Isolation of Nucleic Acids from Different Biological Objects with Silica—Magnetite Nanoparticles

Now, modified magnetic particles are widely used in different biological and medical applications (enzyme and protein immobilization, cells separation and purification, MRI, targeted drug delivery, etc.). The aim of the present study is to reveal the ability of synthesized silica-modified magnetic particles to isolate DNA from the biological tissues in comparison with common method used the non-magnetic particles. Magnetite (Fe3O4) particles are prepared via co-precipitation of Fe+2 and Fe+3 with NH4OH in aqueous solution. Silica—magnetite nanocomposites are prepared via tetraethoxysilane hydrolyzation in alcohol—water—ammonia mixture. The average core size of synthesized magnetic nanoparticles is about 15 nm (according to the TEM data). Application of these compounds for DNA isolation from different biological objects showed significant time-savings, overall higher yields, lower RNA contamination and better polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification compared to commercial available silica non-magnetic particles (Promega). High efficiency of nucleic-acid purification by silica—magnetite particles is confirmed in molecular assays with reverse transcriptase—polymerase chain reaction (RT—PCR) assays of RNA- and DNA-virus diseases of plants, avian, cattle and estimation of bacterial spectrum in dairy products (probiotics).Модифіковані магнетні частинки зараз широко використовуються для різних біологічних та медичних застосувань (іммобілізація ензимів та білків, виділення та очищення клітин, ЯМР, направлена доставка ліків та ін.). Метою цього дослідження було показати здатність синтезованих магнетних частинок, модифікованих кремнеземом, виділяти ДНК з різних біологічних тканин у порівнянні із стандартною методою з використанням немагнетних частинок. Магнетитові (Fe3O4) частинки було одержано шляхом співосадження Fe+2 та Fe+3 за допомогою NH4OH у воднім розчині. Силікамагнетитові нанокомпозити були одержані шляхом гідролізації тетраетоксисилана у спирто-водяно-амонійній суміші. Середній розмір ядра синтезованих магнетних наночастинок був біля 15 нм (за даними просвітлювальної електронної мікроскопії). Застосування цих сполук для виділення ДНК зрізних біологічних тканин виявило значне заощадження часу, загальний більш високий вихід ДНК, більш низьку кількість домішок РНК та кращу ампліфікацію полімеразної ланцюгової реакції (ПЛР) у порівнянні з традиційними силіційовими немагнетними частинками (Promega). Високу ефективність очищення нуклеїнових кислот за допомогою силіка-магнетитових частинок було підтверджено в молекулярно-біологічних тестах, що були виконані на основі зворотньої транскрипції з подальшою полімеразною ланцюговою реакцією (ЗТ—ПЛР) щодо виявлення РНК та ДНК вірусних захворювань рослин, птахів, сільськогосподарських тварин та оцінки якости молочних продуктів (пробіотиків).Модифицированные магнитные частицы сейчас широко используются в различных биологических и медицинских приложениях (иммобилизация энзимов и белков, выделение и очистка клеток, ЯМР, направленная доставка лекарств и т.д.). Целью настоящего исследования было показать способность синтезированных магнитных частиц, модифицированных кремнеземом, выделять ДНК из различных биологических тканей по сравнению со стандартным методом с использованием немагнитных частиц. Магнетитовые (Fe3O4) частицы были получены путем соосаждения Fe+2 и Fe+3 с помощью NH4OH в водном растворе. Кремний-магнетитовые нанокомпозиты были приготовлены путем гидролизации тетраетоксисилана в спирто-водно-аммониевой смеси. Средний размер ядра синтезированных магнитных наночастиц был около 15 нм (по данным просвечивающей электронной микроскопии). Применение этих соединений для выделения ДНК из различных биологических тканей выявило значительную экономию времени, общий более высокий выход ДНК, более низкое количество примесей РНК и лучшую амплификацию полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) по сравнению с коммерчески доступными кремниевыми немагнитными частицами (Promega). Высокая эффективность очистки нуклеиновых кислот с помощью кремний-магнетитовых частиц была подтверждена в молекулярно-биологических тестах, выполняемых на основе обратной транскрипции с последующей полимеразной цепной реакцией (ОТ—ПЦР) по выявлению РНК и ДНК вирусных заболеваний растений, птиц, сельскохозяйственных животных и оценке качества молочных продуктов (пробиотиков)

The effect of a small helium addition on the plasma-surface interaction in QSPA

The synergistic effects of tungsten exposure to combined hydrogen and helium particle fluxes as well as transient thermal loads need to be extensively studied for implementation of fusion reactor project. The mixture of hydrogen and helium was used as the working gas for plasma stream generation within the QSPA-M accelerator. The parameters of the mixed hydrogen and helium plasma were similar to those of pure hydrogen plasma generated in QSPA-M. It was shown that the small addition of helium (5%) to hydrogen does not strongly influence plasma surface interaction. The influence of the external magnetic field on plasma surface interaction is also discussed.Для реалізації проекту термоядерного реактора необхідно детально вивчити синергетичні ефекти впливу на вольфрам комбінованих потоків частинок водню і гелію, а також перехідних теплових навантажень. Суміш водню та гелію використовувалася в якості робочого газу для генерації плазмових потоків в установці КСПП-M. Параметри воднево-гелієвої плазми в КСПП-M були подібні до параметрів чисто водневої плазми. Показано, що невелике додавання гелію (5%) до водню не має сильного впливу на взаємодію плазми з поверхнею. Обговорено також вплив зовнішнього магнітного поля на взаємодію плазми з поверхнями

