572 research outputs found
Cloning a real d-dimensional quantum state on the edge of the no-signaling condition
We investigate a new class of quantum cloning machines that equally duplicate
all real states in a Hilbert space of arbitrary dimension. By using the
no-signaling condition, namely that cloning cannot make superluminal
communication possible, we derive an upper bound on the fidelity of this class
of quantum cloning machines. Then, for each dimension d, we construct an
optimal symmetric cloner whose fidelity saturates this bound. Similar
calculations can also be performed in order to recover the fidelity of the
optimal universal cloner in d dimensions.Comment: 6 pages RevTex, 1 encapuslated Postscript figur
Quantum Cloning of Mixed States in Symmetric Subspace
Quantum cloning machine for arbitrary mixed states in symmetric subspace is
proposed. This quantum cloning machine can be used to copy part of the output
state of another quantum cloning machine and is useful in quantum computation
and quantum information. The shrinking factor of this quantum cloning achieves
the well-known upper bound. When the input is identical pure states, two
different fidelities of this cloning machine are optimal.Comment: Revtex, 4 page
Reversibility of continuous-variable quantum cloning
We analyze a reversibility of optimal Gaussian quantum cloning of a
coherent state using only local operations on the clones and classical
communication between them and propose a feasible experimental test of this
feature. Performing Bell-type homodyne measurement on one clone and anti-clone,
an arbitrary unknown input state (not only a coherent state) can be restored in
the other clone by applying appropriate local unitary displacement operation.
We generalize this concept to a partial LOCC reversal of the cloning and we
show that this procedure converts the symmetric cloner to an asymmetric cloner.
Further, we discuss a distributed LOCC reversal in optimal Gaussian
cloning of coherent states which transforms it to optimal cloning for
. Assuming the quantum cloning as a possible eavesdropping attack on
quantum communication link, the reversibility can be utilized to improve the
security of the link even after the attack.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
Asymmetric quantum telecloning of d-level systems and broadcasting of entanglement to different locations using the "many-to-many" communication protocol
We propose a generalization of quantum teleportation: the so-called
many-to-many quantum communication of the information of a d-level system from
N spatially separated senders to M>N receivers situated at different locations.
We extend the concept of asymmetric telecloning from qubits to d-dimensional
systems. We investigate the broadcasting of entanglement by using local 1->2
optimal universal asymmetric Pauli machines and show that the maximal
fidelities of the two final entangled states are obtained when symmetric
machines are applied. Cloning of entanglement is studied using a nonlocal
optimal universal asymmetric cloning machine and we show that the symmetric
machine optimally copies the entanglement. The "many-to-many" teleportation
scheme is applied in order to distribute entanglement shared between two
observers to two pairs of spatially separated observers.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur
Cloning of spin-coherent states
We consider optimal cloning of the spin coherent states in Hilbert spaces of
different dimensionality d. We give explicit form of optimal cloning
transformation for spin coherent states in the three-dimensional space,
analytical results for the fidelity of the optimal cloning in d=3 and d=4 as
well as numerical results for higher dimensions. In the low-dimensional case we
construct the corresponding completely positive maps and exhibit their
structure with the help of Jamiolkowski isomorphism. This allows us to
formulate some conjectures about the form of optimal coherent cloning CP maps
in arbitrary dimension.Comment: LateX, 9 pages, 1 figur
Optimal estimation of multiple phases
We study the issue of simultaneous estimation of several phase shifts induced
by commuting operators on a quantum state. We derive the optimal positive
operator-valued measure corresponding to the multiple-phase estimation. In
particular, we discuss the explicit case of the optimal detection of double
phase for a system of identical qutrits and generalise these results to optimal
multiple phase detection for d-dimensional quantum states.Comment: 6 page
H2O2 Enables Convenient Removal of RAFT End-Groups from Block Copolymer Nano-Objects Prepared via Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly in Water
RAFT-synthesized polymers are typically colored and malodorous due to the presence of the sulfur-based RAFT
end-group(s). In principle, RAFT end-groups can be removed by treating molecularly dissolved copolymer chains with excess
free radical initiators, amines, or oxidants. Herein we report a convenient method for the removal of RAFT end-groups from
aqueous dispersions of diblock copolymer nano-objects using H2O2. This oxidant is relatively cheap, has minimal impact on the
copolymer morphology, and produces benign side products that can be readily removed via dialysis. We investigate the efficiency
of end-group removal for various diblock copolymer nano-objects prepared with either dithiobenzoate- or trithiocarbonate-based
RAFT chain transfer agents. The advantage of using UV GPC rather than UV spectroscopy is demonstrated for assessing both
the kinetics and extent of end-group removal
Positive Maps Which Are Not Completely Positive
The concept of the {\em half density matrix} is proposed. It unifies the
quantum states which are described by density matrices and physical processes
which are described by completely positive maps. With the help of the
half-density-matrix representation of Hermitian linear map, we show that every
positive map which is not completely positive is a {\em difference} of two
completely positive maps. A necessary and sufficient condition for a positive
map which is not completely positive is also presented, which is illustrated by
some examples.Comment: 4pages,The Institute of Theoretical Physics, Academia Sinica, Beijing
100080, P.R. Chin
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Electronic properties of LaO1-xFxFeAs in the normal state probed by nmr/nqr
We report 139La, 57Fe and 75As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on powders of the new LaO1âxFxFeAs superconductor for x=0 and 0.1 at temperatures up to 480âK, and compare our measured NQR spectra with local density approximation (LDA) calculations. For all three nuclei in the x=0.1 material, it is found that the local Knight shift increases monotonically with an increase in temperature, and scales with the macroscopic susceptibility, suggesting a single magnetic degree of freedom. Surprisingly, the spin lattice relaxation rates for all nuclei also scale with one another, despite the fact that the form factors for each site sample different regions of q-space. This result suggests a lack of any q-space structure in the dynamical spin susceptibility that might be expected in the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations. Rather, our results are more compatible with simple quasi-particle scattering. Furthermore, we find that the increase in the electric field gradient at the As cannot be accounted for by LDA calculations, suggesting that structural changes, in particular the position of the As in the unit cell, dominate the NQR response
Scheme for the implementation of a universal quantum cloning machine via cavity-assisted atomic collisions in cavity QED
We propose a scheme to implement the universal quantum cloning
machine of Buzek et.al [Phys. Rev.A 54, 1844(1996)] in the context of cavity
QED. The scheme requires cavity-assisted collision processes between atoms,
which cross through nonresonant cavity fields in the vacuum states. The cavity
fields are only virtually excited to face the decoherence problem. That's why
the requirements on the cavity quality factor can be loosened.Comment: to appear in PR
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