101 research outputs found
ΠΠ ΠΠ€ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ ΠΠ«Π‘ΠΠΠΠΠΠ§ΠΠ‘Π’ΠΠΠΠΠ«Π₯ ΠΠΠ
The objects of the research were samples of high quality wines of various types produced by the enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory, the Rostov Region and foreign producers of different grape varieties. The method of automatic titration of acids in wines was applied by coulometric generation of the base with the recording of the results of potentiometric indication on the computer. The influence of the grape variety and the duration of aging of table wine on the appearance of the titration curves was carried out using 77 technical grades and clones of grapes (44 red grapes and 33 white grapes) from the Anapsko-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar Territory from 2001 to 2016. Grapes of the studied varieties were processed under the micro nodulation conditions according to two schemes. Dry table red wines were obtained by fermentation on the mash. Dry table white wines were produced using the high quality low-oxidized wines. The experimental studies confirming the individuality of the titration curves and the absorption spectra of wine samples for specific brands have been carried out. The principal possibility was shown of using the coordinates of the titration curve of a wine sample for establishing a relationship with the grape variety and the authenticity of the production of wines with the protected geographical indication and appellation of origin. To confirm the authenticity of the wine products, it was suggested to compare the data matrix with the coordinates describing the average titration curve of a specific wine product obtained by the manufacturer with a similar matrix obtained by the controlling party under the reproducibility conditions. When the appearance of the titration curves of red wines obtained from different grape varieties was identical, it was suggested to additionally apply a matrix of data describing the absorption spectrum in the visible region.Key words: organic acids, authenticity of wines, potentiometric titration curves, spectral characteristicsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.003(Russian)O.N. Shelud`ko1,2, N.K. Strizhov2, T.I. Guguchkina1, T.V. Guzik2Β 1Northern-Caucasian Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking. Russian Federation, Β 350901, Krasnodar,40th Anniversary of the Victory st., 392Kuban State Technological University, Β Russian Federation, 350072, Krasnodar, Moscow st.,2ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, Π ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° 77 ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° (44 ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ 33 Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
), ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠΊΠΎ-Π’Π°ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ 2001 ΠΏΠΎ 2016 Π³Π³. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π³Π΅. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ½. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΠΈΠ½ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π²ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ.ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°: ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2018.22.3.00
Graphic image of high quality wines
The objects of the research were samples of high quality wines of various types produced by the enterprises of the Krasnodar Territory, the Rostov Region and foreign producers of different grape varieties. The method of automatic titration of acids in wines was applied by coulometric generation of the base with the recording of the results of potentiometric indication on the computer. The influence of the grape variety and the duration of aging of table wine on the appearance of the titration curves was carried out using 77 technical grades and clones of grapes (44 red grapes and 33 white grapes) from the Anapsko-Tamanskaya zone of the Krasnodar Territory from 2001 to 2016. Grapes of the studied varieties were processed under the micro nodulation conditions according to two schemes. Dry table red wines were obtained by fermentation on the mash. Dry table white wines were produced using the high quality low-oxidized wines. The experimental studies confirming the individuality of the titration curves and the absorption spectra of wine samples for specific brands have been carried out. The principal possibility was shown of using the coordinates of the titration curve of a wine sample for establishing a relationship with the grape variety and the authenticity of the production of wines with the protected geographical indication and appellation of origin. To confirm the authenticity of the wine products, it was suggested to compare the data matrix with the coordinates describing the average titration curve of a specific wine product obtained by the manufacturer with a similar matrix obtained by the controlling party under the reproducibility conditions. When the appearance of the titration curves of red wines obtained from different grape varieties was identical, it was suggested to additionally apply a matrix of data describing the absorption spectrum in the visible region.ΠΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ½ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², Π²ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΏΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΡΠ°Ρ, Π ΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ±Π΅ΠΆΠ½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°. ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π²ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΈΡΠ»ΠΎΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ½Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π³Π΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π·Π°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΡ Π²Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Ρ
ΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΡ
ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π²ΠΈΠ΄ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π½Π° 77 ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° (44 ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ 33 Π±Π΅Π»ΡΡ
), ΡΠ°ΠΉΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π² ΠΠ½Π°ΠΏΡΠΊΠΎ-Π’Π°ΠΌΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΠΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΡΠ°Ρ Π² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ Ρ 2001 ΠΏΠΎ 2016 Π³Π³. ΠΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±Π°ΡΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π²ΡΠΌ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°ΠΌ. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅Π·Π³Π΅. Π‘ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ Π±Π΅Π»ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΡ
ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΎΠΊΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΈΠ½. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠΏΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½Π°Ρ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Ρ Π²ΠΈΠ½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Π²Π»ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ²ΡΠ·Ρ Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠ²Π° Π²ΠΈΠ½ Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π³Π΅ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ. ΠΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π»ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΎΡΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΉ, Π² ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Π° ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ± Π²ΠΈΠ½, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
, ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Π²ΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ
Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of Grape Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Gene Superfamily
The completion of the grape genome sequencing project has paved the way for novel gene discovery and functional analysis. Aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) comprise a gene superfamily encoding NAD(P)(+)-dependent enzymes that catalyze the irreversible oxidation of a wide range of endogenous and exogenous aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes. Although ALDHs have been systematically investigated in several plant species including Arabidopsis and rice, our knowledge concerning the ALDH genes, their evolutionary relationship and expression patterns in grape has been limited.A total of 23 ALDH genes were identified in the grape genome and grouped into ten families according to the unified nomenclature system developed by the ALDH Gene Nomenclature Committee (AGNC). Members within the same grape ALDH families possess nearly identical exon-intron structures. Evolutionary analysis indicates that both segmental and tandem duplication events have contributed significantly to the expansion of grape ALDH genes. Phylogenetic analysis of ALDH protein sequences from seven plant species indicates that grape ALDHs are more closely related to those of Arabidopsis. In addition, synteny analysis between grape and Arabidopsis shows that homologs of a number of grape ALDHs are found in the corresponding syntenic blocks of Arabidopsis, suggesting that these genes arose before the speciation of the grape and Arabidopsis. Microarray gene expression analysis revealed large number of grape ALDH genes responsive to drought or salt stress. Furthermore, we found a number of ALDH genes showed significantly changed expressions in responses to infection with different pathogens and during grape berry development, suggesting novel roles of ALDH genes in plant-pathogen interactions and berry development.The genome-wide identification, evolutionary and expression analysis of grape ALDH genes should facilitate research in this gene family and provide new insights regarding their evolution history and functional roles in plant stress tolerance
Characterization of LhSorP5CS, a gene catalyzing proline synthesis in Oriental hybrid lily Sorbonne: molecular modelling and expression analysis
Overexpression of soybean ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme gene GmUBC2 confers enhanced drought and salt tolerance through modulating abiotic stress-responsive gene expression in Arabidopsis
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