Book reviews

Nanoencapsulation technologies for the food and nutraceutical industries S.M. JAFARI (Ed.) Academic Press, Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc., 2016, 125 London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom, ISBN 978-0-12-809436-5, 610 pages | Food safety in the 21st century: Public health perspective (1st ed.) R. K. GUPTA, B. P. DUDEJA and A. S. MINHAS (Eds) Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, 125 London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom ISBN: 978-0128017739, 624 pages | Molecular methods for the detection and characterization of foodborne and environmental pathogens R.K. GUPTA, B. P. DUDEJA and A. S. MINHAS (Eds) DEStech Publications, Inc. 439 North Duke Street, Lancaster, Pennsylvania 17602 U.S.A. ISBN No. 978-1-60595-079-2, 156 pages | Foodborne diseases 3rd edition C.E.R. DODD, T. ALDSWORTH, R.A. STEIN, D.O. CLIVER and H.P. RIEMANN (Eds) Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, London, UK, San Diego, USA, Cambridge, USA, Oxford, UK, 2016, ISBN: 978-0-12-385007-2 (print), 576 pages | The vitamins: Fundamental aspects in nutrition and health 5th edition G.F. COMBS and J.P. MCCLUNG (Eds) Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier, London, UK, San Diego, USA, Cambridge, USA, Oxford, UK, 2016, ISBN: 978-0-12-802965-7, 628 page

Concurrent Exposure of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) to Multiple Algal Toxins in Sarasota Bay, Florida, USA

Sentinel species such as bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) can be impacted by large-scale mortality events due to exposure to marine algal toxins. In the Sarasota Bay region (Gulf of Mexico, Florida, USA), the bottlenose dolphin population is frequently exposed to harmful algal blooms (HABs) of Karenia brevis and the neurotoxic brevetoxins (PbTx; BTX) produced by this dinoflagellate. Live dolphins sampled during capture-release health assessments performed in this region tested positive for two HAB toxins; brevetoxin and domoic acid (DA). Over a ten-year study period (2000–2009) we have determined that bottlenose dolphins are exposed to brevetoxin and/or DA on a nearly annual basis (i.e., DA: 2004, 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009; brevetoxin: 2000, 2004, 2005, 2008, 2009) with 36% of all animals testing positive for brevetoxin (n = 118) and 53% positive for DA (n = 83) with several individuals (14%) testing positive for both neurotoxins in at least one tissue/fluid. To date there have been no previously published reports of DA in southwestern Florida marine mammals, however the May 2008 health assessment coincided with a Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima bloom that was the likely source of DA observed in seawater and live dolphin samples. Concurrently, both DA and brevetoxin were observed in common prey fish. Although no Pseudo-nitzschia bloom was identified the following year, DA was identified in seawater, fish, sediment, snails, and dolphins. DA concentrations in feces were positively correlated with hematologic parameters including an increase in total white blood cell (p = 0.001) and eosinophil (p<0.001) counts. Our findings demonstrate that dolphins within Sarasota Bay are commonly exposed to two algal toxins, and provide the impetus to further explore the potential long-term impacts on bottlenose dolphin health

Molecular Architecture of the Human Mediator–RNA Polymerase II–TFIIF Assembly

The authors perform a cryo-EM study of the 1.9 MDa human Mediator-RNA polymerase II-TFIIF assembly, which reveals the structural organization of the human transcription initiation apparatus

Grupa wyszogradzka - procesy ekonomiczne i tendencje rozwojowe w ostatnich latach

Taking a look back to the last 15-20 years and making a comparison between the transition processes of the region, more or less it can be stated that the transition of the so-called Visegrád countries was successful. These countries were hit hard by the crisis created new challenges for them.W pracy przedstawiono analizę procesów ekonomicznych mających miejsce w ostatnich dwóch dekadach w krajach Grupy Wyszogrodzkiej. Zwrócono uwagę na pozytywne wyniki zmian i szanse na dalszy rozwój w przyszłości

