Reduction of blood nitric oxide levels is associated with clinical improvement of the chronic pelvic pain related to endometriosis

The objective of this prospective study was to determine the plasma levels of nitric oxide (NO) in women with chronic pelvic pain secondary to endometriosis (n=24) and abdominal myofascial pain syndrome (n=16). NO levels were measured in plasma collected before and 1 month after treatment. Pretreatment NO levels (μM) were lower in healthy volunteers (47.0±12.7) than in women with myofascial pain (64.2±5.0, P=0.01) or endometriosis (99.5±12.9, P<0.0001). After treatment, plasma NO levels were reduced only in the endometriosis group (99.5±12.9 vs 61.6±5.9, P=0.002). A correlation between reduction of pain intensity and reduction of NO level was observed in the endometriosis group [correlation = 0.67 (95%CI = 0.35 to 0.85), P<0.0001]. Reduction of NO levels was associated with an increase of pain threshold in this group [correlation = -0.53 (-0.78 to -0.14), P<0.0001]. NO levels appeared elevated in women with chronic pelvic pain diagnosed as secondary to endometriosis, and were directly associated with reduction in pain intensity and increase in pain threshold after treatment. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of NO in the pathophysiology of pain in women with endometriosis and its eventual association with central sensitization.484363369CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQSem informaçã

The determination of the prevalence of tuberculosis infection among school-children vaccinated by Bhattacharya's method

The sucessful application of Bhattacharya's method ( decomposition of frequency distribution into normal components by a grafic method) in the analysis of the results of tuberculin test performed on a population sensitized by "anonymous" strains of mycobacteria, suggested the possibility of its application to two samples of BCG vacinated school-children, living in the city of S. Paulo (Brazil). One of the sample groups, vaccinated between the second and seventh years of life, was surveyed in 1982 and the other, vaccinated during the first year of life, was surveyed in 1988. In both populations it was possible to characterize the normal component corresponding to children infected by tuberculous bacilli and to quantify them. In the first one, the average size of the reactions was 17.40 mm, the standard deviation 3.72 mm and the proportion of infected children 7.71%, against 4.85% in the unvaccinated control group; otherwise, in the population surveyed in 1988, the average size was 17.00 mm, the standard deviation 4.67 mm and the proportion of infected children amounted to 4.14% against 4.48% in the control group. It is concluded that the method permits the estimation of the prevalence of tuberculosis infection among BCG-vaccinated school-children, provided that the vaccine has been given during the first year of life.Em populações muito afetadas por reações tuberculínicas inespecíficas, o teste tuberculínico padronizado, via de regra, superestima a infecção tuberculosa. A bem sucedida aplicação do método de Bhattacharya (método gráfico para a decomposição de uma distribuição de freqüências em componentes normais) na análise de resultados do teste em população contaminada por infecçõcs atípicas sugeriu seu uso nos resultados obtidos cm populações vacinadas com BCG. Assim, na análise dos resultados de dois inquéritos tuberculínicos realizados na cidade de São Paulo, SP (Brasil), em 1982 (escolares vacinados entre o segundo e o sexto ano de vida), e em 1988 (escolares vacinados no primeiro ano de vida), foi possível a caracterização e quantificação da componente normal devida à infecção natural em cada uma das misturas. Na população de 1982 o diâmetro médio das reações foi de 17,40 mm com desvio padrão 3,72 mm, e a proporção de infectados foi de 7,71% contra 4,85% nos não vacinados; na população de 1988, o diâmetro médio foi 17,00 mm com desvio padrão 4,67 mm, e a proporção de infectados foi de 4,14% contra 4,48% nos não vacinados. Concluiu-se que o método permite estimar a prevalência da infecção tuberculosa em populações com alta cobertura vacinal, desde que a vacina tenha sido aplicada no primeiro ano de vida

Hamiltonian Study of Improved U(1U(1 Lattice Gauge Theory in Three Dimensions

A comprehensive analysis of the Symanzik improved anisotropic three-dimensional U(1) lattice gauge theory in the Hamiltonian limit is made. Monte Carlo techniques are used to obtain numerical results for the static potential, ratio of the renormalized and bare anisotropies, the string tension, lowest glueball masses and the mass ratio. Evidence that rotational symmetry is established more accurately for the Symanzik improved anisotropic action is presented. The discretization errors in the static potential and the renormalization of the bare anisotropy are found to be only a few percent compared to errors of about 20-25% for the unimproved gauge action. Evidence of scaling in the string tension, antisymmetric mass gap and the mass ratio is observed in the weak coupling region and the behaviour is tested against analytic and numerical results obtained in various other Hamiltonian studies of the theory. We find that more accurate determination of the scaling coefficients of the string tension and the antisymmetric mass gap has been achieved, and the agreement with various other Hamiltonian studies of the theory is excellent. The improved action is found to give faster convergence to the continuum limit. Very clear evidence is obtained that in the continuum limit the glueball ratio $M_{S}/M_{A}$ approaches exactly 2, as expected in a theory of free, massive bosons.Comment: 13 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.