H2 Formation on Interstellar Grains in Different Physical Regimes

An analysis of the kinetics of H2 formation on interstellar dust grains is presented using rate equations. It is shown that semi-empirical expressions that appeared in the literature represent two different physical regimes. In particular, it is shown that the expression given by Hollenbach, Werner and Salpeter [ApJ, 163, 165 (1971)] applies when high flux, or high mobility, of H atoms on the surface of a grain, makes it very unlikely that H atoms evaporate before they meet each other and recombine. The expression of Pirronello et al.\ [ApJ, 483, L131 (1997)] -- deduced on the basis of accurate measurements on realistic dust analogue -- applies to the opposite regime (low coverage and low mobility). The implications of this analysis for the understanding of the processes dominating in the Interstellar Medium are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, MN styl

Childhood environmental health concerns in Russia

Environmental Health Centre (EHC) is one of the few Russian organisations responsible for the development of environmental epidemiology and health risk assessment methodologies in Russia. Being a WELL resource centre network partner we considered the possibilities for environmental interventions to address major causes of child mortality and morbidity and environmental health concerns in Russia. It was based on the results of the preliminary scoping studies carried out by our Centre during May – October 2002. The scoping studies themselves were based on published and unpublished literature and on consultations with key stakeholders

ВПЛИВ ЗАНЯТЬ СПОРТОМ НА ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ СЕРЦЕВО-СУДИННОЇ СИСТЕМИ ДІВЧАТ 17-21 РОКІВ ПОДІЛЬСЬКОГО РЕГІОНУ

In this article considers the effectiveness of the impact of sports on the functionality of the cardiovascular system of girls 17-21 years old living within the Podolsk region. The function of the cardiovascular system of girls was evaluated by the ability to recover after termination of work (by the parameters of heart rate). Classes cycling and playing sports (performance of muscle work of which is connected with the mixed mode of power supply) and martial arts (performance of muscular work is associated with anaerobic (lactate) mode of power supply) contribute to improvement the functional possibilities of the cardiovascular system. This is manifested by the acceleration of recovery of heart rate after metered physical loads of 1 watts and 2 watts per 1 kg of body weight. The smallest percentage of person with a slow recovery of heart rate were detected among athletes, volleyball players and representatives of complex coordination sports. These individuals are involved in the performing of physical exercise with anaerobic (alactate) processes of metabolism.In this article considers the effectiveness of the impact of sports on the functionality of the cardiovascular system of girls 17-21 years old living within the Podolsk region. The function of the cardiovascular system of girls was evaluated by the ability to recover after termination of work (by the parameters of heart rate). Classes cycling and playing sports (performance of muscle work of which is connected with the mixed mode of power supply) and martial arts (performance of muscular work is associated with anaerobic (lactate) mode of power supply) contribute to improvement the functional possibilities of the cardiovascular system. This is manifested by the acceleration of recovery of heart rate after metered physical loads of 1 watts and 2 watts per 1 kg of body weight. The smallest percentage of person with a slow recovery of heart rate were detected among athletes, volleyball players and representatives of complex coordination sports. These individuals are involved in the performing of physical exercise with anaerobic (alactate) processes of metabolism

Analysis of antithrombotic therapy of atrial fibrillation in international and Russian registries

In the article the features of the organization of international and Russian registers of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), the clinical and demographic characteristics of patients included in the registers, as well as the features of antithrombotic therapy of AF and its compliance with current clinical guidelines were observed. In a number of large randomized controlled trials (RCTs), not less effectiveness, and in some cases, the superiority of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) over warfarin, were proved in the prevention of ischemic insulin stroke patients with non-valvular AF with better safety profile and ease of use. However, the problem of the use of data obtained during RCTs in real clinical practice, for the solution of which medical registers are gaining much popularity, remains relevant. The article provides an analysis of 16 prospective multicenter international and Russian registers of patients with AF. For convenience of comparison, registers were divided into three groups in accordance with the features of the organization and inclusion criteria. Unambiguous conclusions were drawn about the incompatibility of the real clinical practice of antithrombotic therapy of AF with current clinical recommendations. Differences in the population of patients with AF in Russia compared with European countries were found, which led to the conclusion that insufficient detection of AF at the outpatient stage of diagnosis and the resulting inappropriate anticoagulant therapy aiming the prevention of stroke and ischemic complications take place, which may be due to the differences in the socioeconomic status of the regions and the characteristics of the organization of medical treatment and preventive care to the population

PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE TREATMENT OF PAROXYSMAL AND PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN EVERY DAY CLINICAL PRACTICE

