76 research outputs found
Newtonian limits of warp drive spacetimes
We find a class of warp drive spacetimes possessing Newtonian limits, which
we then determine. The same method is used to compute Newtonian limits of the
Schwarzschild solution and spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker
cosmological models.Comment: 9 pages; v2: major changes; v3: misprints correcte
Homogeneous cosmologies from the quasi-Maxwell formalism
We show how to use the quasi-Maxwell formalism to obtain solutions of
Einstein's field equations corresponding to homogeneous cosmologies - namely
Einstein's universe, Godel's universe and the Ozsvath-Farnsworth-Kerr class I
solutions - written in frames for which the associated observers are
stationary.Comment: 15 pages, references adde
On the global uniqueness for the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a cosmological constant. Part 3: Mass inflation and extendibility of the solutions
This paper is the third part of a trilogy dedicated to the following problem:
given spherically symmetric characteristic initial data for the
Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a cosmological constant ,
with the data on the outgoing initial null hypersurface given by a subextremal
Reissner-Nordstrom black hole event horizon, study the future extendibility of
the corresponding maximal globally hyperbolic development as a "suitably
regular" Lorentzian manifold.
In the first part of this series we established the well posedness of the
characteristic problem, whereas in the second part we studied the stability of
the radius function at the Cauchy horizon.
In this third and final paper we show that, depending on the decay rate of
the initial data, mass inflation may or may not occur. When the mass is
controlled, it is possible to obtain continuous extensions of the metric across
the Cauchy horizon with square integrable Christoffel symbols. Under slightly
stronger conditions, we can bound the gradient of the scalar field. This allows
the construction of (non-isometric) extensions of the maximal development which
are classical solutions of the Einstein equations. Our results provide evidence
against the validity of the strong cosmic censorship conjecture when
.Comment: 48 pages, 5 figures; v2: some presentation changes, mostly in the
Introduction; v3: substantial changes in Section 5; v4: expanded
Introduction; some presentation changes; matches final published versio
Estándares territoriales de innovación : análisis de las regiones de Portugal
Competitiveness among regions and innovation dynamics are intimately related and depend on a solid and effective innovation system. This study aims to measure innovativeness in different Portuguese regions and to evaluate the nature of the innovation process and the relationship between innovativeness and its region of origin. To characterize the territorial innovation processes and to identify innovation patterns by regions, it analyzes their main distinctive factors, based on the Community Innovation Survey results for each region. Thus, it compares the Portuguese regions by verifying the existence of subjacent clusters and finding out the characteristics that distinguish the different groups of regions. The results point to the existence of four groups of regions, and the factors identified are related to the innovation process, namely objectives of innovation, sources of innovation, collaborative networks, triple helix performance, and obstacles to innovation.RESUMEN: La competitividad entre las regiones y la dinámica de la innovación están íntimamente relacionadas y dependen de un sistema de innovación sólida y eficaz. Este estudio tiene como objetivo medir la capacidad de innovación en diferentes regiones portuguesas y evaluar la naturaleza del proceso de innovación y la relación entre la capacidad de innovación y su región de origen. Para la caracterización de los procesos de innovación territoriales y identificar estándares de innovación en las regiones, este artículo analiza sus factores distintivos principales, con base en los resultados de las encuestas comunitarias sobre innovación para cada región. Por lo tanto, se comparan las regiones portuguesas mediante la verificación de la existencia de agrupaciones subyacentes y descubrir las características que distinguen a los diferentes grupos de regiones. Los resultados apuntan a la existencia de cuatro grupos de regiones, y los factores identificados están relacionados con el proceso de innovación, es decir, los objetivos de la innovación, las fuentes de innovación, redes de colaboración, el funcionamiento de la triple hélice, y los obstáculos a la innovación.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
On the global uniqueness for the Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a cosmological constant. Part 2: Structure of the solutions and stability of the Cauchy horizon
This paper is the second part of a trilogy dedicated to the following
problem: given spherically symmetric characteristic initial data for the
Einstein-Maxwell-scalar field system with a cosmological constant ,
with the data on the outgoing initial null hypersurface given by a subextremal
Reissner-Nordstrom black hole event horizon, study the future extendibility of
the corresponding maximal globally hyperbolic development as a "suitably
regular" Lorentzian manifold.
In the first paper of this sequence, we established well posedness of the
characteristic problem with general initial data.
In this second paper, we generalize the results of Dafermos on the stability
of the radius function at the Cauchy horizon by including a cosmological
constant. This requires a considerable deviation from the strategy followed by
Dafermos, focusing on the level sets of the radius function instead of the
red-shift and blue-shift regions. We also present new results on the global
structure of the solution when the free data is not identically zero in a
neighborhood of the origin.
