In Vivo and In Vitro Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Seed Polyphenols

Flaxseed is an oilseed (45–50% oil on a dry-weight basis) crop. Its oil has demonstrated multiple health benefits and industrial applications. The goal of this research was to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of the free polyphenol fraction of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds (PLU), based on their use in traditional medicine. Mice with alloxan-induced diabetes were used to study the antidiabetic activity of PLU in vivo, with an oral administration of 25 and 50 mg/kg over 28 days. Measurements of body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were carried out weekly, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. An oral glucose tolerance test was also performed. Inhibitory activities of PLU on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities were evaluated in vitro. The anti-inflammatory was evaluated in vivo in Wistar rats using the paw edema induction Test by carrageenan, and in vitro using the hemolysis ratio test. PLU administration to diabetic mice during the study period improved their body weight and FBG levels remarkably. In vitro inhibitory activity of digestive enzymes indicated that they may be involved in the proposed mode of action of PLU extract. Qualitative results of PLU revealed the presence of 18 polyphenols. These findings support daily consumption of flaxseed for people with diabetes, and suggest that polyphenols in flaxseed may serve as dietary supplements or novel phytomedicines to treat diabetes and its complications

Improving Lamb Wave detection for SHM using a dedicated LWDS electronics

In the context of Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) for aircrafts, Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is one main field of research. Detection and localization of damages in a structure request reliability of the equipment and repeatability of the measurements and process. An electronic device called Lamb Wave Detection System (LWDS) have been developed and manufactured to manage piezo-electric patches either in emission or reception mode with a high commutation rate. Besides, integration of the piezo patches is another crucial aspect of reliability. Several methods as modelling and dispersion curves can define the frequency range of Lamb waves to optimize the piezo-electric coupling. This work which takes part of the H2020 ReMAP project about adaptative aircraft maintenance planning, is presented in the article.Most of the results have been achieved in the framework of H2020 ReMAP Project Grant n° 769288 : Real-time Condition-based Maintenance for Adaptive Aircraft Maintenance Planning, https://h2020-remap.eu

In Vivo and In Vitro Antidiabetic and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) Seed Polyphenols

Flaxseed is an oilseed (45–50% oil on a dry-weight basis) crop. Its oil has demonstrated multiple health benefits and industrial applications. The goal of this research was to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of the free polyphenol fraction of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) seeds (PLU), based on their use in traditional medicine. Mice with alloxan-induced diabetes were used to study the antidiabetic activity of PLU in vivo, with an oral administration of 25 and 50 mg/kg over 28 days. Measurements of body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were carried out weekly, and biochemical parameters were evaluated. An oral glucose tolerance test was also performed. Inhibitory activities of PLU on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities were evaluated in vitro. The anti-inflammatory was evaluated in vivo in Wistar rats using the paw edema induction Test by carrageenan, and in vitro using the hemolysis ratio test. PLU administration to diabetic mice during the study period improved their body weight and FBG levels remarkably. In vitro inhibitory activity of digestive enzymes indicated that they may be involved in the proposed mode of action of PLU extract. Qualitative results of PLU revealed the presence of 18 polyphenols. These findings support daily consumption of flaxseed for people with diabetes, and suggest that polyphenols in flaxseed may serve as dietary supplements or novel phytomedicines to treat diabetes and its complications

