to verify the properties of the nanoparticles. The study of the optical properties showed that there are two peaks, one of which belongs to silver and is 400 nm, and the other is related to graphene oxide at 268 nm. The AFM examination of the rGO-Ag NPs revealed that the average grain size is 71.26 nm, and this indicates that the material is within the nanoscale. The rGO-Ag NPs nanocomposite was applied as an antagonist against various types of bacteria that cause gum and tongue infections, and the results showed that with the increase in the nanocomposite concentration, the killing rate of bacteria increases. This means that the killing increases with increasing volumes of rGO-Ag NPs, and the best one is 40 μL. The result shows that the rGO-Ag NPs show a relationship between adding volumes of the nanomaterial and the percentage killing of bacteria, which is directly proportional. Additionally, through UV-Vis spectroscopy, the absorbance of the rGO-Ag NPs was determined, so that the laser with a wavelength of 405 nm was chosen to be applied to the same kinds of bacteria and for different periods of time with the use of a 40 μL volume of the rGO-Ag NPs, and it was found that with increasing the irradiation period, the percentage of bacteria killed increases. It showed that increasing the irradiation period with volume stability of 40 μL causes a higher killing rate. The study indicated that using nanocomposite and laser is a method to remove the infection from the gums and tongue. These results are promising and can be applied in the treatment of gum and tongue infections after clinical studies

Manufacturing Graphene and Graphene-based Nanocomposite for Piezoelectric Pressure Sensor Application: A Review

Strain sensors have spread at present times, and their electrical resistance has been interpreted. In reality, the use of strain sensors has broadened the reach of technology and allowed us to track changes in the environment in various ways. In recent years, due to their distinctive properties, films based on advanced carbon nanomaterials have started applying sophistication sensing. The strength of the tailored material has been obtained in addition to the various functions applied to these nanomaterials due to the particular structure of the nanomaterials. A prime catalyst for developing nanoscale sensors was this excellent feature. Carbon nanomaterials-based films have been increasing widely due to the excellent properties of nanocomposite-based films for sensing applications (piezoelectric application). There is also an instinctive structure of nanomaterials so that the material is high. Carbon nanomaterials such as graphene are now an excellent alternative for the production of sensors for thermal, electric and mechanical reading

Fabrication and Characterization of the PMMA/G/Ag Nanocomposite by Pulsed Laser Ablation (PLAL)

In this work, By using the laser ablation technique (PLAL) to fabricate novel PMMA/G/Ag nanocomposites with less laser energy and short time ablation and study the structural, morphological and optical properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed that the GNPs and AgNPs in the PMMA matrix have a crystallite size increased with increasing the pulse number. Also, the SEM images confirm the homogeneous distribution of the GNPs and AgNPs in the PMMA matrix and the sizes of particles in the nanoscale. Additionally, the link between GNPs and AgNPs in the polymer matrix has been confirmed by the FTIR. Moreover, UV-VIS spectroscopy was studied and confirm the nanocomposite has optical properties with the presence of the polymer as a host and calculating the optical energy gap. For that, this novel nanocomposite with these properties promising for many applications. Finally, the study proved that the PLAL is very suitable for decorated graphene and metal on the polymer matrix with lower pulse laser energy and short ablation time

Magnetic Co 3 O 4 /reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as a superior heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot oxidative esterification of aldehydes to methyl esters

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Reduced graphene oxide decorated with Co3O4 nanoparticles (rGO-Co3O4) nanocomposite: A reusable catalyst for highly efficient reduction of 4-nitrophenol, and Cr(VI) and dye removal from aqueous solutions

Water contamination with synthetic dyes and metal ions is an escalating problem, despite the huge research efforts put in the field of water treatment. The paper reports on one-step synthesis of reduced graphene oxide-cobalt oxide nanoparticles (rGO-Co3O4) nanocomposite under mild conditions. The nanocomposite material has been characterized using various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, UV–visible spectrophotometry and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The catalytic properties of the nanocomposite were demonstrated for the sodium borohydride-induced 4-nitrophenol reduction to 4-aminophenol. A full reduction has been achieved within less than 1 min at room temperature. Further, the nanocomposite was successfully applied for Cr(VI) adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 208.8 mg.g−1, which is much higher than that obtained using many other magnetic adsorbents. Finally, the nanocomposite was found to be very efficient for anionic and cationic dye adsorption with complete removal within less than 2 min. The performance of the rGO-Co3O4 nanocomposite is quite high as compared to other graphene-based adsorbents. The ferromagnetic properties of the composite allowed effective separation and recyclability of the material by simple application of an external magnet