Sustainability of Forest Management

Cancer chemotherapy regimens, particularly those employing high-dose cytotoxic drugs such as cyclophosphamide (CTX), have been considered to be immune suppressive. However, we observed that a single administration of high-dose CTX abolished tumors arising from subcutaneous injection of a mouse hepatoma cell line and subsequently induced specific tumor immunity. Depletion of T cells, specifically CD4+ T cells, abrogated the CTX-mediated tumor regression. CTX treatment induced the rapid recruitment of CD4+ T cells into the tumors, and these recruited cells initiated expression of LAMP1/CD107a, a cytotoxic granule molecule, and granzyme B in the absence of antigen presentation at draining lymph nodes and proliferation in the tumor tissues. Moreover, CTX enhanced the expression of a CC chemokine, CCL3, in tumor tissues, and CTX-mediated tumor regression was attenuated in mice deficient in CCR5, the receptor for this chemokine. Consistently, less CTX-induced accumulation of intratumoral LAMP1/CD107a-expressing CD4+ T cells was observed in mice receiving splenocytes derived from CCR5-deficient mice than in those receiving splenocytes derived from WT mice. Thus, CTX induces the expression of CCL3, which induces the intratumoral migration of CD4+ T cells expressing cytotoxic molecules, leading to tumor eradication and subsequent specific tumor immunity. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd.12 months Embarg

Residual Strain Dependence on Matrix Structure in RHQ-Nb3Al Wires by Neutron Diffraction Measurement

We prepared three types of non-Cu RHQ-Nb3Al wire samples with different matrix structures: an all-Ta matrix,a composite matrix of Nb and Ta with a Ta inter filament, and an all-Nb matrix. Neutron diffraction patterns of the wire samples were measured at room temperature in J-PARC "TAKUMI". To obtain residual strains of materials, we estimated lattice constant a by multi-peak analysis in the wire. Powder sample of each wire was measured, where the powder was considered to be strain-free. The grain size of all the powder samples was below 0.02 mm. For wire sample with the all-Nb matrix, we also obtained lattice spacing d by a single-peak analysis. Residual strains of Nb3Al filament were estimated from the two analysis results and were compared. Result, residual strains obtained from the multi-peak analysis showed a good accuracy with small standard deviation. The multi-peak analysis results for the residual strains of Nb3Al filament in the three samples were all tensile residual strain in the axial direction, they are 0.12%, 0.12%, and 0.05% for the all-Ta matrix, the composite matrix, and the all-Nb matrix, respectively. Difference in the residual strain of Nb3Al filament between the composite and all-Nb matrix samples indicates that type of inter-filament materials show a great effect on the residual strain. In this paper, we report the method of measurement, method of analysis, and results for residual strain in the tree types of non-Cu RHO-Nb3Al wires.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure

Isolation of mucosa-associated microbiota dysbiosis in the ascending colon in hepatitis C virus post-sustained virologic response cirrhotic patients

BackgroundAchieving sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) reduces all-cause mortality. However, the mechanisms and risk factors for liver fibrosis and portal hypertension post-SVR remain incompletely understood. In the gut-liver axis, mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) substantially influence immune and metabolic functions, displaying spatial heterogeneity at the anatomical intestinal site. We analyzed MAM composition and function to isolate the locoregional MAM involved in chronic liver disease progression in HCV post-SVR patients.MethodsWe collected MAM samples from three intestinal sites (terminal ileum, ascending colon, and sigmoid colon) via brushing during colonoscopy in 23 HCV post-SVR patients and 25 individuals without liver disease (controls). The 16S rRNA of bacterial DNA in specimens collected with a brush and in feces was sequenced. The molecular expression of intestinal tissues and hepatic tissues were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR.ResultsIn the post-SVR group, the microbial β-diversity of MAM, especially in the ascending colon, differed from the control group and was associated with liver fibrosis progression. In PICRUSt analysis, MAM in the ascending colon in the liver cirrhosis (LC) group showed compromised functions associated with the intestinal barrier and bile acid production, and FGF19 expression was markedly decreased in the terminal ileum biopsy tissue in the LC group. At the genus level, six short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacterial genera, Blautia, Alistipes, Roseburia, Agathobaculum, Dorea, and Pseudoflavonifractor were reduced in the ascending colon of post-SVR LC patients.ConclusionIn patients of HCV post-SVR, we identified the association between the degree of liver fibrosis and dysbiosis of mucosa-associated SCFA-producing bacterial genera that may be related to intestinal barrier and bile acid production in the ascending colon

高エネルギ-陽子入射反応における中性子生成二重微分断面積の測定

第1章 序論 第2章 予備実験 第3章 中性子生成二重微分断面積測定 第4章 データ解析 第5章 実験結果及び考察 第6章 結論及びこれからの課題Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-10T07:05:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 nakamoto1.pdf: 11571021 bytes, checksum: 273ab974a0efad097a5a6a5377248687 (MD5) nakamoto2.pdf: 11085993 bytes, checksum: f80baa657fff0242a76a1d64dcf0b5f7 (MD5) nakamoto3.pdf: 9317674 bytes, checksum: 0b6cd6f6935a8aa1d9a3dba184769e5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996-03-27主1-参1工学_エネルギー量子_応用原子

Field Quality and Mechanical Analysis of the Beam Separation Dipole for HL-LHC Upgrade

High luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) project has been launched to attain a ten times higher integrated luminosity than the current LHC that has been in operation for over ten years. For this goal, the quadruple and dipole magnets around two interaction points, the ATLAS and the CMS, will be upgraded. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) is in charge of developing the new superconducting beam separation dipole magnet (D1). The main dipole field of 5.6 T in a large aperture of 150 mm is generated using a cos-theta coil wound with Nb-Ti cables at nominal operating current of 12.0 kA at 1.9 K corresponding to 75% of the load line ratio. The main challenges for the D1 are larger aperture, a high level of iron saturation, radiation resistance, and tight constraints on field quality. This article summarizes the results of a detailed analysis on field error. Electromagnetic simulation with ROXIE was carried out for the 2-D model of the new D1. As possible design changes, a diameter and position of heat exchanger holes in the iron yoke, and shape of the cryostat were considered. To reveal the influence on systematic error, packing factor of iron yoke, relative permeability of the stainless steel collar, and coil deformation during yoking were reflected to the baseline design. In addition, random geometric error was also estimated. Based on these results, contribution of each factor to field quality is studied