Peningkatan Aktivitas Peserta Didik dalam Pembelajaran IPA Menggunakan Metode Inkuiri di Kelas IV Sdn

The purpose of this study is to describe the increase in the activity of learners in the learning of Natural Sciences using inquiry methods. This study used a descriptive method of research is the form of action research. This research was conducted for 3 cycles. The results of this study are as follows: baseline physical activity indicator by 24.64% to 97.10% the third cycle. There is a difference of 72.46%. Thus the increase in physical activity can be categorized as "High". Baseline on indicators of mental activity by 21.01% to 96.36% the third cycle. There is a difference of 75.35%. Thus the increase in mental activity can be categorized as "High". Baseline on indicators of emotional activity of 23.92% to 97.83% .Terdapat third cycle difference of 73.91%. Thus the increase in emotional activity can be categorized as "High"

Leaf Surface Characteristics of Selected Malaysian Weed Species of Oil Palm

Laboratory and glasshouse studies were conducted to examine the leaf surface characteristics of selected weed species of oil palm. The broadleaf weeds selected were Asystasia gangetica, Borreria latifolia, Cleome rutidosperma, Clidemia hirta, Diodia ocimifolia and Mikania micrantha, while for the narrow leafs, Axonopus compressus, Cyperus kylingia, Eleusine indica, Paspalum conjugatum and Pennisetum polistachyon were investigated. The weeds were categorized into different types of roughness based on the macroscopic roughness, microscopic roughness and the estimation of three roughness parameters: Ra (arithmetic average height parameter), Rq (root-mean-square roughness parameter, corresponding to Ra), and Rz (average of high peaks and low valleys over the evaluation length). The leaf was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the surface roughness, while the epicuticular wax content of the leaf was extracted using chloroform. The amount of wax extracted from the weeds varied between species. For broadleaf plants, Mikania micrantha (44.22 µg/cm2) was identified as the plant that contained the highest quantity of wax. Clidemia hirta (24.03 µg/cm2) and Asystasia gangetica (23.03 µg/cm2) were grouped in the plants with a medium quantity of wax while Cleome rutidosperma (16.52 µg/cm2), Borreria latifolia (14.19 µg/cm2) and Diodia ocimifolia (10.75 µg/cm2) were grouped in the plants with a low quantity of cuticular wax weight. For narrow leaf plants, Eleusine indica (44.23 µg/cm2) and Imperata cylindrica (49.88 µg/cm2) were recognized as the plants that contained a high quantity of wax. Pennisetum polystachion (32.16 µg/cm2) and Cyperus kylingia (22.85 µg/cm2) were categorized under the plants with a medium quantity of wax, whereas Paspalum conjugatum (19.59 µg/cm2) and Axonopus compressus (16.78 µg/cm2) were classified under the plant with a low quantity of wax. The wax on the abaxial surface data of the broadleaf weeds was found to be significantly different when compared to the adaxial surface data. In contrast, the amount of wax on the abaxial and adaxial leaf surface of the narrow leaf weeds was more or less similar. For the leaf surface roughness of the broadleaf species, Borreria latifolia was categorized as the roughest, followed by Clidemia hirta, Diodia ocimifolia, Asystasia gangetica and Cleome rutidosperma. Mikania micrantha had the smoothest leaf surface among the broadleaf species. On the other hand, the narrow leaf of Pennisetum polistachyon was identified as the roughest, followed by Imperata cylindrica and Paspalum conjugatum, while Eleusine indica, Axonopus compressus and Cyperus kylingia were categorized as having the smoothest leaf surface

Nano-satellite attitude control system based on adaptive neuro-controller

The current research focuses on designing of an intelligent controller for attitude control system (ACS) of nano-satellite. The nanosatellite namely Innovative Satellite (InnoSAT) was organized by Agensi Angkasa Negara (ANGKASA) to attract the interest of Malaysian universities in satellite development.In this study, an intelligent controller based on Hybrid Multi Layered Perceptron (HMLP) network was developed. The network used model reference adaptive control (MRAC) system as a control scheme to control a time varying systems where the performance specifications are given in terms of a reference model.The Weighted Recursive Least Square (WRLS) algorithm will adjust the controller parameters to minimize error between the plant output and the model reference output.The objective of this paper is to analyze the tracking performance of ANC based on HMLP network and ANC based on standard MLP network for controlling a satellite attitude. The simulation results indicate that ANC based on HMLP network gave better performance than ANC based on standard MLP network

