Концепция образовательного цикла, ориентированного на приоритеты и цели развития в сфере образования

The educational course had been worked out on the basic items of Model Education peculiarities as conception of lifelong learning with the gradual foreign language cover by the age-grade increase and content complication.Предложенный образовательный цикл отвечает всем требованиям модульного образования в концепции «обучения в течение всей жизни». Предполагает параллельное изучение иностранного языка с постепенным погружением в иноязычную среду по возрастным категориям и по мере усложнения курса

Population dynamics of wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) on the Taimyr Peninsula: A simulation model

A simulation model, based on original and published data, has been developed to determine the period and amplitude of natural population cycles of wild reindeer on the Taimyr Peninsula and reveal the role of hunting in these cycles. The results of simulations show that hunting in the late 20th century has smoothed out the cycles. Considering natural factors of population regulation, uncontrolled elimination of part of the population by hunting should maintain the average long-term abundance at a level lower than potentially possible under natural dynamics, leading to negative ecological and economic consequences. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

Thermal stability of a laser-clad NiCrBSi coating hardened by frictional finishing

Frictional treatment decreases surface roughness of a NiCrBSi laser coating and increases its microhardness and abrasive wear resistance. Even after softening annealing at 900 °C, the coating subjected to frictional treatment preserves its advantage in hardness and wear resistance over the original clad coating. Annealing at 1000 °C after frictional treatment ensures less effective growth of the hardness and wear resistance of the coating as compared to annealing of the undeformed coating due to the limited precipitation of large Cr23C6 carbides on the deformed surface, which form a wear-resistant framework. © 2017 Author(s).Russian Foundation for Basic Research, RFBR: 16-38-00452-mol-a01201375904108692015Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations: 01201463331Federal Agency for Scientific OrganizationsUral Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, UB RAS: 15-9-12-45The study was financially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), grant No. 16-38-00452-mol-a, by the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises (FASIE), project UMNIK No. 108692015; the work was done within the Complex Program of UB RAS, project No. 15-9-12-45, within the state order for IES UB RAS, No. 01201375904 and within the state order of The Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations (FASO Russia) on the subject “Structure”, No. 01201463331. The experimental research was done on the equipment installed at the Plastometriya Collective Use Center of IES UB RAS

On the modeling of water obstacles overcoming by Rangifer tarandus L

Seasonal migrations and herd instinct are traditionally recognized as wild reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) species-specific behavioral signs. These animals are forced to overcome water obstacles during the migrations. Behaviour peculiarities are considered as the result of the selection process, which has chosen among the sets of strategies, as the only evolutionarily stable one, determining the reproduction and biological survival of wild reindeer as a species. Natural processes in the Taimyr population wild reindeer are currently occurring against the background of an increase in the influence of negative factors due to the escalation of the industrial development of the Arctic. That is why the need to identify the ethological features of these animals completely arose. This paper presents the results of applying the classical methods of the theory of optimal control and differential games to the wild reindeer study of the migration patterns in overcoming water barriers, including major rivers. Based on these animals' ethological features and behavior forms, the herd is presented as a controlled dynamic system, which presents also two classes of individuals: the leader and the rest of the herd, for which their models, describing the trajectories of their movement, are constructed. The models are based on hypotheses, which are the mathematical formalization of some animal behavior patterns. This approach made it possible to find the trajectory of the important one using the methods of the optimal control theory, and in constructing the trajectories of other individuals, apply the principle of control with a guide. Approbation of the obtained results, which can be used in the formation of a common "platform" for the adaptive behavior models systematic construction and as a reserve for the cognitive evolution models fundamental development, is numerically carried out using a model example with observational data on the Werchnyaya Taimyra River. © 2019 Natalia V. Malygina, Platon G. Surkov

The influence of temperament and character to preserve the mental health of young athletes

The article discusses the psychodynamic features of the behavior of young athletes, which integrate in temperament and character, health saving technologies in the competitive period, and their impact on the mental health of young athletes involved in track and field all-aroundВ статье рассматриваются психодинамические особенности поведения юных спортсменов, которые интегрируют в темперамент и характер, здоровье сберегающие технологии, применяемые в соревновательный период, и их влияние на психическое здоровье юных спортсменов занимающихся легкоатлетическим многоборье