In the third and final paper, we will consider the issue of mass inflation
and extendibility of solutions beyond the Cauchy horizon.Comment: 44 pages, 13 figures; v2: a few small changes; v3: a paragraph was
added in the Introduction, minor clarifications were made thoughout, the list
of references was expanded, matches final published versio
Painleve-Gullstrand Coordinates for the Kerr Solution
We construct a coordinate system for the Kerr solution, based on the zero
angular momentum observers dropped from infinity, which generalizes the
Painleve-Gullstrand coordinate system for the Schwarzschild solution. The Kerr
metric can then be interpreted as describing space flowing on a (curved)
Riemannian 3-manifold. The stationary limit arises as the set of points on this
manifold where the speed of the flow equals the speed of light, and the
horizons as the set of points where the radial speed equals the speed of light.
A deeper analysis of what is meant by the flow of space reveals that the
acceleration of free-falling objects is generally not in the direction of this
flow. Finally, we compare the new coordinate system with the closely related
Doran coordinate system.Comment: 6 pages; v2: new section, matches final published version; v3: sign
error in the expression of the function delta correcte
Inovação e desenvolvimento territorial: o papel do empreendedorismo social
DINÂMIA, Dezembro de 2009.Na era da globalização e da afirmação inequívoca da importância do desenvolvimento
sustentável, realçados pelos diversos fóruns internacionais, suscitam-se diversas questões em
torno da participação colectiva em matéria de desenvolvimento regional, designadamente
quanto à importância do “terceiro sector” para reforçar o capital social e espessura institucional
dos territórios mais expostos à desindustrialização por falta de competitividade externa, num
esforço de mobilização da sociedade civil para vencer desafios comprometedores do bem-estar
social das gerações vindouras. Neste artigo pretende-se efectuar uma revisão da literatura
centrada na economia regional, territorial e da inovação, salientando a importância da economia
social para a construção de um meio socialmente inovador. Procura-se dar particular destaque
ao empreendedorismo social enquanto mecanismo que poderá contrariar a lógica dualista de
competitividade regional inerente ao paradigma da “economia do conhecimento”, sendo esta
potenciadora de um conflito entre eficiência e equidade (social e territorial) pelo risco de
polarização geográfica do capital humano e da inovação que lhe está associado. Essa
polarização inibe o potencial endógeno de crescimento da produção, do rendimento e do
emprego das regiões empobrecidas.In the era of globalization and unequivocal affirmation of the importance of sustainable
development, focused on various international forums, it raises several questions about the
collective participation on Regional Development, particularly on the importance of "third
sector" to reinforce social capital and institutional thickness of the territories more exposed to
deindustrialization for lack of external competitiveness, in an effort to mobilize civil society to
overcome challenges compromising the welfare of future generations. In this article it is
purposed to make a literature review about regional, territorial and innovation economics,
bringing to light the importance of social entrepreneurship as a mechanism that may counteract
the dualistic logic of regional competitiveness inherent in the paradigm of "knowledge
economy", which is leading to a conflict between efficiency and (social and territorial) equity
for the inherent risk of capital human and innovation’ geographic polarization. This polarization
inhibits the endogenous potential of growth of production, income and employment in depleted
regions.FC
Evaluating the determinants of national innovative capacity among european countries
Copyright © 2011 Maria Manuela Santos Natário, João Pedro Almeida Couto, Maria Teresa Borges Tiago, Ascensão Maria Martins Braga. This is a research/review paper, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), permitting all non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.This paper reflects upon the factors that influence the national innovative capacity that is based on the European Innovation Scoreboard database. The aim is to reflect on, and evaluate, the factors influencing national innovative capacity. A cluster analysis was conducted to verify how different countries are positioned in terms of innovation outputs and determine which factors distinguish their level of innovative capacity. The results point to the existence of four groups of countries. On the other hand, the factors identified are related to the dimensions of institutional efficiency, namely the efficiency of institutions, types of regulation, effective rule of law and level of corruption, societies’ cultural values associated with the level of hierarchy or "power distance" and "uncertainty avoidance." Aspects are related to the innovation framework, such as doctorates in science and engineering, business Research & Development expenses, and the level of collaboration for innovation
Addendum to “Strong cosmic censorship: The nonlinear story”
We clarify a number of issues that arise when extending the analysis of strong cosmic censorship (SCC) to perturbations of highly charged Reissner-Nordström de Sitter (RNdS) spacetimes. The linear stability of the Cauchy horizon can be determined from the spectral gap of quasinormal modes, thus giving a clear idea of the ranges of parameters that are likely to lead to SCC violations for infinitesimally small perturbations. However, the situation becomes much more subtle once the nonlinear backreaction is taken into account. These subtleties have created a considerable amount of confusion in the literature regarding the conclusions one is able to derive about SCC from the available numerical simulations. Here we present new numerical results concerning charged self-gravitating scalar fields in spherical symmetry, correct some previous claims concerning the neutral case, and argue that the existing numerical codes are insufficient to draw conclusions about the potential failure of SCC for near extremal RNdS black hole spacetimes.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
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