NEWS TEXT: GENRE TRANSFORMATION

The article considers a news text as a secondary type of text where news content undergoes modifications as a result of humorous interpretation. New trends in media coverage, which lead to a change in its format and linguistic content, are analyzed. The creation of a secondary news text / genre is shown as performed through transforming the main (primary) news text. The secondary media text belongs to the comic picture of the world, the modeling of which becomes possible due to various means of the comic which fulfill social-critical, aesthetic and entertainment functions. The empirical material of the study comprises 530 news texts telecast at the beginning of the program "Evening Urgant" on Channel One in 2017-2020. The identified mechanism of news transformation includes the use of irony, sarcasm, comic exaggeration and understatement, references to precedent phenomena, the techniques of allegory, comic dissonance and comic surprise, comic exposure, etc. The analysis of the news transformation mechanism revealed a reduction in the primary news component with a simultaneous "build-up" of a pragmatic component through the use of various means and techniques of the comic. This leads to the construction of a secondary news text, which, in turn, is characterized by a recombined semantic content and subjective interpretation of the primary news piece

TRANSFORMATION OF COMMUNICATIVE AND EMOTIONAL VALUES IN RUSSIAN LINGUOCULTURE

Values are generally accepted guidelines that are important for the formation, development and existence of both the individual and society. In his communicative practice, a person relies on universal and culturally-based values, which, in turn, are subject to evolution or degradation at various stages of social development. The authors of the article, guided by the idea of the flexibility and variability of values in certain historical epochs, attempt to demonstrate that at present, due to social and cultural processes, communicative and emotional values in Russian linguistic culture undergo certain change, which transforms the existing system of values. The researchers' attention is focused on such communicative values as truth and modesty, which seem to be unconditional and absolute moral and ethical guidelines for representatives of Russian linguistic culture. The analyzed material from the National Corpus of the Russian language, Internet forums and examples from live conversation show that in the modern Russian-speaking consciousness, truthful and modest communicative behavior is interpreted and evaluated a little differently than before. Similar to communicative values, the value of emotions is also subject to transformation. As an example of the inversion of the linguocultural value of emotions, we consider the emotion of anger, which is among the universal human emotions. The analysis of modern feature films allows us to conclude that anger and other destructive emotions of the protagonist can be recognized as a constructive force that changes the world for the better, and its positive assessment leads to such behavior being socially approved in real life

“CAUCASIAN MOUNTAIN MAN / SCOTTISH HIGHLANDER”: CORRELATION BETWEEN SEMANTICS AND CULTURE

The research focuses on Russian and English concepts ‘Caucasian mountain man' and ‘Scottish Highlander'; The comparative-contrastive analysis of the vocabulary definitions of the concepts under consideration is conducted, which makes it possible to build the lexical-semantic fields of both lexical items in Russian and English. This stage of research helps to turn to the linguistic-cultural fields of these concepts construction. All collected data are systematized in schemes reflecting the linguocultural differences and common areas

Categoricalness in scientific discourse

The article views categoricalness as a communicative category functioning in the scientific discourse and adversely affecting the process of scientific communication. The results of the discourse and contextual analysis of categoricalness revealed its correlation with the communicative categories of politeness, authoritativeness, confidence, subjectivity, and emotionality. The analysis of the texts of scientific reviews, oral discussions, and disputes allowed the authors to conclude that Russian scientific communication is characterized by a high level of categoricalness, which suggests potential conflictogenity in such type of interaction. The article discusses ways of neutralizing categoricalness through the use of several mitigation tools, including lexico-stylistic and syntactical ones, intended to eliminate the destructive component from scientific communication. © Siberian Federal University. All rights reserve

Communicative practices of territory promotion as a resource for sustainable development of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation

Sustainable development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, increasing their investment attractiveness is due to the need to form a modern infrastructure, innovative transformations in the economy and social sphere, as well as the implementation of effective investment projects and their information and communication promotion. Strategic goals of sustainable development of territories at all levels, improving the quality of life of the population at the moment actualized the need for a comprehensive analysis of a specific subject of the Russian Federation. Thus, the research carried out by the authors of the article made it possible to identify vectors for creating an open communication environment for positioning the Voronezh Region as a territory with sustainable development; to analyze successful communication practices in which a special place is given to issues of increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, that is, creating economic and social changes that contribute to the inflow of investments, strengthening the scientific and technical potential of the territory, creating a modern comfortable environment for residents. The article states. that investment projects should be calculated as points of growth, and the analysis of the investment attractiveness of the region implies a comprehensive study based on the establishment of quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the region, as well as a reasoned assessment of not only the current state of the subject of the Russian Federation, but also the prospects for its development