40 research outputs found
Loimologically significant pinniped helminths in Chukotka
The purpose of the research is study of pinniped helminth fauna in Chukotka, and the analysis of the fish of the main commercial families infected with pathogens of helminthozoonoses based on modern literature.Materials and methods. The helminths were collected in autumn of 2019 from pinnipeds caught in the Mechigmenskaya Guba of the Bering Sea in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug by the method of partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin (gastrointestinal tract). Samples were examined from 6 walruses and 26 seals (13 spotted seals and 13 ringed seals). The helminths found were fixed in 70% alcohol. The helminth species were identified at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of the MVA named after K. I. Skryabin using reference literature.Results and discussion. All pinnipeds were infected with nematodes of the family Anisakidae. Mature Pseudoterranova desipiens were found in the walrus (Infection Prevalence = 16.7% with Infection Intensity = 3 specimens/animal), mature Ps. desipiens, as well as Contracoecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex larvae (IP = 30.8% with II from 5 to 57 specimens) were found in the spotted seal, and Ps. desipiens larvae and mature Ps. desipiens were found in the ringed seal (IP = 15.4% with II from 1 to 4 specimens). Thus, only Ps. desipiens were represented by mature stages (females and males), and two other species of anisakids, C. osculatum and A. simplex, were found in the seals in the larval stage
Late Permian palynomorph assemblages from Ufimian and Kazanian type sequences in Russia, and comparison with Roadian and Wordian assemblages from the Canadian Arctic
Tentative biostratigraphic correlations, based on marine faunas, have been made by various workers between Ufimian and Kazanian sequences in their type areas in the Volga-Urals region of Russia and Roadian and Wordian sequences in their type area in Texas, United States. Unfortunately, palynological correlation between the Russian and United States sequences is not possible, due to lack of data from the latter. However, detailed palynological data are available from rocks of Roadian and Wordian age in the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, and therefore indirect correlations are possible. Palynomorph assemblages from the Canadian Arctic and other circumpolar areas, such as the southern Barents Sea and Greenland, are different from those of the Ufimian and Kazanian Russian sequences in their type areas. This is likely to be the result of variations in the parent flora in response to significant paleoclimatic differences. For example, the climate of the Volga-Urals region in Late Permian times was probably hot and arid, whereas that of the Canadian Arctic, Barents Sea, and Greenland was cooler and probably more humid
ΠΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ°-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³Π°: ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡΠ°Π±Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅
It is hard to make a conclusion about relationship between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Bronchoobstructive Syndrome (BOS) in the postcovid period based on the literature.The aim. To determine the optimal treatment approaches by conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical, laboratory and functional parameters, taking into account the risk factors for the development of BOS.Methods. 10,456 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) were examined, and 7,459 patients were randomized into 2 groups with a newly diagnosed BOS. Group 1 (n = 3,245) was prescribed beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/FORM) as Maintenance And Reliever Therapy (MART). Group 2 (n = 4,252) was prescribed budesonide suspension (BUD) and salbutamol solution (SAL). The study assessed severity of COVID-19, presence of atopy and frequency of acute respiratory viral infections (SARS) in the medical history, spirometric parameters, blood eosinophils, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) score, use of pro re nata medications, and adverse events.Results. Patients who had mild COVID-19 were diagnosed with BOS at weeks 8 β 24 (73.3%), while patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 were diagnosed at week 4 (54.9%). Virus-induced BOS (VI BOS) was diagnosed in 71.8% of the cases. 13% of the patients with BOS in postcovid period were diagnosed with asthma.Conclusion. The incidence of BOS is significantly higher in patients with atopy and history of frequent SARS who had moderate or severe COVID-19. A fixed combination of extrafine BDP/FORM as MART was superior to nebulized BUD + SALM in the treatment of VI BOS.ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘) Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ.Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ‘.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° (n = 10 456), ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19), 7 459 ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° 2 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠΠ‘. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ 1-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ (n = 3 245) Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π±Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ (ΠΠΠ) / ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» (Π€ΠΠ Π) Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (Maintenance And Reliever Therapy β MART), 2-ΠΉ (n = 4 252) β ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄Π° (ΠΠ£Π) ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π° (Π‘ΠΠ). ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠ), Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ (ΠΠ ΠΠ) Π² Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π΅, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Β«ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ» ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠ) ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΠ β Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5).Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
COVID-19 Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ (73,3 %), ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΠΠ‘ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° 8β24-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΠΠ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (54,9 %) β Π½Π° 4-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. Π 71,8 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ (ΠΠ) ΠΠΠ‘. Π£ 13 % Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΠΠ‘ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΠ.ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΠ Π² Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ‘ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ / Π€ΠΠ Π Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ MART ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ£Π + ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π‘ΠΠ
