Interchannel coupling effects in the spin polarization of energetic photoelectrons

Effects of the interchannel coupling on the spin polarization of energetic photoelectrons emitted from atomic Ne valence subshells are examined. Like previously obtained results for cross sections and angular distributions, the photoelectron spin polarization parameters too are found considerably influenced by the coupling. The result completes a series of studies to finally conclude that the independent particle description is inadequate for the {\em entire} range of photoionization dynamics over the {\em full} spectral energy domainComment: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev.

Surface aerators: power number, mass transfer coefficient, gas hold up profiles and flow patterns

Mass transfer coefficient (kLa) and Power Number (NP) have been measured in three flat-bottomed cylindrical acrylic tanks of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m diameter. Three different impeller designs were employed [viz. pitched blade upflow turbine (PBTU), pitched blade downflow turbine (PBTD) and disc turbine (DT)]. Measurements have been made at two submergence levels of 0.23D and 0.3D. The power consumption per unit volume (P/V) was varied in the range of 10-250 W m-3 which is normally employed in surface aeration applications. It is observed that at given submergence the power number is independent of the off bottom clearance and the power number changes with submergence. In case of PBTD and DT the dependence is higher as compared to PBTU. It has also been observed that the gas hold-up distribution significantly changes with the impeller design, submergence and the rotation speed. Gamma ray attenuation technique has been employed for the measurement of gas hold-up distribution for all the three impellers and its influence on the power number behaviour has also been discussed. In addition, the axial velocity measurements have been carried out for all the three types of impellers under surface aeration conditions for 0.5 m diameter tank with Ultrasound Doppler velocimeter. The validation of the measurement technique has also been done with the help of Laser Doppler Anemometer (LDA) measurements as well as with the CFD code. The velocity profile depends on the inherent gas hold-up in the impeller region, which in turn is governed by the impeller design, submergence and rotational speed. An attempt has also been made to shed some light on the interdependence of mass transfer coefficient, power number, gas hold-up and flow pattern. Finally the correlations have been proposed for the estimation of power number and mass transfer coefficient independently for each type of impeller, which are expected to be useful to practicing engineers

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Not AvailableFruit maturity and associated changes in terms of physicochemical and sensorial qualities of Khasi mandarin (Citrus reticulat Blanco) grown at different altitudes, viz. 500-600 m, 700-800 m, 900-1 000 m and 1 300-1 400 m were studied under humid tropical climate of Meghalaya. Rapid increase in fruit growth was recorded from fruit development to colour break stage, however it was slow thereafter at all the altitudes. At 500-600m and 700-800m, juice yield was recorded highest at fruit maturity stage (46.64% and 49.11%) while, it was highest in advanced fruit maturity stage (50.90% and 51.15%) at 900-1 000 m and 1 300-1 400 m. Diurnal variation in climate stimulated drop in chlorophyll (‘a’, ‘b’ and total) and promoted development of yellowish orange colouration on fruit peel at altitude of 500-600 m and 700-800 m while deep orange colouration at 900-1 000 m and 1 300-1 400 m. Significant rise in TSS and TSS: acid ratio with drop in titratable acidity were recorded during maturation. Ascorbic acid content was recorded maximum at 1 300-1 400 m (44.13 mg/100 g) and 900-1 000 m (41.05 mg/100 g) compared with 700-800 m (37.56 mg/100 g) and 500-600 m (35.66 mg/100 g) at advanced maturity stage. Duration of 1 and 1 ½ month (fruit development to colour break stage) represents maturation at 500-600 m and 700-800 m considering TSS (10.23 °B and 10.13 °B), TSS: acid ratio (13.22 and 12.60), sweetness (3.93 and 3.67), flavour (8.00 and 7.93) and appearance (8.07 and 7.87) score. While duration of 2 and 2 ½ months (fruit development to fruit maturity stage) required at 900-1 000 m and 1 300-1 400 m considering TSS (10.07 °B and 10.16 °B), TSS: acid ratio (12.40 and 12.02), sweetness (4.07 and 3.93), flavour (7.87 and 7.93) and appearance (7.93 and 8.00) score.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe physico-mechanical properties of Prunus nepalensis fruit and seed were determined at moisture content of 88.50 and 15.62%, respectively. Image processing technique was also used to measure major dimensions and data was compared and correlated with experimental data. Significant correlation was observed between length and width of fruit and seed measured by experimental and image processing technique. The true density, bulk density and porosity of fruit were measured as 1077.41; 598.08 kg m-3; and 43.42%, respectively whereas, for seed these values were observed to be 1178.84; 508.80 kg m-3; and 57.94%. The angle of repose of fruit and seed was found to be 26.43 and 22.13°, respectively. Frictional coefficient was found lower in aluminium sheet than other surfaces. The obtained properties can be helpful for designing of processing equipment for this fruit.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableIntroduction – Antidesma bunius L. Spreng is an important dietary and medicinal component edible fruit trees of the eastern Himalayas, India. However, the non-availability of quality planting materials and little information on biochemical and antioxidant properties of this species hinder its commercialisa- tion. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the biochemical and antioxidant properties of the fruits, and to find out a propagation technique for rapid multiplication and conservation of the fruit tree. Materials and methods – Ripened fruits were used for carrying out morphological, biochemical and an- tioxidant analysis. One-year-old healthy shoots were used to study the response of stem cuttings to differ- ent concentrations of Indole butyric acid (0, 1,000, 2,000 and 3,000 ppm). Results – Maximum fruit weight (198.05 ± 0.14 mg), fruit yield (37.82 ± 4.91 kg tree-1), total soluble solid (13.63 ± 0.53 ºBrix), to- tal sugar (13.51 ± 0.14%), crude fibre (6.64 ± 0.07%), anthocyanin (421.76 mg C3GE 100 g-1), total flavo- noid (3.76 mg QE 100 g-1), total phenolic content (140.17 mg GAE 100 g-1) and FRAP (10.34 ± 0.16 mg AAE g-1) were recorded in genotype Umpowin. While titratable acidity (1.44 ± 0.01%), vitamin C (28.28 mg 100 g-1) and total ash (13.11 ± 0.33%) was highest in genotype Liarkhla. Stem cutting had maxi- mum response at IBA 3,000 ppm which reduced the days to sprouting by 22.3% but increased the number of primary roots, root length, fresh weight roots and plant survival (78%). Conclusion – Fruits showed high biochemical and antioxidant properties which can be incorporated in dietary and as alternative sources of edible colour. Stem cutting using IBA 3,000 ppm can help in rapid multiplication and conservation of this fruit tree species.Not Availabl

