Determination of the efficiency of wax deposition prevention methods

Nozhovka group of oil fields is located in the south of Perm region. Main factors that complicate development of the fields are as follows: low reservoir permeability and temperatures, high water cut, oil of high viscosity with high concentration of paraffins, sulfur and non hydrocarbon components. The analysis of affected wells that represent 67% of total showed that the main cause is wax deposition that leads to early breakdown of pumps, decrease of well productivity and mean time between failures and cleanings. The paper shows coverage of wells experience wax deposition by technologies that prevent it. Input of inhibitors of wax deposition to the well bottom hole is efficient method to prevent wax deposition. The results of oil and wax samples study from Nozhovka fields group showed oil was heavy and highly-viscous. Wax deposition belongs to asphaltene type. The evaluation of inhibitors efficiency was carried with use of statistic criteria of decision. Based on the analysis results SNPH type of mixtures was efficient inhibitors of wax deposition on the fields of Nozhovka group. The disadvantage of used technology is that there is no universal inhibitor of wax deposition for the oil from Nozhovka group of fields, high specific consumption of inhibitors and continuously changing properties of the producing liquid that require continuous tuning of used inhibitors. In order to decrease the consumption for inhibitor protection from wax deposition it is expedient to select new inhibition compositions with demulsifiying properties and field test of unconventional technologies through injection into well bottom hole and borehole

Intermediate Fusion Approach for Pneumonia Classification on Imbalanced Multimodal Data

In medical practice, the primary diagnosis of diseases should be carried out quickly and, if possible, automatically. The processing of multimodal data in medicine has become a ubiquitous technique in the classification, prediction and detection of diseases. Pneumonia is one of the most common lung diseases. In our study, we used chest X-ray images as the first modality and the results of laboratory studies on a patient as the second modality to detect pneumonia. The architecture of the multimodal deep learning model was based on intermediate fusion. The model was trained on balanced and imbalanced data when the presence of pneumonia was determined in 50% and 9% of the total number of cases, respectively. For a more objective evaluation of the results, we compared our model performance with several other open-source models on our data. The experiments demonstrate the high performance of the proposed model for pneumonia detection based on two modalities even in cases of imbalanced classes (up to 96.6%) compared to single-modality models’ results (up to 93.5%). We made several integral estimates of the performance of the proposed model to cover and investigate all aspects of multimodal data and architecture features. There were accuracy, ROC AUC, PR AUC, F1 score, and the Matthews correlation coefficient metrics. Using various metrics, we proved the possibility and meaningfulness of the usage of the proposed model, aiming to properly classify the disease. Experiments showed that the performance of the model trained on imbalanced data was even slightly higher than other models considered.In medical practice, the primary diagnosis of diseases should be carried out quickly and, if possible, automatically. The processing of multimodal data in medicine has become a ubiquitous technique in the classification, prediction and detection of diseases. Pneumonia is one of the most common lung diseases. In our study, we used chest X-ray images as the first modality and the results of laboratory studies on a patient as the second modality to detect pneumonia. The architecture of the multimodal deep learning model was based on intermediate fusion. The model was trained on balanced and imbalanced data when the presence of pneumonia was determined in 50% and 9% of the total number of cases, respectively. For a more objective evaluation of the results, we compared our model performance with several other open-source models on our data. The experiments demonstrate the high performance of the proposed model for pneumonia detection based on two modalities even in cases of imbalanced classes (up to 96.6%) compared to single-modality models’ results (up to 93.5%). We made several integral estimates of the performance of the proposed model to cover and investigate all aspects of multimodal data and architecture features. There were accuracy, ROC AUC, PR AUC, F1 score, and the Matthews correlation coefficient metrics. Using various metrics, we proved the possibility and meaningfulness of the usage of the proposed model, aiming to properly classify the disease. Experiments showed that the performance of the model trained on imbalanced data was even slightly higher than other models considered

Scientific justification of the perforation methods for Famennian deposits in the southeast of the Perm Region based on geomechanical modelling

The article presents the results of analysing geological structure of the Famennian deposits (Devonian) in the Perm Region. Numerical modelling of the distribution of inhomogeneous stress field near the well was performed for the two considered types of perforation. With regard for the geometry of the forming perforation channels, numerical finite element models of near-wellbore zones were created considering slotted and cumulative perforation. It is ascertained that in the course of slotted perforation, conditions are created for a significant restoration of effective stresses and, as a result, restoration of reservoir rock permeability. Stress recovery area lies near the well within a radius equal to the length of the slots, and depends on the drawdown, with its increase, the area decreases. From the assessment of failure areas, it was found that in case of slotted perforation, the reservoir in near-wellbore zone remains stable, and failure zones can appear only at drawdowns of 10 MPa and more. The opposite situation was recorded for cumulative perforation; failure zones near the holes appear even at a drawdown of 2 MPa. In general, the analysis of results of numerical simulation of the stress state for two simulated types of perforation suggests that slotted perforation is more efficient than cumulative perforation. At the same time, the final conclusion could be drawn after determining the patterns of changes in permeability of the considered rocks under the influence of changing effective stresses and performing calculations of well flow rates after making the considered types of perforation channels

MORPHOFUNCTIONAL PECULIARITIES OF MUCOSAL IMMUNITY DEPENDING ON METHODS OF OPPORTUNISTIC MICROBIAL INTRODUCTION

Immunophenotypic and morphological peculiarities of immune reactions under intranasal, peroral and subcutaneous introduction of multicomponent vaccine Immunovac VP-4 containing a group of opportunistic bacterial antigens were investigated. The investigated preparation was found to cause marked activation of congenital immunity effectors both in parenteral and mucosal immunization. It is manifested in the expression of differential, costimulatory, adhesive molecules on the surface of mononuclear leukocytes in proliferation of key mucosal immunity effectors (γδТ, В1, NK cells), and changes in structure, cellular composition of immunocompetent organs both regional and distant as to the site of introduction. Currently existing data on effects and mechanisms of vaccine and immunomodulator mucosal introduction allows considering the development of mucosal mono- and associated vaccines as the priority direction in modern vaccinology

ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ФУНКЦИЙ ВНЕШНЕГО ДЫХАНИЯ У ПОСЛЕОПЕРАЦИОННЫХ ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ БИОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ, ОРГАНИЗОВАННОГО ПО КОНЦЕНТРАЦИИ УГЛЕКИСЛОГО ГАЗА В ВЫДЫХАЕМОМ ВОЗДУХЕ И ЧАСТОТЕ ДЫХАНИЯ

The methodical, technical and software realization of the biofeedback of expiration parameters are described. The biofeedback training method based on the breath frequency and CO2  concentration regulation is proposed. Preliminary study was conducted in the group of patients after abdominal surgical. It has been shown that the patients master their skills of CO2  concentration self-regulation. Using biofeedback for the postsurgical rehabilitation facilitates the rapid recovery of the expiration parameters.В статье рассматриваются методические, технические и программные аспекты адаптивного биоуправления, организованного по параметрам внешнего дыхания. Предложена методика БОС-тренинга, основанная на регуляции частоты дыхания и содержания углекислого газа в выдыхаемом воздухе. Проведены предварительные исследования в группе пациентов после абдоминальной хирургической операции. Показано, что пациенты осваивают навыки произвольной регуляции содержания углекислого газа в выдыхаемом воздухе. Был сделал вывод о том, что применение БОС-тренинга в послеоперационном периоде способствует быстрому восстановлению параметров внешнего дыхания

CK2 Inhibition and Antitumor Activity of 4,7-Dihydro-6-nitroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines

Today, cancer is one of the most widespread and dangerous human diseases with a high mortality rate. Nevertheless, the search and application of new low-toxic and effective drugs, combined with the timely diagnosis of diseases, makes it possible to cure most types of tumors at an early stage. In this work, the range of new polysubstituted 4,7-dihydro-6-nitroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines was extended. The structure of all the obtained compounds was confirmed by the data of 1H, 13C NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. These compounds were evaluated against human recombinant CK2 using the ADP-GloTM assay. In addition, the IC50 parameters were calculated based on the results of the MTT test against glioblastoma (A-172), embryonic rhabdomyosarcoma (Rd), osteosarcoma (Hos), and human embryonic kidney (Hek-293) cells. Compounds 5f, 5h, and 5k showed a CK2 inhibitory activity close to the reference molecule (staurosporine). The most potential compound in the MTT test was 5m with an IC50 from 13 to 27 µM. Thus, our results demonstrate that 4,7-dihydro-6-nitroazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines are promising for further investigation of their antitumor properties. © 2022 by the authors.Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, Minobrnauka: FEUZ-2020–0058, H687.42B.223/20This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, State Contract № FEUZ-2020–0058 (H687.42B.223/20)

New heterocyclic compounds of the azolopyrimidine series with pronounced antitumor activity

The purpose of the study was to study the effect of new azolopyrimidine compounds on the viability of cultured tumor cells and to identify promising compounds for the development of new antitumor drugs.Цель исследования – изучение влияния новых азолопиримидиновых соединений на жизнеспособность культивируемых опухолевых клеток и выявление перспективных соединений для разработки новых противоопухолевых препаратов

Effect of new cycloplatinated complexes on the viability of cultured human glioblastoma and osteosarcoma cells

The article presents the results of studies conducted on cell cultures of glioblastoma and osteosarcoma (lines A-172 and HOS). The effect of new platinum compounds on the viability of cultured cells was studied. As a result, a visible cytotoxic effect was observed.В статье представлены результаты исследований, которые были проведены на клеточных культурах глиобластомы и остеосаркомы (линии А-172 и HOS). Исследовалось влияние новых соединений платины на жизнеспособность культивируемых клеток. В результате был отмечен видимый цитотоксический эффек

Development of the method of receiving culture of cells of adenokartsinoma from the metastasis of the breast cancer. Development of model for carrying out laboratory researches for optimization of medical algorithm for maintaining patients

In work the algorithm of receiving culture of cages of a metastasis of a breast cancer for its use as model for carrying out the clinical and safe laboratory researches directed on optimization of medical algorithm for maintaining patients with metastatic damage of a spine column is presented. The received results testify that klonogenny and proliferative activity, and also morphology of the cellular lines allocated from different clones of one tumor differs that allows to assume various induced immunogenicity. The developed algorithm can be used for receiving cellular cultures from tumoral fabrics for creation of an antineoplastic vaccine, researches of an additional expression of genes on the transformed cages, increase of efficiency of the personified therapy for patients of an oncologi profile.В работе представлен алгоритм получения культуры клеток метастаза рака молочной железы для использования ее в качестве модели для проведения клинически-безопасных лабораторных исследований, направленных на оптимизацию лечебного алгоритма для ведения пациентов с метастатическим поражением позвоночного столба. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют, что клоногенная и пролиферативная активность, а также морфология клеточных линий, выделенных из разных клонов одной опухоли отличается, что позволяет предположить различную индуцируемую иммуногенность. Разработанный алгоритм может быть использован для получения клеточных культур из опухолевых тканей для создания противоопухолевой вакцины, исследований добавочной экспрессии генов на трансформированные клетки, повышения эффективности персонифицированной терапии для пациентов онкологического профиля