Postcovid bronchoobstructive syndrome in the practice of a general practitioner and a pulmonologist: a large-scale study
It is hard to make a conclusion about relationship between Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Bronchoobstructive Syndrome (BOS) in the postcovid period based on the literature. The aim. To determine the optimal treatment approaches by conducting a comprehensive assessment of clinical, laboratory and functional parameters, taking into account the risk factors for the development of BOS. Methods. 10,456 patients with Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) were examined, and 7,459 patients were randomized into 2 groups with a newly diagnosed BOS. Group 1 (n = 3,245) was prescribed beclomethasone/formoterol (BDP/FORM) as Maintenance And Reliever Therapy (MART). Group 2 (n = 4,252) was prescribed budesonide suspension (BUD) and salbutamol solution (SAL). The study assessed severity of COVID-19, presence of atopy and frequency of acute respiratory viral infections (SARS) in the medical history, spirometric parameters, blood eosinophils, Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) score, use of pro re nata medications, and adverse events. Results. Patients who had mild COVID-19 were diagnosed with BOS at weeks 8 β 24 (73.3%), while patients with moderate or severe COVID-19 were diagnosed at week 4 (54.9%). Virus-induced BOS (VI BOS) was diagnosed in 71.8% of the cases. 13% of the patients with BOS in postcovid period were diagnosed with asthma. Conclusion. The incidence of BOS is significantly higher in patients with atopy and history of frequent SARS who had moderate or severe COVID-19. A fixed combination of extrafine BDP/FORM as MART was superior to nebulized BUD + SALM in the treatment of VI BOS.ΠΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ, ΠΎ Π²Π·Π°ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΠ²ΡΠ·ΠΈ Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘) Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π°ΡΡ Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
, Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Ρ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ‘. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠ° (n = 10 456), ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ COronaVIrus Disease-19 (COVID-19), 7Β 459 ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΡ
Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° 2 Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠΠ‘. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌ 1-ΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ (n = 3 245) Π±ΡΠ» Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ Π±Π΅ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ (ΠΠΠ) / ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ» (Π€ΠΠ Π) Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅Π³ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ (Maintenance And Reliever Therapy β MART), 2-ΠΉ (n = 4 252) β ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡ Π±ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ΄Π° (ΠΠ£Π) ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ±ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠ»Π° (Π‘ΠΠ). ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΠΠ), Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΡΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ (ΠΠ ΠΠ) Π² Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π΅, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Β«ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΒ» ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΉ (ΠΠ) ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ ΠΠ β Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5). Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ. Π£ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡ
COVID-19 Π² Π»Π΅Π³ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ (73,3 %), ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΠΠ‘ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π½Π° 8β24-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅, Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΠΠ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ (54,9 %) β Π½Π° 4-ΠΉ Π½Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅. Π 71,8 % ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π΅Π² Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ-ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΉ (ΠΠ) ΠΠΠ‘. Π£ 13 % Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΠΠ‘ Π² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ· ΠΠ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠΠ Ρ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΠ Π² Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ ΠΠΠ‘ Π΄ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π²ΡΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΈΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΠΠ / Π€ΠΠ Π Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ MART ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π΅Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΏΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ£Π + ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡ Π‘ΠΠ
Helminth zoonoses of wild carnivore mammals in the Primorsky Krai of the Russian Far East
The purpose of the research is to examine the helminthological status of wild carnivore mammals inhabiting the territory of the Primorsky Krai and to give an epidemiological assessment of their role in maintaining the natural foci of zoonotic infections.Materials and methods. Feces of carnivores were collected in natural habitats of wild animals. Species of animals were identified by the characteristic features of feces and animal tracks. The shape, size, texture and composition of feces were analyzed. The samples were placed in containers with 5% formalin. A part of the material was stored in native form at -12 ΒΊΠ‘. Muscle tissue samples were obtained from animal carcasses. Feces were examined by flotation techniques with a solution of zinc sulfate, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique and using an ammonium nitrate solution. After the study, the samples were disinfected by autoclaving at a pressure of 1.5 atm for 2 hours. Muscle tissue samples were examined by digesting in artificial gastric juice using