Influence of CuO nanoparticles and graphene nanoplatelets on the sensing behaviour of poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposites for the detection of ethanol and propanol vapors

Poly(vinyl alcohol)/copper oxide/graphene nanoplatelets (PVA/CuO/Gr-NPls) nanocomposite based chemiresistive alcohol sensors were fabricated using colloidal blending method. The PVA/CuO/Gr-NPls nanocomposite films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV�Vis spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and the sensing behaviour of PVA/CuO/Gr-NPls nanocomposite films was evaluated for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The improvement in the thermal, mechanical and VOCs sensing properties of nanocomposite film was observed attributing to the homogeneity of the nanocomposites and strong interfacial interaction between Gr-NPls, CuO and PVA matrix. The sensors were analyzed in the concentration range from 1800 to 4000�ppm. It was observed that PVA/CuO/Gr-NPls nanocomposite film exhibited excellent propanol sensing at a room temperature, typically at an applied voltage of 10�V when compared with other VOCs. Thus, the strong interaction between CuO and Gr-NPls helps in achieving excellent reinforcement effect in a PVA matrix for fabrication of high performance nanocomposite films for VOC�s sensing applications. - 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.Scopu

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Not AvailableA field trial was conducted at Experimental farm of the Division of Horticulture, ICAR Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, India during 2011-12 to study the effect of leaf and fruit thinning treatments like, T0 (Control), T1 (20: 1 LFR), T2(30: 1 LFR), T3(40: 1 LFR) and T4 (50: 1 LFR) on yield and quality of peach cv. Flordasun. The best quality fruit with respect to fruit size (45.21 x 44.76mm), weight (45.78g), TSS (13.160Brix), acidity (0.65%), total sugar (6.21%), ascorbic acid (52.61mg/100 g), total anthocyanins (4.69mg), total carotenoids (10.72mg), total minerals (1.42%) and total phenols (150.19mg) were obtained with a leaf to fruit ratio (LFR) of 30:1. However, all the treatments significantly reduced total yield except control. In order to obtain the quality fruits of peach cv. Flordasun, thinning of leaf and fruit in the ratio of 30:1 is recommended for peach growers of North eastern region.Not Availabl