Conception et réalisation d'un convoyeur électromagnétique planaire miniature

Le travail effectué tout au long de cette thèse est de concevoir et réaliser un dispositif de déplacement et positionnement planaire miniature. Le dispositif possède trois degrés de liberté : deux translations et une rotation. Le principe d actionnement utilisé est l'effet électromagnétique, via la force de Laplace, entre une disposition d'aimants permanents et une bobine électrique plane. L'optimisation de l'induction produite par la barre d'aimants améliore les performances de l'actionneur. Les aspects électrique, magnétique et mécanique sont pris en compte durant l'étude de ce dispositif. Des notions de programmation pour la modélisation de l actionneur et d'automatisme pour sa commande ont été abordées. Différents dispositifs expérimentaux ont été fabriqués et des tests expérimentaux ont à la fois permis de valider le modèle développé et d'évaluer les performances de l'actionneur. Ces tests ont montré la capacité de l'actionneur à effectuer des déplacements avec une résolution de déplacement de 20 /-lm, et une résolution de positionnement de 5 nm. Une vitesse de 10 mm/s est possible. L'implantation des actionneurs sur le dispositif final permet des rotations dans un intervalle de -8/+8.The work presented in this thesis report is dedicated to design of a miniature electromagnetic planar conveyor with three degrees of freedom using Laplace force. The mobile part of the conveyor consists in four linear actuators stuck in cross structure. Each linear is composed of permanent magnets layout as the mobile part and planar electric drive coils as the fixed part. The permanent magnets layout optimizes the magnetic induction near planar electric drive coils and increases the performances of linear actuator. The modelling of the linear actuator takes into account the electric, the magnetic and mechanical aspect. Simulation results are used to dimension the prototypes and to test the control law in closed loop configuration. Experimental tests validate the established model and give dynamical performances of each realised prototype. The results show the ability of actuator to move with 20 /-lm of displacement resolution and 5 nm of positioning resolution. Velocity 10 mm/s can be reached. The angular range of the final prototype is -8/+8.COMPIEGNE-BU (601592101) / SudocSudocFranceF

A wideband integrated piezoelectric bistable generator: Experimental performance evaluation and potential for real environmental vibrations

International audienceno abstrac

Large angle flexure pivot development for future science payloads for space applications

An innovative design of a Large Angle Flexure Pivot (LAFP) is described. It combines the advantages of flexure mechanisms while surpassing one of their few flaws, small displacement strokes. The LAFP design exceeds these angular limitations to reach a deflection of 180° (±90°). The centre shifts laterally by less than ±35 μm throughout the full rotation range. The LAFP is meant to be mounted in pairs, coaxially and with the payload between them. The intended application of the LAFP is to angularly guide an optical component in a space environment for future science missions operating in a cryogenic environment. A dedicated performance test bench was developed and manufactured to test the pivot characteristics notably the lateral shift using Eddy current sensors. The test bench incorporates a representative dummy payload for mass and inertia. Extensive FEM analysis has been performed to validate the design at component level and further analysis with the pivots mounted with a representative payload on a test bench for random vibration, shock and thermal cycling environment. The second test bench for the vibration and shock tests has been manufactured incorporating a simplified launch locking device. The performance tests have confirmed a lateral shift of less than ±35 μm over an angular range of ±90°. The pivots have been successfully tested and survived vibration loads for high level sine at 24 g and random vibration at 12 grms in all three directions

Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

International audienceThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 disease in the French national population of dialysis patients, their course of illness and to identify the risk factors associated with mortality. Our study included all patients on dialysis recorded in the French REIN Registry in April 2020. Clinical characteristics at last follow-up and the evolution of COVID-19 illness severity over time were recorded for diagnosed cases (either suspicious clinical symptoms, characteristic signs on the chest scan or a positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) for SARS-CoV-2. A total of 1,621 infected patients were reported on the REIN registry from March 16th, 2020 to May 4th, 2020. Of these, 344 died. The prevalence of COVID-19 patients varied from less than 1% to 10% between regions. The probability of being a case was higher in males, patients with diabetes, those in need of assistance for transfer or treated at a self-care unit. Dialysis at home was associated with a lower probability of being infected as was being a smoker, a former smoker, having an active malignancy, or peripheral vascular disease. Mortality in diagnosed cases (21%) was associated with the same causes as in the general population. Higher age, hypoalbuminemia and the presence of an ischemic heart disease were statistically independently associated with a higher risk of death. Being treated at a selfcare unit was associated with a lower risk. Thus, our study showed a relatively low frequency of COVID-19 among dialysis patients contrary to what might have been assumed