Aim. To analyze current clinical practice in the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) in emergency care department of multidisciplinary hospital in 2008-2009. Material and methods. Retrospective continuous pharmacoepidemiology study was carried out. Hospital history sheets of the patients admitted to the emergency care department in the period from 01.01.2008 to 31.12.2009 were analyzed. Results. Physicians of emergency care department mainly chose strategy of sinus rhythm restoration and maintenance in patients with paroxysmal and persistent AF . To implement this strategy pharmacological cardioversion was performed in patients with stable hemodynamics. The most frequently used medicine for pharmacological cardioversion was procainamide (60% of all prescriptions). Its efficacy was about 50% as compared with this of 80% for amiodarone and propafenone. In order to maintain sinus rhythm monotherapy with beta-blockers or amiodarone was preferred. Conclusion. Overall, AF treatment corresponded to current guidelines. Physicians preferred strategy of sinus rhythm restoration and maintenance

Value and dispersion of corrected interval QT assessed during the treadmill test as an additional diagnostic criteria in patients with coronary heart disease

In order to analyze the possibility of using the dynamics of the duration of QTc interval in patients with coronary artery disease with uncertain outcome of the stress test to predict the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis in 80 patients with CAD performed treadmill test before and immediately after the cessation of which was estimated duration and dispersion of the QT interval in 12 standard leads. In the case of uncertain exercise test results and increase dQT and dQTc can be viewed as a sign suggesting the presence of hemodynamically significant coronary atherosclerosis. The increase in background load duration of QTc interval in patients with an uncertain exercise test result, apparently, can serve as an additional sign of the presence of hemodynamically significant coronary artery atherosclerosis, but the judge about the possible involvement of left main coronary artery or proximal left anterior descending artery is not possibleС целью анализа возможности использования динамики длительности интервала QTc у больных ИБС с сомнительным результатом стресс-теста для прогнозирования тяжести атеросклероза коронарных артерий у 80 больных ИБС проведен тредмил-тест, до начала и сразу после прекращения которого оценивалась длительность и дисперсия интервала QT в 12 стандартных отведениях. В случае сомнительного результата нагрузочной пробы увеличение dQT и dQTc можно расценивать как признак, позволяющий предполагать наличие гемодинамически значимого коронарного атеросклероза. Увеличение на фоне нагрузки длительности интервала QTc у больных с сомнительным результатом нагрузочной пробы, по-видимому, может служить дополнительным признаком наличия гемодинамически значимого атеросклероза коронарных артерий, однако судить о возможном вовлечении ствола левой коронарной артерии или проксимальной части передней нисходящей артерии не представляется возможным

Dynamic nuclear polarization and spin-diffusion in non-conducting solids

There has been much renewed interest in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), particularly in the context of solid state biomolecular NMR and more recently dissolution DNP techniques for liquids. This paper reviews the role of spin diffusion in polarizing nuclear spins and discusses the role of the spin diffusion barrier, before going on to discuss some recent results.Comment: submitted to Applied Magnetic Resonance. The article should appear in a special issue that is being published in connection with the DNP Symposium help in Nottingham in August 200

Chirality Correlation within Dirac Eigenvectors from Domain Wall Fermions

In the dilute instanton gas model of the QCD vacuum, one expects a strong spatial correlation between chirality and the maxima of the Dirac eigenvectors with small eigenvalues. Following Horvath, {\it et al.} we examine this question using lattice gauge theory within the quenched approximation. We extend the work of those authors by using weaker coupling, $\beta=6.0$, larger lattices, $16^4$, and an improved fermion formulation, domain wall fermions. In contrast with this earlier work, we find a striking correlation between the magnitude of the chirality density, $|\psi^\dagger(x)\gamma^5\psi(x)|$, and the normal density, $\psi^\dagger(x)\psi(x)$, for the low-lying Dirac eigenvectors.Comment: latex, 25 pages including 12 eps figure

Property (T) and rigidity for actions on Banach spaces

We study property (T) and the fixed point property for actions on $L^p$ and other Banach spaces. We show that property (T) holds when $L^2$ is replaced by $L^p$ (and even a subspace/quotient of $L^p$), and that in fact it is independent of $1\leq p<\infty$. We show that the fixed point property for $L^p$ follows from property (T) when 1. For simple Lie groups and their lattices, we prove that the fixed point property for $L^p$ holds for any $1< p<\infty$ if and only if the rank is at least two. Finally, we obtain a superrigidity result for actions of irreducible lattices in products of general groups on superreflexive Banach spaces.Comment: Many minor improvement