Effect of frictional treatment on the microstructure and surface properties of low-carbon steel

The microstructure of annealed low-carbon (0.17 wt% C) steel subjected to frictional treatment with a sliding hard-alloy indenter is studied by EBSD analysis, as well as its micromechanical characteristics. It has been found that frictional treatment results in high dispersity of the structure in the steel surface, down to the submicro- and nanocrystalline state. Instrumented microindentation has revealed that, under all the loads, the values of the contact elastic modulus E ∗ of low-carbon (0.17 wt% C) steel after frictional treatment are lower than those in the initial annealed state. Particularly, the mean value of E ∗ decreases from 208 to 168 GPa under a load of 1 gf on the indenter, from 213 to 176 GPa under a load of 25 gf and from 204 to 155 GPa under a load of 200 gf. It is for the first time that the effect of a decrease in the elastic modulus is observed for a carbon steel subjected to frictional treatment. It also follows from the microindentation data that frictional treatment increases the capability of the surface of annealed low-carbon (0.17 wt% C) steel to withstand higher contact loads prior to plastic deformation. © 2018 Author(s)

Increasing the resistance of a NiCrBSi coating to heat wear by means of combined laser heat treatment

Testing of NiCrBSi coatings formed by gas-powder laser cladding and combined laser heat treatment, including laser cladding and high-temperature annealing, were conducted under conditions of sliding friction on the Kh12M steel according to the pin-on-disk scheme. The combined processing resulting in the formation of large carbides and chromium borides in the coatings is shown to increase their wear resistance by a factor of 1.8 at sliding velocities of 6.1 and 9.3 m/s, when there is significant frictional heating of the friction surfaces. © 2018 Author(s)

Адаптивные изменения сезонных миграций диких северных оленей на Таймыре

As the largest in the world the Taimyr population of wild reindeer displays pronounced seasonal migrations from forest zone to tundra for fawning in spring and return motion in fall. These motions are characterized with dynamics varying from year to year. Evidences of experience suggest that migration course cannot yet be interrupted or curtailed with artificial constructions or anthropogenic disturbance. By results of long-term observations carried out by one of the authors during 20 years, migration timing and speed were related to current ambient temperature and varied from year to year. As foreseen temperature rise happens more intensively inArcticthan upon an average through the Planet and is higher overland than it is over ocean it must apparently exert influence on the pattern of reindeer migrations. We hold that this phenomenon consists with changes in migration activity for recent decades and manifests increasing all-year-round separate reindeer groups presence in tundra. Some of these groups are registered and presented on the skeleton map. In the light of current climatic trend the ecological mechanism of migrations decrease should be grounded on reindeer bioenergetics and derived from ecological function of their migrations. Energy expenditures for far movements are getting less appropriate and the proportion of total heads staying in tundra zone all-year-round will increase. Available bioenergetics parameters and the simple model let to make a prediction. In the end we propose some preventive conservation arrangements to secure the mass heads of wild reindeer staying in tundra against adverse factors, mainly pending anthropogenic.Обитающая на Таймыре популяция диких северных оленей характеризуется четко выраженными сезонными миграциями, динамика которых варьирует от года к году. На основе многолетних полевых наблюдений показана зависимость начального времени и скорости сезонных миграций от текущей приземной температуры воздуха. Рассмотрено влияние на миграции прогнозируемых климатических изменений, приводится картосхема отмечаемых изменений в миграционной активности популяции за последние десятилетия. В свете наблюдаемой тенденции обоснованы экологические причины сокращения миграций оленей с позиций биоэнергетики. Предлагаются превентивные природоохранные меры, призванные обезопасить поголовье оленей в тундровой зоне от неблагоприятных, прежде всего антропогенных факторов

Особливості явища імунодефіциту в стійкості озимої пшениці до шкідників

Decrease in a winter wheat immunity to pests owing to various mutations, which caused by application of insecticide Bi–58 (new), is established.Установлено снижение иммунитета растений озимой пшеницы к вредителям вследствие различных мутаций, вызванных использованием инсектицида Би-58 (новый).Встановлено зниження імунітету рослин озимої пшениці до шкідників внаслідок різних мутацій, викликаних використанням інсектициду Бі-58 (новий)