Wpływ zmiany użytkowania gruntów na wartość ziemi na Węgrzech

Tracking and analysing economic and social changes in the agricultural sector is vital for decision makers, sectoral parties, professional and advocacy organisations and research institutions. Collected statistical data serve as a basis for domestic decision making and provide the foundation of strategy formulation in rural development, agro-environmental protection and sustainable agriculture. In the course of our research, analyses based on statistical databases were used to assess land use changes and land market prices. The structural survey of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office in 2013 shows that the proportion of business organisations utilising arable land grew 7 percentage points while individual farms increased their share by 2 percentage points. Our research shows that the concentration of land use increased demand for land and thus contributed to the increase in land prices.Śledzenie i analiza zmian ekonomicznych i socjalnych w sektorze rolnym jest niezbędne dla osób podejmujących decyzje, organizacji zawodowych oraz instytucji badawczych. Zebrane dane statystyczne służą za podstawę do podejmowania lokalnych decyzji oraz formułowania fundamentalnej strategii dotyczącej rozwoju rolnego, rolnośrodowiskowej ochrony oraz rolnictwa zrównoważonego. W badaniach wykorzystano dane z bazy statystycznych, aby ocenić zmiany w użytkowaniu ziemi oraz jej cen rynkowych. Ze sprawozdania Węgierskiego Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego z 2013 roku wynika, że udział organizacji biznesowych użytkujących grunty uprawne wzrosła o 7 p.p., podczas gdy prywatne gospodarstwa rolne zwiększyły swój udział o 2 p.p. Badanie pokazały, że koncentracja gruntów zwiększa popyt na nie, ale przyczynia się także do wzrostu cen

Powody regionalnego zróżnicowania cen ziemi rolniczej - studium przypadku Węgier

Agricultural land market in Hungary is in process of development, the prices of land is times lower compared to land prices in old member states of the EU. Because of their lower income Hungarian nationals do not have substantial possibilities to acquire ownership over land like nationals of the old member states of the EU. In order to preserve the agricultural sector from shocks that might arise from the differences in land prices and income with the rest of EU, Hungary as the others Central and Eastern European new member states countries (the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia) during the accession negotiations in 2003 was granted the possibility to maintain existing national provisions restricting the acquisition of agricultural land or forests. Based on the data provided by the Hungarian Farm Accountancy Data Network and by the Hungarian Central Statistic Office the authors examined the specific impacts of factors influencing on arable land prices.Na podstawie danych z węgierskiego FADN i Centralnego Biura Statystycznego zbadano szczegółowe oddziaływanie czynników wpływających na ceny gruntów ornych w różnych regionach Węgier. W badaniach prowadzonych przy pomocy analizy regresji wielokrotnej wykazano, że na ceny gruntów ornych wpływają różne czynniki, w zależności od regionu Węgier

Morphology and Distribution of Seamounts Surrounding Easter Island

We investigate the morphology and distribution of a seamount population on a section of seafloor influenced by both superfast seafloor spreading and hotspot volcanism. The population under investigation is part of a broad chain of seamounts extending eastward from the East Pacific Rise, near Easter Island. In order to define the morphological variability of the seamounts, basal shape, cross-sectional area, volume, flatness, and flank slope are plotted against height for 383 seamounts with heights greater than 200 m, based on bathymetry data collected by GLORI-B and SeaBeam 2000, during three cruises onboard the R/V Melville in the spring of 1993. Nearly complete swath mapping coverage of the seamounts is available for the analysis of size and shape distribution. We quantitatively describe the seamount population of this active region, in which seamounts cover ∼27% of the seafloor, and account for ∼4.2% of the total crustal volume. Over 50% of the total volume (61,000 km3) of seamounts used in this study is made up by the 14 largest seamounts, and the remaining volume is made up by the 369 smaller seamounts (\u3e200 m in height). Our analysis indicates there are at least two seamount populations in the Easter Island-Salas y Gomez Island (25°–29°S, 113°–104°W) study area. One population of seamounts is composed of short seamounts (\u3c1200 min height) with variable flatness from pointy cones to flattened domes (flatness from 0.01 to 0.57) and predominantly steep flanks (slopes from 5° to 32°). A second population is of massive (\u3e1200 m), shield-like, pointy cones (flatness \u3c0.2) and gentle slopes (from 5° to 15°). An exponential maximum likelihood distribution is fit to the binned raw frequency of height and gives a characteristic height of the seamount population of 308±12 m and an expected number of seamounts per 1000 km2 of 2.7±0.15. Many seamounts that have different slope and flatness relationships with height are formed next to each other. We speculate that the larger volcanoes (\u3e∼1200 m) originate exclusively from a hotspot source, but only a portion of the smaller volcanoes (\u3c∼1200 m) are formed from a hotspot source. The remainder would be presumably formed by a normal mantle or mixed source