2,862 research outputs found
Job Satisfaction and Its Determinants among Chinese Rural-to-urban Migrant Workers
Job satisfaction has been proved to be negatively correlated with labor mobility (Freeman, 1977). China faces a huge labor shortage and this problem worsens as migrant workers stay at their home provinces. This paper examines job satisfaction and its determinants among Chinese rural-urban migrant workers. This analysis is based on a number of previous theoretical and empirical studies. Data is used from the Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP) 2002 Rural-urban Migrant Household Survey. Migrant workers’ job satisfaction is proved to be much more sensitive to expected future income, and this paper ascertains the positive relations between expected future income and job satisfaction. Unlike previous studies, this paper finds that the greater the geographical distance is between a rural-urban migrant worker’ home province and current working province, the lower the migrant worker’ job satisfaction. However, the job satisfaction can be augmented if migrant workers have many friends in their working cities. Additionally, migrant workers’ job satisfaction is an inverted U-shaped curve in educational attainment. Being discriminated against by urban workers lowers migrant workers’ job satisfaction. This study carries some policy implications – softening institutional restrictions, enhancing the enforcement of the Labor Law, and emphasizing education in rural China – which may abbreviate the rift of the great labor shortage
Magnon dark modes and gradient memory
Extensive efforts have been expended in developing hybrid quantum systems to
overcome the short coherence time of superconducting circuits by introducing
the naturally long-lived spin degree of freedom. Among all the possible
materials, single-crystal yttrium iron garnet has shown up very recently as a
promising candidate for hybrid systems, and various highly coherent
interactions, including strong and even ultra-strong coupling, have been
demonstrated. One distinct advantage of these systems is that the spins are in
the form of well-defined magnon modes, which allows flexible and precise
tuning. Here we demonstrate that by dissipation engineering, a non-Markovian
interaction dynamics between the magnon and the microwave cavity photon can be
achieved. Such a process enables us to build a magnon gradient memory to store
information in the magnon dark modes, which decouple from the microwave cavity
and thus preserve a long life-time. Our findings provide a promising approach
for developing long-lifetime, multimode quantum memories.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figure
Beyond Fairness: Age-Harmless Parkinson's Detection via Voice
Parkinson's disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder, often manifests as
speech and voice dysfunction. While utilizing voice data for PD detection has
great potential in clinical applications, the widely used deep learning models
currently have fairness issues regarding different ages of onset. These deep
models perform well for the elderly group (age 55) but are less accurate
for the young group (age 55). Through our investigation, the discrepancy
between the elderly and the young arises due to 1) an imbalanced dataset and 2)
the milder symptoms often seen in early-onset patients. However, traditional
debiasing methods are impractical as they typically impair the prediction
accuracy for the majority group while minimizing the discrepancy. To address
this issue, we present a new debiasing method using GradCAM-based feature
masking combined with ensemble models, ensuring that neither fairness nor
accuracy is compromised. Specifically, the GradCAM-based feature masking
selectively obscures age-related features in the input voice data while
preserving essential information for PD detection. The ensemble models further
improve the prediction accuracy for the minority (young group). Our approach
effectively improves detection accuracy for early-onset patients without
sacrificing performance for the elderly group. Additionally, we propose a
two-step detection strategy for the young group, offering a practical risk
assessment for potential early-onset PD patients
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