Karyotype Analysis Using C- And Nor-banding In Ramie [boehmeria Nivea (l.) Gaud.]

Acetic orcein as well as C- and NOR-banding (silver staining) techniques were applied to the mitotic chromosomes of ramie Boehmeria nivea var. nivea (L.) Gaudisch cv. Miyasaki for chromosome characterization. C-banding was also applied in pachytene and diakinesis meiotic phases for heterochromatin localization. The species showed a predominance of submetacentric chromosomes as observed in karyotype formula: 1m + 12sm + 1sms , as well as a moderate karyotype asymmetry as revealed by the Stebbins criteria and Romero-Zarco and Paszko indices. C-bands were preferentially localized in the chromosome short arms of the mitotic chromosomes. Large blocks of pericentromeric heterochromatin C-bands were seen at pachytene meiotic phase, while at diakinesis phase, C-bands were located on the chromosome ends as well as nearby or on the chiasmata. The interphase nuclei of mitotic cells were classified as prochromosome type, which is the same as S2 type. 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