the Gastros device. The species of Trichinella sp. larvae isolated from the positive samples were identified using the nucleotide sequences. In total, 444 feces samples from 13 species of wild carnivore mammals and 449 muscle tissue samples from 13 species were examined.Results and discussion. Wild carnivore mammals inhabiting the territory of the Russian Far East are often infected with various species of helminths localized in the intestine and tissues, which are causative agents of dangerous parasitic zoonoses. A total of 9 species of helminthes in the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), 3 species in the Amur leopard (P. pardus orientalis), 2 species in the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), 4 species in the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), 5 species in the sable (Martes zibellina), 2 species in the yellow-throated marten (M. flavigula), 5 species in the Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica), 1 species in the American mink (Neovison vison), 2 species in the Asian badger (Meles leucurus), 8 species in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 2 species in the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and 9 species in the brown bear and Asiatic black bear (Ursus arctos and U. thibetanus) were identified at studying of 444 feces samples of wild carnivore mammals in the Primorsky Krai. Among the detected helminths were highly pathogenic for humans: Toxocara cati, Paragonimus westermani and nematodes of the family Capillariidae. Trichinella sp. larvae were detected in 96 samples in the study of 449 samples of muscle tissue from wild carnivore mammals. The above types of helminths are of zoonotic nature. The pathogenic role of accidental infection with helminth species Baylisascaris transfuga has not yet been revealed in humans, that makes this type of bear ascaride potentially dangerous for humans. The studies have shown the widespread prevalence of helminth zoonoses in the Primorsky Krai. These data will help to organize properly the work of people whose jobs involve contact with wild animals
ΠΠΎΠΉΠΌΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΡ Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π½Π° Π§ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅
The purpose of the research is study of pinniped helminth fauna in Chukotka, and the analysis of the fish of the main commercial families infected with pathogens of helminthozoonoses based on modern literature.Materials and methods. The helminths were collected in autumn of 2019 from pinnipeds caught in the Mechigmenskaya Guba of the Bering Sea in the Chukotka Autonomous Okrug by the method of partial helminthological dissection per Skryabin (gastrointestinal tract). Samples were examined from 6 walruses and 26 seals (13 spotted seals and 13 ringed seals). The helminths found were fixed in 70% alcohol. The helminth species were identified at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Examination of the MVA named after K. I. Skryabin using reference literature.Results and discussion. All pinnipeds were infected with nematodes of the family Anisakidae. Mature Pseudoterranova desipiens were found in the walrus (Infection Prevalence = 16.7% with Infection Intensity = 3 specimens/animal), mature Ps. desipiens, as well as Contracoecum osculatum and Anisakis simplex larvae (IP = 30.8% with II from 5 to 57 specimens) were found in the spotted seal, and Ps. desipiens larvae and mature Ps. desipiens were found in the ringed seal (IP = 15.4% with II from 1 to 4 specimens). Thus, only Ps. desipiens were represented by mature stages (females and males), and two other species of anisakids, C. osculatum and A. simplex, were found in the seals in the larval stage.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π½Π° Π§ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΊΠ΅, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ± ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΠΉΡΡΠ² Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π‘Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΡ 2019 Π³. ΠΎΡ Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
, Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΠ±Π΅ ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΎΠ²Π° ΠΌΠΎΡΡ Π² Π§ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π. Π. Π‘ΠΊΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Ρ (ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡ). ΠΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΎΡ 6 ΠΌΠΎΡΠΆΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΈ 26 ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ (13 Π»Π°ΡΠ³ ΠΈ 13 ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ
Π½Π΅ΡΠΏ). ΠΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² 70%-Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ΅. ΠΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠ‘Π ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. Π‘ΠΊΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅ Π»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ΅ΠΌ. Anisakidae. Π£ ΠΌΠΎΡΠΆΠ° ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ Pseudoterranova desipiens (ΠΠ = 16,7% ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ = 3 ΡΠΊΠ·./Π³ΠΎΠ».), Ρ Π»Π°ΡΠ³ΠΈ β ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ Ps. desipiens, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Contracoecum osculatum ΠΈ Anisakis simplex (ΠΠ = 30,8 % ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 5 Π΄ΠΎ 57 ΡΠΊΠ·.), Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠΉ Π½Π΅ΡΠΏΡ β Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΅ Ps. desipiens (ΠΠ = 15,4 % ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΠ ΠΎΡ 1 Π΄ΠΎ 4 ΡΠΊΠ·.). Π’Π°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠΌ, ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ Ps. desipiens Π±ΡΠ» ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ (ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ), Π΄Π²Π° Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΊΠΈΠ΄ β C. osculatum ΠΈ A. simplex ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ ΡΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΉ Π² Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΈ
International symposium: "Evolution of permian marine biota," and problems concerning permian sections in the type region
The main results of the International Symposium "Evolution of Permian Marine Biota," are presented. The Artinskian to Ufimian part of the section at the Kozhim River (Polar Urals) is briefly described including its paleontological characteristics. Potentials for further study of Permian deposits in the Urals and possibilities of using the Uralian stages as international standards are discussed. Copyright Β© 1997 by MAHK Hayka/Interperiodica Publishing
ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ Ρ ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ Π² ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π Π€
The purpose of the research is to examine the helminthological status of wild carnivore mammals inhabiting the territory of the Primorsky Krai and to give an epidemiological assessment of their role in maintaining the natural foci of zoonotic infections.Materials and methods. Feces of carnivores were collected in natural habitats of wild animals. Species of animals were identified by the characteristic features of feces and animal tracks. The shape, size, texture and composition of feces were analyzed. The samples were placed in containers with 5% formalin. A part of the material was stored in native form at -12 ΒΊΠ‘. Muscle tissue samples were obtained from animal carcasses. Feces were examined by flotation techniques with a solution of zinc sulfate, the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique and using an ammonium nitrate solution. After the study, the samples were disinfected by autoclaving at a pressure of 1.5 atm for 2 hours. Muscle tissue samples were examined by digesting in artificial gastric juice using the Gastros device. The species of Trichinella sp. larvae isolated from the positive samples were identified using the nucleotide sequences. In total, 444 feces samples from 13 species of wild carnivore mammals and 449 muscle tissue samples from 13 species were examined.Results and discussion. Wild carnivore mammals inhabiting the territory of the Russian Far East are often infected with various species of helminths localized in the intestine and tissues, which are causative agents of dangerous parasitic zoonoses. A total of 9 species of helminthes in the Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altaica), 3 species in the Amur leopard (P. pardus orientalis), 2 species in the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx), 4 species in the leopard cat (Prionailurus bengalensis), 5 species in the sable (Martes zibellina), 2 species in the yellow-throated marten (M. flavigula), 5 species in the Siberian weasel (Mustela sibirica), 1 species in the American mink (Neovison vison), 2 species in the Asian badger (Meles leucurus), 8 species in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), 2 species in the raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), and 9 species in the brown bear and Asiatic black bear (Ursus arctos and U. thibetanus) were identified at studying of 444 feces samples of wild carnivore mammals in the Primorsky Krai. Among the detected helminths were highly pathogenic for humans: Toxocara cati, Paragonimus westermani and nematodes of the family Capillariidae. Trichinella sp. larvae were detected in 96 samples in the study of 449 samples of muscle tissue from wild carnivore mammals. The above types of helminths are of zoonotic nature. The pathogenic role of accidental infection with helminth species Baylisascaris transfuga has not yet been revealed in humans, that makes this type of bear ascaride potentially dangerous for humans. The studies have shown the widespread prevalence of helminth zoonoses in the Primorsky Krai. These data will help to organize properly the work of people whose jobs involve contact with wild animals.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ β ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
, ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, ΠΈ Π΄Π°ΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ ΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ°Π³ΠΎΠ² Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΉ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π€Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² Π΅ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΎΠΏΠ°Ρ
Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½Π°Π΄Π»Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΡ, ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½Π΅ΡΡ Ρ 5%-Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ. Π§Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ β12 ΒΊΠ‘. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠΏΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. Π€Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ-ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ²ΠΎΡΠ° Π°ΠΌΠΌΠΈΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Π° ΠΎΠ±Π΅Π·Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΊΠ»Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ 2 Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π΄Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ 1,5 Π°ΡΠΌ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π² ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Gastros. ΠΠΈΠ΄ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΊ Trichinella sp., Π²ΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π½ΡΠΊΠ»Π΅ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΄Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 444 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ 13 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈ 449 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ 13 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ².Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠΈΠΊΠΈΠ΅ Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅, ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ° Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π»ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ². ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ 444 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅ Ρ Π°ΠΌΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΠ³ΡΠ° (Panthera tigris altaica) Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ 9 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ², Ρ Π°ΠΌΡΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π»Π΅ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΄Π° (P. Pardus orientalis) β 3, Ρ Π΅Π²ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΡΠΈ (Lynx lynx) β 2, Ρ Π±Π΅Π½Π³Π°Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° (Prionailurus bengalensis) β 4, Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Ρ (Martes zibellina) β 5, Ρ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ·Ρ (M. flavigula) β 2, Ρ ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΊΠ° (Mustela sibirica) β 5, Ρ Π°ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π½ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ (Neovison vison) β 1, Ρ Π°Π·ΠΈΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°ΡΡΡΠΊΠ° (Meles leucurus) β 2, Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ (Vulpes vulpes) β 8, Ρ Π΅Π½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±Π°ΠΊΠΈ (Nyctereutes procyonoides) β 2 ΠΈ Ρ Π±ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»Π°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅ΠΉ (Ursus arctos, U. thibetanus) β 9 Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°: Toxocara cati, Paragonimus westermani ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ΅ΠΌ. Π‘aΡillariidae. ΠΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΈ 449 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± ΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΠ°Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΡ
Ρ
ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ»Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π² 96 Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠΈ Trichinella sp. ΠΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Π·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° Baylisascaris transfuga Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π°, ΡΡΠΎ Π΄Π΅Π»Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ, ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ
Π Π°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ Π Π€
The purpose of the research is studying the distribution of endoparasitoses in bison in various regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The endoparasite fauna in bison was studied in 2018β2020 in the FSBI Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve (Moscow Region), the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic, the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve (Bryansk Region), the Ugra National Park (Kaluga Region), the Vologda Region, and at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology β K. I. Skryabin MVA. We studied feces collected from bison of different sex and age groups near feeders in the runs, and in reserves, nurseries and in the wild. A total of 320 samples were collected and examined including 237 samples from the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, 15 samples from the Bison Nursery, 18 samples from the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, 29 samples from the Ugra National Park and 21 samples from wild bison from the Vologda Region. For helminth-coprological studies, we collected fresh feces of bison from the soil surface. The feces were examined according to generally accepted methods. The sequential washing technique was used to diagnose trematodiases, and the Kotelnikov-Khrenov and Fulleborn flotation methods were used to diagnose cestodoses, nematodoses and eimerioses.Results and discussion. The endoparasite fauna of the European bison was most diverse in the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, where we identified the parasitizing of two species of trematodes, one genus of cestodes, one species and four genera of nematodes and one genus of protozoa. All these pathogens parasitize both as mono- and mixed infections. One species of trematodes, one genus of nematodes and one genus of protozoa have been identified in the Ugra National Park. One genus and two genera of nematodes were found in the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic and in the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, respectively. The dominant were gastrointestinal strongylatoses.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² Ρ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π Π€.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ Ρ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π² 2018β2020 Π³Π³. Π² Π€ΠΠΠ£ Β«ΠΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΊΠΎ-Π’Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΒ» (ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ), Π² Β«ΠΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅Β» Π‘Π Π ΠΠ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉ, Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΒ» (ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ), Π² ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ Β«Π£Π³ΡΠ°Β» (ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠΆΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΡ), Π² ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠ·Ρ Π€ΠΠΠΠ£ ΠΠ ΠΠΠΠΠΠΈΠ β ΠΠΠ ΠΈΠΌ. Π. Π. Π‘ΠΊΡΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°. Π£ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΌΡΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π² Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 320 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±, Π² ΡΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅ 237 β ΠΈΠ· ΠΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΊΠΎ-Π’Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, 15 β ΠΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ°, 18 β Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Β«ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΒ», 29 β ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠ° Β«Π£Π³ΡΠ°Β» ΠΈ 21 β Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π³Π΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²Ρ. Π€Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌ. ΠΠ»Ρ Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ², Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠΉΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ·Π° β ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Ρ-Π₯ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ ΠΈ Π€ΡΠ»Π»Π΅Π±ΠΎΡΠ½Ρ.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·Π½Π° ΡΠ½Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠ½Π° Ρ Π΅Π²ΡΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·ΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΊΠΎ-Π’Π΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅, Π³Π΄Π΅ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
. ΠΡΠ΅ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π±ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎ-, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΡΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΠΉ. Π ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ Β«Π£Π³ΡΠ°Β» ΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄, ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
. Π ΠΡΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Π Π ΠΠ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉ ΠΈ Π² Π·Π°ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Β«ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π»Π΅ΡΒ» ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΠΈ Π΄Π²Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° Π½Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠΎΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ»ΡΡΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°