Antioxidative responses of Cocos nucifera against infestation by the Red Palm Weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, a new invasive coconut pest in Malaysia

Interaction between the Red Palm Weevil (RPW) and coconuts will stimulate the plants’ early response by producing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) which causes lipid peroxidation and membrane damage of the host plants. Thus, a multiple defense lines, including both scavenging enzymes and molecular antioxidants have been evolved to promptly inactivate these radicals. This study investigated the responses of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid and carotenoids contents of three coconut cultivars which were PANDAN, MAWA and MATAG against the RPW infestation. The infested PANDAN and MAWA exhibited higher CAT, POD and APX specific activities of 2.60 ± 0.11, 5.0 ± 0.72 and 1.58 ± 0.20 units/mg protein for PANDAN whereas 1.13 ± 0.04, 39.38 ± 2.29 and 1.15 ± 0.16 units/mg, protein for MAWA) compared with controls. However, MATAG cultivar showed no significant difference (p<0.05) in the production of both enzymes except for POD specific activities. RPW infestations only managed to trigger the α-tocopherol concentrations in the MAWA cultivar compared with the others. Infested MAWA and MATAG increased the ascorbic acid concentrations, however, a contrast results was observed in infested PANDAN. All coconut cultivars exhibited higher carotenoids content (2771.20 ± 263.90, 3043.20 ± 526.35 and 921.20 ± 281.10 μg/g.fwt of PANDAN, MAWA and MATAG, respectively) compared with their respective controls (455.20 ± 135.10, 1408.40 ± 103.02 and 248.80 ± 110.39 μg/g.fwt). The above results indicated that the oxidative stress induced by the RPW infestation would stimulate the activities of enzymes and molecular antioxidants studied especially in infested MAWA. Thus, it may be suggested that MAWA cultivar was more tolerance towards RPW infestation compared to MATAG and PANDAN. It is hoped that this finding will provide clues on how plant respond toward stress during infestation, thus further action can be activated as soon as possible to control the spread of R. ferrugineus

An Exploratory Study of Lecturers' Views of Out-of-class Academic Collaboration Among Students

This article reports an exploratory study of lecturers' perceptions of out-of-class academic collaboration (OCAC) among students at a large Singapore university. Two types of OCAC were investigated: collaboration initiated by students, e.g., groups decide on their own to meet to prepare for exams, and collaboration required by teachers, e.g., teachers assign students to do projects in groups. Data were collected via one-on-one interviews with 18 faculty members from four faculties at the university. Findings suggest that OCAC, especially of a teacher-required kind, is fairly common at the university. Faculty members' views on factors affecting the success of OCAC are discussed for the light they might shed on practices to enhance the effectiveness of OCAC

Adaptive and dynamic characteristics in hybrid agile management model for software development project success

The management of traditional software development methodologies and agile software development methodologies over the decades have not worked to its expectation in increasing the success rates of software projects. The Agile Manifesto in 2001 had promised to better manage IT projects with its 4 values and 12 principles but project success still appears to be elusive. The study and application of critical success and failure factors have been done by researchers but these factors are quick remedy solutions and not long-term robust improvements in the management of development methodologies. More research is required into the management of traditional and agile methodologies characteristics instead of success and failure factors. The coexistence of these characteristics as hybrid methods has also provided evidence of an increase in productivity and further research is required to strengthen and close current gaps in the management of hybrid methodologies. An empirical method with a quantitative approach is adopted to collect data with questionnaires from software development focus groups involved in industry projects. The data collected is analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) technique and the Partial Least Squares (PLS) tool. The findings provide a set of significant characteristics of adaptive and dynamic features, which are combined with organizational objectives to prove there is a strong relationship between project success with hybrid methods and hybrid combination patterns